Forty Years On is a 1968 play by Alan Bennett. It was his first West End play. It takes its name from the Harrow School song. The play is set in a British public school called Albion House ("Albion" is an ancient word for Britain), which is putting on an end of term play in front of the parents, i.e. the audience. A play within the play is a review of the first half of the 20th Century, made up of a series of vignettes. The scenes are linked by an ongoing conversation involving a Member of Parliament and his family that takes place during World War II, reflecting on what has passed.
The first vignette is a parody of Oscar Wilde. This is followed by an evocation of the Edwardian era, seen through people's too-rosy memories, including growing up and going to school at the time. There follows a spoof lantern-slide lecture on Lawrence of Arabia, "the man and the myth".
Bertrand Russell appears, as do Lady Ottoline Morrell and Osbert Sitwell. A memoir follows about a group of young aristocrats and intellectuals known at the time as The Coterie. This gives an ominous foreshadowing of the slaughter of World War I. [1]
Leonard and Virginia Woolf appear in a spoof about the Bloomsbury Group which confuses Isaiah Berlin with Irving Berlin. A school confirmation class turns into awkward sex education. There is a parody of the adventure novels of John Buchan, "Sapper" and their kind, described as "the school of Snobbery with Violence". [2] We see a mock trial of Neville Chamberlain over Munich. His sentence: "perpetual ignominy."
The play concludes with a moment of nostalgia for what was lost. "A sergeant's world it is now, the world of the lay-by and the civic improvement scheme." The school sing the closing hymn "All people that on earth do dwell."
The first production of Forty Years On opened at the Apollo Theatre in Shaftesbury Avenue on 31 October 1968, directed by Patrick Garland and was an immediate success. [3] The school's headmaster was played by John Gielgud; Paul Eddington was Franklin and Alan Bennett played Tempest. It ran until 24 November 1969. The full cast was:
A revival of the play was staged by Chichester Festival Theatre, with Richard Wilson playing the Headmaster, in April 2017.
Philip Hope-Wallace in The Guardian described the play as "A wry, irreverent and often wildly hilarious kind of Cavalcade in reverse. I found myself laughing helplessly, more often than at any time this year." [4]
Irving Wardle in the New York Times : "We have been waiting for a full-scale mock-heroic pageant of modern myth, and Mr. Bennett has now supplied it... On his own lips the writing sometimes congeals into compulsive punning and wonderland nonsense logic. Not so on Gielgud's clutching a coronation mug as his world goes down and turning the schoolmasterly sarcasms into pure gold." [5]
Sue Gaisford "Nearly 40 years on and Bennett is having another attack of nostalgia", The Sunday Times , 6 August 2000
In a 1999 study of Bennett's work, Peter Wolfe describes the play as "nostalgic and astringent, elegiac and unsettling". [6]
Alan Bennett is an English playwright, author, actor and screenwriter. Over his entertainment career he has received numerous awards and honours including two BAFTA Awards, four Laurence Olivier Awards, and two Tony Awards. He also earned an Academy Award nomination for his film The Madness of King George (1994). In 2005 he received the Society of London Theatre Special Award.
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Sir Arthur John Gielgud, was an English actor and theatre director whose career spanned eight decades. With Ralph Richardson and Laurence Olivier, he was one of the trinity of actors who dominated the British stage for much of the 20th century. A member of the Terry family theatrical dynasty, he gained his first paid acting work as a junior member of his cousin Phyllis Neilson-Terry's company in 1922. After studying at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art (RADA), he worked in repertory theatre and in the West End before establishing himself at the Old Vic as an exponent of Shakespeare in 1929–31.
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