Yugoslavia was a country in Southeast and Central Europe that existed from 1918 to 1992.
The history of Serbia covers the historical development of Serbia and of its predecessor states,from the Early Stone Age to the present state,as well as that of the Serbian people and of the areas they ruled historically. Serbian habitation and rule has varied much through the ages,and as a result the history of Serbia is similarly elastic in what it includes.
The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY),commonly referred to as SFR Yugoslavia or simply as Yugoslavia,was a country in Central and Southeast Europe. It emerged in 1945,following World War II,and lasted until 1992,with the breakup of Yugoslavia occurring as a consequence of the Yugoslav Wars. Spanning an area of 255,804 square kilometres (98,766 sq mi) in the Balkans,Yugoslavia was bordered by the Adriatic Sea and Italy to the west,by Austria and Hungary to the north,by Bulgaria and Romania to the east,and by Albania and Greece to the south. It was a one-party socialist state and federation governed by the League of Communists of Yugoslavia,and had six constituent republics:Bosnia and Herzegovina,Croatia,Macedonia,Montenegro,Serbia,and Slovenia. Within Serbia was the Yugoslav capital city of Belgrade as well as two autonomous Yugoslav provinces:Kosovo and Vojvodina.
The term Greater Serbia or Great Serbia describes the Serbian nationalist and irredentist ideology of the creation of a Serb state which would incorporate all regions of traditional significance to Serbs,a South Slavic ethnic group,including regions outside modern-day Serbia that are partly populated by Serbs. The initial movement's main ideology (Pan-Serbism) was to unite all Serbs into one state,claiming,depending on the version,different areas of many surrounding countries,regardless of non-Serb populations present.
The Yugoslav Wars were a series of separate but related ethnic conflicts,wars of independence,and insurgencies that took place in the SFR Yugoslavia from 1991 to 2001. The conflicts both led up to and resulted from the breakup of Yugoslavia,which began in mid-1991,into six independent countries matching the six entities known as republics that had previously constituted Yugoslavia:Slovenia,Croatia,Bosnia and Herzegovina,Montenegro,Serbia,and North Macedonia. Yugoslavia's constituent republics declared independence due to unresolved tensions between ethnic minorities in the new countries,which fuelled the wars. While most of the conflicts ended through peace accords that involved full international recognition of new states,they resulted in a massive number of deaths as well as severe economic damage to the region.
Aleksandar RankovićLeka was a Serbian and Yugoslav communist politician,considered to be the third most powerful man in Yugoslavia after Josip Broz Tito and Edvard Kardelj. Rankovićwas a proponent of a centralized Yugoslavia and opposed efforts that promoted decentralization that he deemed to be against the interests of the Serbian people;he ensured Serbs had a strong presence in Serbia's Socialist Autonomous Province of Kosovo's nomenklatura. Rankovićcautioned against separatist forces in Kosovo who were commonly suspected of pursuing seditious activities.
The Serbian Renewal Movement is a liberal and monarchist political party in Serbia.
After a period of political and economic crisis in the 1980s,constituent republics of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia split apart,but the unresolved issues caused a series of inter-ethnic Yugoslav Wars. The wars primarily affected Bosnia and Herzegovina,neighbouring parts of Croatia and,some years later,Kosovo.
The Socialist Republic of Serbia,previously known as the People's Republic of Serbia,was one of the six constituent republics of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in what is now the modern day states of Serbia and the disputed territory of Kosovo. Its formation was initiated in 1941,and achieved in 1944–1946,when it was established as a federated republic within Yugoslavia. In that form,it lasted until the constitutional reforms from 1990 to 1992,when it was reconstituted,as the Republic of Serbia within the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. It was the largest constituent republic of Yugoslavia,in terms of population and territory. Its capital,Belgrade,was also the federal capital of Yugoslavia.
The Gazimestan speech was given on 28 June 1989 by Slobodan Milošević,then president of Serbia,at the Gazimestan monument on the Kosovo field. It was the centrepiece of a day-long event to mark the 600th anniversary of the Battle of Kosovo,which was fought at the site in 1389.
