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Other names | Fotrin; Photrin; 2,2,4,4,6-Pentaethyleneimino-6-morpholino-cyclotriphosphazatriene |
Drug class | Alkylating antineoplastic agent; Immunosuppressant |
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Chemical and physical data | |
Formula | C14H28N9OP3 |
Molar mass | 431.361 g·mol−1 |
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Fotretamine (INN ), also known as fotrin, is an alkylating antineoplastic and immunosuppressant. [1] [2] The drug entered clinical trials in the Soviet Union. [3] It was first described in the literature by 1972. [1] [2]
Computational chemistry is a branch of chemistry that uses computer simulations to assist in solving chemical problems. It uses methods of theoretical chemistry incorporated into computer programs to calculate the structures and properties of molecules, groups of molecules, and solids. The importance of this subject stems from the fact that, with the exception of some relatively recent findings related to the hydrogen molecular ion, achieving an accurate quantum mechanical depiction of chemical systems analytically, or in a closed form, is not feasible. The complexity inherent in the many-body problem exacerbates the challenge of providing detailed descriptions of quantum mechanical systems. While computational results normally complement information obtained by chemical experiments, it can occasionally predict unobserved chemical phenomena.
Chemical species are a specific form of chemical substance or chemically identical molecular entities that have the same molecular energy level at a specified timescale. These entities are classified through bonding types and relative abundance of isotopes. Types of chemical species can be classified based on the type of molecular entity and can be either an atomic, molecular, ionic or radical species.
Corbadrine, sold under the brand name Neo-Cobefrine and also known as levonordefrin and α-methylnorepinephrine, is a catecholamine sympathomimetic used as a topical nasal decongestant and vasoconstrictor in dentistry in the United States. It is usually used in a pre-mixed solution with local anesthetics, such as mepivacaine.
John Christian Bailar Jr. was a professor of inorganic chemistry at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. He received his B.A. at the University of Colorado and his Ph.D. at the University of Michigan. His father was a member of the chemistry staff of the Colorado School of Mines.
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Wolfgang Kaim is a German chemist who held the chair of coordination chemistry at the University of Stuttgart. He is co-author of the internationally recognized book, Bioinorganic Chemistry which was awarded with the Literature Award of the German Chemical Industry.
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Flumexadol (INN) is a drug described and researched as a non-opioid analgesic which was never marketed. It has been found to act as an agonist of the serotonin 5-HT1A and 5-HT2C receptors and, to a much lesser extent, of the 5-HT2A receptor. According to Nilsson (2006) in a paper on 5-HT2C receptor agonists as potential anorectics, "The (+)-enantiomer of this compound showed [...] affinity for the 5-HT2C receptor (Ki) 25 nM) [...] and was 40-fold selective over the 5-HT2A receptor in receptor binding studies. The racemic version [...], also known as 1841 CERM, was originally reported to possess analgesic properties while no association with 5-HT2C receptor activity was mentioned." It is implied that flumexadol might be employable as an anorectic in addition to analgesic. Though flumexadol itself has never been approved for medical use, oxaflozane is a prodrug of the compound that was formerly used clinically in France as an antidepressant and anxiolytic agent.
The fluoronickelates are a class of chemical compounds containing an anion with nickel at its core, surrounded by fluoride ions which act as ligands. This makes it a fluoroanion. The nickel atom can be in a range of oxidation states from +2, +3 to +4. The hexafluoronickelate(IV)2− ion NiF62− contains nickel in the maximal +4 state, and is in octahedral coordination by the fluoride atoms. It forms a commercially available salt Potassium hexafluoronickelate(IV) K2NiF6. Solid double salts can also contain tetrafluoronickelate NiF4 eg K2NiF4.
Spirorenone (INN) is a steroidal antimineralocorticoid of the spirolactone group that was never marketed. Spirorenone possesses 5–8 times the antimineralocorticoid activity of spironolactone in animal studies. The initial discovery of spirorenone was deemed a great success, as no compound with greater antimineralocorticoid activity had been developed since spironolactone in 1957. Moreover, spirorenone itself has virtually no affinity for the androgen receptor while its progestogenic activity shows species differences, being somewhat greater than that of spironolactone in rabbits but absent in mice and rats. As such, it was characterized as a highly potent antimineralocorticoid with far fewer hormonal side effects relative to spironolactone.
Allenestrol, or allenoestrol, also known as α,α-dimethyl-β-ethylallenolic acid or as methallenestrilphenol, is a synthetic, nonsteroidal estrogen and a derivative of allenolic acid that was never marketed. A methyl ether of allenestrol, methallenestril (methallenestrol), is also an estrogen, but, in contrast to allenestrol, has been marketed.
Spiroxasone is a synthetic, steroidal antimineralocorticoid of the spirolactone group which was developed as a diuretic and antihypertensive agent but was never marketed. It was synthesized and assayed in 1963. The drug is 7α-acetylthiospirolactone with the ketone group removed from the C17α spirolactone ring. Similarly to other spirolactones like spironolactone, spiroxasone also possesses antiandrogen activity.
Salmefamol is a drug of the phenethylamine and amphetamine families described as a bronchodilator which was never marketed. It is a β-adrenergic receptor agonist with some selectivity for the β2-adrenergic receptor and has been described as a "sister compound" to salbutamol. However, the drug is more potent (1.5-fold), longer-acting, and more lipophilic in comparison to salbutamol. It was intended for inhalational or intravenous administration. Salmefamol was first described in the literature by 1968.
Clofenetamine, also known as phenoxethamine or as Keithon, is a drug described as a tranquilizer, antihistamine, anticholinergic, and antiparkinsonian agent. It is a derivative of diphenhydramine and is closely structurally related to mephenhydramine, chlorphenoxamine, and embramine, among other drugs. Clofenetamine was discovered by Searle in the 1940s and was first described in the literature by 1956.