The Furen Literary Society,also known as the Chinese Patriotic Mutual Improvement Association,or the 'Furen Cultural Society Restoration Association (Foo Yan Man Ser Kwong Fook Hui)',was founded in Colonial Hong Kong in 1892.
It was founded by Yeung Ku-wan,together with Tse Tsan-tai and others,with Yeung as their leader. The guiding principles of the society were:"Open up the people's minds" (Chinese:開通民智) and "Ducit Amor Patriae" (盡心愛國;'Love your country with all your heart'). Other tenets were:
To purify the character in the highest possible degree
To prohibit indulgences in the vices of the world
To set an example for future young Chinese
To improve in all possible ways Chinese and foreign knowledge both in a civil and a military point of view
To obtain a good knowledge of western science and learning:and
To learn how to be and act as a patriot and how to wipe out the unjust wrong our country has suffered.
In November 1894,Sun Yat-sen founded the Revive China Society in Honolulu,Hawaii,and,in 1895,the Furen Literary Society was merged into the Hong Kong chapter of the Revive China Society,with help from Yau Lit. Yeung Kui-wan and Sun became respectively President and Secretary of the Revive China Society.
A memorial park (Pak Tsz Lane Park) to the early revolutionists of the Furen Literary was opened in May,2011 - just in time for the centenary anniversary of the Xinhai Revolution,which realised the dreams of the members of the Furen Literary Society.
Members
The Society had 16 members,the details of whom 14 are known:
Hong Kong counts approximately 600 temples, shrines and monasteries. While Buddhism and Christianity are the most widely practiced religions, most religions are represented in the Special Administrative Region.
Sheung Wan is an area in Hong Kong, located in the north-west of Hong Kong Island, between Central and Sai Ying Pun. Administratively, it is part of the Central and Western District. The name can be variously interpreted as Upper District, or Gateway District.
North Point is a mixed-use urban area in the Eastern District of Hong Kong. Located in the northeastern part of Hong Kong Island, the area is named after a cape between Causeway Bay and Tsat Tsz Mui that projects toward Kowloon Bay.
Kat O also named Crooked Island, is an island in Northeast Hong Kong.
The Hsing Chung Hui, translated as the Revive China Society (興中會), the Society for Regenerating China, or the Proper China Society was founded by Sun Yat-sen on 24 November 1894 to forward the goal of establishing prosperity for China and as a platform for future revolutionary activities. It was formed during the First Sino-Japanese War, after a string of Chinese military defeats exposed corruption and incompetence within the imperial government of the Qing dynasty. The Revive China Society went through several political re-organizations in later years and eventually became the party known as the Kuomintang. As such, the contemporary Kuomintang considers its founding date to be the establishment of Revive China Society.
The Sai Kung Peninsula is a peninsula in the easternmost part of the New Territories in Hong Kong. Its name comes from Sai Kung Town in the central southern area of the peninsula. The southern part of the peninsula is administered by Sai Kung District, the north by Tai Po District and the northwest by Sha Tin District.
Quarry Bay is an area beneath Mount Parker in the Eastern District of Hong Kong Island, in Hong Kong. Quarry Bay is bordered by Sai Wan Ho to the east, Mount Parker to the south, North Point to the west, and Victoria Harbour to the north.
Tsuen Wan is a town built on a bay in the western New Territories of Hong Kong, opposite of Tsing Yi Island across Rambler Channel. The market town of Tsuen Wan emerged from the surrounding villages and fleets of fishing boats in the area. The now-crowded city is around the present-day Tsuen Wan station of the MTR. Its coastline was further extended through land reclamation.
Articles related to Hong Kong include:
The following shows the Resettlement Housing estates in Tsz Wan Shan, Wong Tai Sin District, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
Yeung Ku-wan was a Chinese revolutionary of the late Qing dynasty. In 1890, Yeung started the Furen Literary Society in British Hong Kong to spread ideas of revolution against the Qing dynasty and to establish a republic in China. He became the first President of the Hong Kong Chapter of the Revive China Society in 1894 and was, with Sun Yat-sen, in charge of planning an uprising in Canton in 1895 and in Huizhou in 1900. Yeung was assassinated in 1901 in Hong Kong by an agent sent by the Qing government.
Tse Tsan-tai (Chinese: 謝纘泰 or 謝贊泰; pinyin: Xiè Zàntài; Sidney Lau: Je6 Juen2 Taai3; 16 May 1872 – 4 April 1938), courtesy name Sing-on (聖安), art-named Hong-yu (康如), was an Australian Chinese revolutionary, active during the late Qing dynasty. Tse had an interest in designing airships but none were ever constructed. His book The Chinese Republic: Secret History of the Revolution (中華民國革命秘史), published in 1924 by the South China Morning Post, of which he was co-founder, is an important source of studies on the anti-Qing revolution.
Yau Lit, born Yau Kwai-bok (尢季博), courtesy name Tui-hau (推孝) or Ling-kwai (令季), or Euclid Yau, was a Chinese revolutionary from Shuntak, Guangdong. He is one of the Four Bandits, together with Sun Yat-sen, Chan Siu-bak and Yeung Hok-ling.
Tsam Chuk Wan is a bay of the Sai Kung Peninsula in Hong Kong. By extension, it is also the name of the area around the bay. Tsam Chuk Wan Village (斬竹灣村) is one of the villages located within this area.
Pak Tsz Lane Park is a park in Central, Hong Kong, featuring a monument celebrating the late 19th-century revolutionary anti-Qing Dynasty activity of the members of the Furen Literary Society and the Hong Kong chapter of the Revive China Society. Leading members of these societies were Yeung Ku-wan (President), Sun Yat-sen and Tse Tsan-tai.
Li Ki-tong was a Hong Kong publisher and key financial backer of the revolutionary movement leading to the Xinhai Revolution which overthrew the Qing dynasty of China.
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