Serbian nationalism asserts that Serbs are a nation and promotes the cultural and political unity of Serbs. It is an ethnic nationalism,originally arising in the context of the general rise of nationalism in the Balkans under Ottoman rule,under the influence of Serbian linguist Vuk StefanovićKaradžićand Serbian statesman Ilija Garašanin. Serbian nationalism was an important factor during the Balkan Wars which contributed to the decline of the Ottoman Empire,during and after World War I when it contributed to the dissolution of the Austro-Hungarian Empire,and again during the breakup of Yugoslavia and the Yugoslav Wars of the 1990s.
Slobodan Milošević was a Serbian and Yugoslav politician who was the president of Serbia from 1989 to 1997 and president of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia from 1997 until his оverthrow in 2000. Formerly a high-ranking member of the League of Communists of Serbia (SKS) during the 1980s,he led the Socialist Party of Serbia from its foundation in 1990 until his death in 2006. Miloševićplayed a major role in the Yugoslav Wars. During his reign,numerous anti-government and anti-war protests took place,and hundreds of thousands deserted the Milošević-controlled Yugoslav People's Army,leading to mass emigration from Serbia. During the NATO bombing of Yugoslavia in 1999,Miloševićwas charged by the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) for war crimes in connection with the Bosnian War,the Croatian War of Independence,and the Kosovo War. He became the first sitting head of state to be charged with war crimes.
Rankovićism refers to a political ideology prevalent in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia based on the political views of the Serbian communist official and former Yugoslav Partisan leader Aleksandar Ranković.
The most recent census of Bosnia and Herzegovina,the 2013 census,took place from 1 October until 15 October 2013 with a reference date of census 30 September 2013 at 24:00 hours (midnight),22 years after the previous census. It was the first census after the Bosnian War. It was organized by the Central Census Bureau of Bosnia and Herzegovina and supported by the European Union.
Montenegrin nationalism is the nationalism that asserts that Montenegrins are a nation and promotes the cultural unity of Montenegrins.
Serbian historiography refers to the historiography of the Serb people since the founding of Serbian statehood. The development can be divided into four main stages:traditional historiography,Ruvarac's critical school,Communist–Marxist legacy,and the renewed Serbian national movement.
Sabrina Petra Ramet is an American academic,educator,editor and journalist. She specializes in Eastern European history and politics and is a Professor of Political Science at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) in Trondheim.
This article includes information on terrorist acts and groups in or against the Kingdom of Yugoslavia (1918–45) and Federal Yugoslavia (1945–92). Many of the terrorist acts were carried out outside Yugoslavia against Yugoslav subjects. The post-war period until circa 1985 was marked by frequent terrorist attacks on Yugoslav institutions organized by extremist emigrant organizations. Between 1962 and 1982,they carried out 128 terrorist attacks against Yugoslav civilian and military targets.
Democratic Federal Yugoslavia was a charter member of the United Nations from its establishment in 1945 as the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia until 1992 during the Yugoslav Wars. During its existence the country played a prominent role in the promotion of multilateralism and narrowing of the Cold War divisions in which various UN bodies were perceived as important vehicles. Yugoslavia was elected a non-permanent member of the United Nations Security Council on multiple occasions in periods between 1950 and 1951,1956,1972–1973,and 1988–1989,which was in total 7 years of Yugoslav membership in the organization. The country was also one of 17 original members of the Special Committee on Decolonization.
Dejan Jović is a political scientist from Croatia. He is a full-time professor at the Faculty of Political Science at the University of Zagreb. From 2012 to 2020,Jovićwas editor-in-chief of the Croatian Political Science Review,one of the leading academic journals of political science and social science in Southeast Europe. He is also one of the founders and editor-in-chief of the peer reviewed journal Tragovi:Journal for Serbian and Croatian Topics published by the Serb National Council and the Archive of Serbs in Croatia.
