GZMM

GZMM
Available structures PDB Human UniProt search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 2ZGC, 2ZGH, 2ZGJ, 2ZKS
Identifiers
Aliases	GZMM , LMET1, MET1, granzyme M
External IDs	OMIM: 600311; MGI: 99549; HomoloGene: 21099; GeneCards: GZMM; OMA:GZMM - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 19 (human) [1] Band 19p13.3 Start 544,034 bp [1] End 549,924 bp [1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 10 (mouse) [2] Band 10 C1|10 39.72 cM Start 79,524,854 bp [2] End 79,531,095 bp [2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in granulocyte blood spleen lymph node appendix mucosa of transverse colon thymus cerebellar hemisphere right hemisphere of cerebellum bone marrow Top expressed in neural layer of retina muscle of thigh morula retinal pigment epithelium interventricular septum olfactory epithelium embryo embryo granulocyte blastocyst More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function peptidase activity serine-type peptidase activity endopeptidase activity serine-type endopeptidase activity hydrolase activity protein binding Cellular component extracellular region membrane Biological process innate immune response cell death cytolysis proteolysis immune system process apoptotic process T cell mediated cytotoxicity Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 3004 16904 Ensembl ENSG00000197540 ENSMUSG00000054206 UniProt P51124 n/a RefSeq (mRNA) NM_005317 NM_001258351 NM_008504 NM_001302485 NM_001302499 RefSeq (protein) NP_001245280 NP_005308 n/a Location (UCSC) Chr 19: 0.54 – 0.55 Mb Chr 10: 79.52 – 79.53 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Granzyme M is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GZMM gene. ^{[5] [6]}

Human natural killer (NK) cells and activated lymphocytes express and store a distinct subset of neutral serine proteases together with proteoglycans and other immune effector molecules in large cytoplasmic granules. These serine proteases are collectively termed granzymes and include 4 distinct gene products: granzyme A, granzyme B, granzyme H, and Met-ase, also known as granzyme M. ^[6]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000197540 – Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000054206 – Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Baker E, Sutherland GR, Smyth MJ (Apr 1994). "The gene encoding a human natural killer cell granule serine protease, Met-ase 1, maps to chromosome 19p13.3". Immunogenetics. 39 (4): 294–5. doi:10.1007/bf00188796. PMID   8119738. S2CID   33990020.
6. "Entrez Gene: GZMM granzyme M (lymphocyte met-ase 1)".

Further reading

• Smyth MJ, O'Connor MD, Trapani JA (1996). "Granzymes: a variety of serine protease specificities encoded by genetically distinct subfamilies". J. Leukoc. Biol. 60 (5): 555–62. doi:10.1002/jlb.60.5.555. PMID   8929545. S2CID   19732623.
• Pilat D, Fink T, Obermaier-Skrobanek B, et al. (1995). "The human Met-ase gene (GZMM): structure, sequence, and close physical linkage to the serine protease gene cluster on 19p13.3". Genomics. 24 (3): 445–50. doi:10.1006/geno.1994.1651. PMID   7713495.
• Smyth MJ, Sayers TJ, Wiltrout T, et al. (1994). "Met-ase: cloning and distinct chromosomal location of a serine protease preferentially expressed in human natural killer cells". J. Immunol. 151 (11): 6195–205. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.151.11.6195. PMID   8245461.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi: 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . PMC   139241 . PMID   12477932.
• Krenacs L, Smyth MJ, Bagdi E, et al. (2003). "The serine protease granzyme M is preferentially expressed in NK-cell, gamma delta T-cell, and intestinal T-cell lymphomas: evidence of origin from lymphocytes involved in innate immunity". Blood. 101 (9): 3590–3. doi: 10.1182/blood-2002-09-2908 . PMID   12506019.
• Kelly JM, Waterhouse NJ, Cretney E, et al. (2004). "Granzyme M mediates a novel form of perforin-dependent cell death". J. Biol. Chem. 279 (21): 22236–42. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M401670200 . PMID   15028722.
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC   528928 . PMID   15489334.
• Mahrus S, Kisiel W, Craik CS (2005). "Granzyme M is a regulatory protease that inactivates proteinase inhibitor 9, an endogenous inhibitor of granzyme B." J. Biol. Chem. 279 (52): 54275–82. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M411482200 . PMID   15494398.
• Lu H, Hou Q, Zhao T, et al. (2006). "Granzyme M directly cleaves inhibitor of caspase-activated DNase (CAD) to unleash CAD leading to DNA fragmentation". J. Immunol. 177 (2): 1171–8. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.177.2.1171 . PMID   16818775.