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Francisco Macedo (born at Coimbra, Portugal, 1596; died Padua, 1 May 1681), known as S. Augustino, was a Portuguese Franciscan theologian.
He entered the Jesuit Order in 1610, which however he left in 1638 in order to join the Discalced Augustinians. These also he left in 1648, for the Franciscans. In Portugal he sided with the House of Braganza.
Summoned to Rome by Pope Alexander VII, he taught theology at the College of the Propaganda, and afterwards church history at the Sapienza, and as consultor to the Inquisition. At Venice in 1667, during the week beginning 26 September, he held a public disputation, against all comers, on nearly every branch of human knowledge, especially the Bible, theology, patrology, history, law, literature, and poetry. He named this disputation, in his quaint and extravagant style, "Leonis Marci rugitus litterarii" (the literary roaring of the Lion of St. Mark); this obtained for him the freedom of the city of Venice and the professorship of moral philosophy at the University of Padua.
Rather restless, but a man of enormous erudition, he wrote a number of books, of which over 100 appeared in print, and about thirty are still unprinted. They included:
Controversiae selectae contra haereticos" (Rome, 1663)
He also took an active part in the Jansenist controversy, being at first inclined to Jansenism; but afterwards he defended Augustine of Hippo's teaching with regard to grace.
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Giles of Rome O.S.A. was a medieval philosopher and Scholastic theologian and a friar of the Order of St Augustine, who was also appointed to the positions of prior general of his order and as Archbishop of Bourges. He is famed as being a logician, who produced a commentary on the Organon by Aristotle, and as the author of two important works: De ecclesiastica potestate, a major text of early-14th-century papalism, and De regimine principum, a guide book for Christian temporal leadership. Giles was styled Doctor Fundatissimus by Pope Benedict XIV.
Scotism is the philosophical school and theological system named after John Duns Scotus, a 13th-century Scottish philosopher-theologian. The word comes from the name of its originator, whose Opus Oxoniense was one of the most important documents in medieval philosophy and Roman Catholic theology, defining what would later be declared the dogma of the Immaculate Conception by Pope Pius IX in his constitution Ineffabilis Deus on 8 December 1854.
Giovanni Giocondo, Order of Friars Minor, was an Italian friar, architect, antiquary, archaeologist, and classical scholar.
Paul of Venice was a Catholic philosopher, theologian, logician and metaphysician of the Order of Saint Augustine.
Henry Noris, or Enrico Noris, was an Italian church historian, theologian and cardinal.
Marius Mercator was a Latin Christian ecclesiastical writer best known for his advocacy of Augustinian theology during the Pelagian controversy.
Mathias Hauzeur was a Belgian Franciscan theologian.
Bartholomew Mastrius was an Italian Conventual Franciscan philosopher and theologian.
Giovanni Maria Cornoldi was an Italian Jesuit academic, author, and preacher.
Celestino Sfondrati was an Italian Benedictine theologian, Prince-abbot of St. Gall and Cardinal.
Serafino Porrecta was an Italian Dominican theologian.
Jean Nicolaï was a French Dominican theologian and controversialist.
Nicholas Kalliakis was a Cretan Greek scholar and philosopher who flourished in Italy in the 17th century. He was appointed doctor of philosophy and theology in Rome, university professor of Greek and Latin and Aristotelian philosophy at Venice in 1666 and professor of belles-lettres and rhetoric at Padua in 1667.
Jan Morawski was a Jesuit, theological writer.
Raimondo Capizucchi was a Roman nobleman, Dominican friar, appointed a cardinal by Pope Innocent XI.
Johannes Rhagius Aesticampianus was a German theologian and humanist.
Pietro Leoni was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Verona (1691–1697) and Bishop of Ceneda (1667–1691).
Diego Álvarez was a Spanish theologian who opposed Molinism. He was archbishop of Trani from 1607 to his death.
Giuseppe Ciantes, O.P. (1602–1670) was a Roman Catholic prelate, hebraist and theologian who served as Bishop of Marsico Nuovo (1640–1656).
Henry James was an English clergyman and academic at the University of Cambridge, who served as President of Queens' College, Cambridge 1675–1717 and Regius Professor of Divinity 1699–1717.
