The Constitution of Pakistan, also known as the 1973 Constitution, is the supreme law of Pakistan. The document guides Pakistan's law, political culture, and system. It sets out the state's outline, the fundamental rights of the population, the state's law and orders, and also the structure and establishment of the institutions and the armed forces. Drafted by the government of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, with additional assistance from the country's opposition parties, it was unanimously approved by the 5th Parliament on 10 April and ratified on 14 August 1973. The first three chapters establish the rules, mandate, and separate powers of the three branches of the government: a bicameral legislature; an executive branch governed by the Prime Minister as chief executive; and an apex federal judiciary headed by Supreme Court. The Constitution designates the President of Pakistan as a ceremonial Head of State who is to represent the unity of the state. The first six articles of the constitution outline the political system as federal parliamentary republic system; as well as Islam as its state religion. The Constitution also encapsulates provisions stipulating the legal system's compliance with Islamic injunctions contained in the Quran and Sunnah.
Zulfikar Ali Bhutto was a Pakistani barrister, politician, and statesman. He served as the fourth president of Pakistan from 1971 to 1973 and later as the ninth prime minister of Pakistan from 1973 to 1977. Bhutto founded the Pakistan People's Party (PPP) and served as its chairman until his execution.
The President of Pakistan is the head of state of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. The president is the nominal head of the executive and the supreme commander of the Pakistan Armed Forces. The Presidency is a ceremonial position in Pakistan. The President is bound to act on advice of Prime Minister and cabinet. Asif Ali Zardari is the current President since 10 March 2024.
Fazal Ilahi Chaudhry was a Pakistani politician who served as the fifth president of Pakistan from 1973 to 1978 prior to the imposition of martial law led by Chief of Army Staff General Zia-ul-Haq. He also served as the deputy speaker of the National Assembly of Pakistan from 1965 to 1969 and the eighth speaker of the National Assembly of Pakistan from 1972 to 1973.
Raja Tridiv Roy sometimes spelled Tridev Roy, was a Pakistani politician, diplomat and writer who was the Minister of the Minority Affairs in Zulfikar Ali Bhutto cabinet. He was also the 50th Raja/King of the Chakma tribe in the Chittagong Hill Tracts region of present-day Bangladesh from 2 May 1953, until his abdication in 1971 following the Bangladesh Liberation War. He chose to remain a Pakistani when Bangladesh achieved independence in 1971. He became known as a writer, diplomat, Buddhist religious leader and politician in Pakistan.
The Constituent Assembly of Pakistan was established in August 1947 to frame a constitution for Pakistan. It also served as its first interim parliament. It was dissolved by the Governor-General of Pakistan in 1958.
Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq's tenure as the sixth president of Pakistan began on 16 September 1978 and ended with his death in an aircraft crash on 17 August 1988. Zia came to power after a coup, overthrowing prime minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto and imposing martial law in 1977.
The vice presidency of Pakistan was a political office which existed between 1971 and 1973. In practice, it was the second highest office in the country after the presidency of Pakistan, holding the status of the deputy head of state, and ranking first in the presidential line of succession. Established in December 1971, the post remained in effect until the 1973 Constitution of Pakistan was promulgated in August 1973, under which it was formally abolished.
The nationalisation process in Pakistan was a policy measure programme in the economic history of Pakistan that negatively impacted the country's industrialization and undermined the trust of businessmen and investors. The process was first introduced, promulgated and implemented by Zulfikar Ali Bhutto and Pakistan Peoples Party to lay the foundation of socialist economics reforms to improve the growth of the national economy. Since the 1950s, the country had undergone a speedy industrialisation. But, as time progressed, the labour trade unions and labour-working class had increasingly strained relations with the industrial business oligarch class, having neglected to improve working conditions and failing to provide a healthy and safe environment for the workers in these industrial industries.
Malik Ghulam Mustafa Khar is a Pakistani politician and feudal lord who has previously served as the Chief Minister of Punjab and Governor of Punjab.
Yahya Bakhtiar was a Pakistani lawyer and politician who served as the Attorney General of Pakistan. Yahya was born in 1921 at Quetta, Balochistan, British India. Yahya Bakhtiar died on June 27, 2003, in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
Syed Nasir Ali Rizvi was a Pakistani politician.
Mir Hazar Khan Bijarani was a Pakistani politician who was the Member of the Provincial Assembly of Sindh for Constituency PS-16 (Jacobabad-IV) from his election in June 2013 and the Provincial Minister of Sindh for Planning and Development since August 2016 until his death in February 2018. Mir Hazar Khan Bijarani was the chief of 36 tribes. Mir Hazar Khan Bijarani was the son of Sardar Noor Muhammad Khan Bijarani.
Muhammad Abdul Khaleque was a Pakistani politician who served as a member of Parliament of Pakistan representing East Bengal. He was the Federal Minister of Labour and Works from 12 September 1956 to 18 October 1957 during Suhrawardy government.
The Chundrigar government also known as the Chundrigar administration was the seventh government and cabinet of Pakistan formed by Ibrahim Ismail Chundrigar on 18 October 1957 after the resignation of the previous prime minister, Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy.
Second Zulfikar Ali Bhutto government was formed on 30 March 1977 after Zulfikar Ali Bhutto gained a large majority in the 1977 Pakistani general election. The government was dissolved on 5 July 1977 when Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq declared martial law.
S. M. Masood was a Pakistani lawyer and a founding member of the Pakistan People's Party (PPP), as well as a close aide to Zulfikar Ali Bhutto.
Abdul Sattar Gabol was a Pakistani politician and one of the founding members of the Pakistan People's Party (PPP). He served as the Minister of Labour and Manpower from 30 March 1977 to 5 July 1977. He also served as the Sindh Provincial Minister for Health, Labour and Social Welfare and president of the Pakistan Football Federation.
The Junejo government was formed on April 10, 1985, when Muhammad Khan Junejo became the prime minister of Pakistan. His tenure began under the influence of military president Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq, who maintained control over key appointments, including several federal cabinet ministers.
Malik Muhammad Akhtar (1915–1999) was a Pakistani politician, former Federal Minister for Law and Parliamentary Affairs and for Fuel Power and Natural Resources, human rights advocate and lawyer.
