Central Java is a province of Indonesia, located in the middle of the island of Java. Its administrative capital is Semarang. It is bordered by West Java in the west, the Indian Ocean and the Special Region of Yogyakarta in the south, East Java in the east, and the Java Sea in the north. It has a total area of 32,548 km², with a population of 34,552,500 in mid 2019, making it the third-most populous province in both Java and Indonesia after West Java and East Java. The province also includes the island of Nusakambangan in the south, and the Karimun Jawa Islands in the Java Sea. Central Java is also a cultural concept that includes the Special Region and city of Yogyakarta. However, administratively the city and its surrounding regencies have formed a separate special region since the country's independence, and is administrated separately. Although known as the "heart" of Javanese culture, there are several other non-Javanese ethnic groups, such as the Sundanese on the border with West Java. Chinese Indonesians, Arab Indonesians, and Indian Indonesians are also scattered throughout the province.
Surakarta, known colloquially as Solo, is a city in Central Java, Indonesia. The 44 km2 city adjoins Karanganyar Regency and Boyolali Regency to the north, Karanganyar Regency and Sukoharjo Regency to the east and west, and Sukoharjo Regency to the south. On the eastern side of Solo lies Solo River. Its built-up area, consisting of Surakarta Municipality and 59 districts spread over seven regencies, was home to 3,649,254 inhabitants as of 2010 census.
Semarang is the capital and largest city of Central Java province in Indonesia. A major port during the Dutch colonial era, and still an important regional center and port today. The city has been named as the cleanest tourist destination in Southeast Asia by the ASEAN Clean Tourist City Standard (ACTCS) for 2020–2022.
Bojonegoro Regency is a regency in East Java, Indonesia, about 110 km west of Surabaya. It is located in the inland part of northern Java plain, on the banks of the Solo River, the longest river in Java.
Ci Liwung is a 119 km long river in the northwestern region of Java where it flows through two provinces, West Java and the special region of Jakarta. The natural estuary of the Ciliwung river, known as the Kali Besar, was an important strategic point for trade in the precolonial and colonial periods and was instrumental in the founding of the port city of Jakarta, but has been lost from reorganization of the watercourse of the rivers around the area into canals.
The Solo River is the longest river in the Indonesian island of Java, it is approximately 600 km (370 mi) in length. Apart from its importance as a watercourse to the inhabitants and farmlands of the eastern and northern parts of the island, it is a renowned region in paleoanthropology circles. Many discoveries of early hominid remains have been made at several sites in its valleys, especially at Sangiran, including that of the first early human fossil found outside of Europe, the so-called "Java Man" skull.
Pacitan is a regency located in the southwestern East Java Province, with Central Java Province on its west border. Located between 7.55° - 8.17°S and 110.55° - 111.25°E. The borders of Pacitan Regency are: Wonogiri Regency in the west, Ponorogo Regency and Wonogiri Regency in the north, Trenggalek Regency in the east, and Indian Ocean in the south. The capital of Pacitan Regency is Pacitan city. The majority of citizens in Pacitan speak Javanese as their first language, while speaking Indonesian as a second language.
Wonogiri Regency is a regency in the southeastern part of Central Java province in Indonesia. It covers an area of 1,822.36 km2, and its population according to the 2010 Census was 928,904; the latest official estimate is 957,106.
Gunungkidul Regency is a regency in the southeast part of the province of Yogyakarta Special Region, Indonesia. It is located on the island of Java. The regency is bordered by the Sleman Regency to the north west, Bantul Regency to the west, the Indian Ocean to the south, Wonogiri Regency to the east and Klaten Regency to the north. It covers an area of 1,485.36 km2 and had a population of 675,382 at the 2010 Census; the most recent official estimate is 736 ,210.
Sukoharjo Regency is a regency in the Central Java province in Indonesia. It covers an area of 466.77 km2 and had a population of 824,238 at the 2010 Census; the latest official estimate is 891,912. Its capital is Sukoharjo, about 10 km south from Surakarta. This regency is bordered by the city of Surakarta in the north, Karanganyar Regency in the east, Wonogiri Regency and Yogyakarta in the south as well as Klaten Regency in the west. The regency is part of the metropolitan zone of Surakarta, which is known as Subosukawonosraten.
For the capital of this regency see Brebes, Brebes
Sragen Regency is a regency in the eastern part of Central Java province in Indonesia. It covers an area of 941.56 km2 and had a population of 858,266 at the 2010 Census; the latest official estimate is 890,518. Its capital is the town of Sragen, located about 30 km to the northeast of Surakarta. Sragen is bordered with East Java Province to the east.
The Citarum River is the longest and largest river in West Java, Indonesia. It is the third longest river in Java, after Bengawan Solo and Brantas. It has an important role in the life of the people of West Java, as it supports agriculture, water supply, fishery, industry, sewerage, and electricity for 25 million people. It has been noted for being considered one of the most polluted rivers in the world.
Serayu River is a river in Central Java, Indonesia, about 300 km southeast of the capital Jakarta.
The Jatigede Dam is an embankment dam on the Cimanuk River in Sumedang Regency, West Java, Indonesia. It is located 19 km (12 mi) east of the town of Sumedang. Construction on the dam began in 2008 and it was completed in 2015. The power station is expected to be commissioned in 2019. The primary purpose of the dam is irrigation but it will also provide for flood control, water supply and hydroelectric power generation. Water in the reservoir will be used to help irrigate 90,000 ha of farmland and the power station is expected to have a 110 MW capacity. The project has been become controversial, primarily due to the relocation of people in the future reservoir zone.
Sempor Dam is an embankment dam on the Sempor River in District Gombong, Kebumen, Central Java Province, Republic of Indonesia. In addition to being a tourist attraction Sempor Dam is a source of irrigation water for farmers. It helps irrigate thousands of paddy fields in the delta. It also provides for flood control and has a 1 MW hydroelectric power station at its base. Construction on the dam started in 1967 but in the same year water from flash floods over-topped it, causing the dam to fail on November 29, 1967. The wave of water killed 160 people in three towns, including Magelang. and delivered widespread damage to the area. Construction later restarted on the dam and it was completed in 1978. Its power station was later commissioned in 1980.
The Bili-Bili Dam is located in Gowa Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, on the Jeneberang River, about 30 km from the city of Makassar. It serves several purposes to include flood control, irrigation and hydroelectric power generation. The dam was constructed between 1991 and 1998.
The Madiun River is a river in East Java, Indonesia, about 500 km to the east of the capital Jakarta. It is the largest tributary of the Solo River. Its name indicates that it passes through the major city of Madiun, East Java, Indonesia. This river starts as a number of smaller tributaries converging near the city of Ponorogo, in particular the Kali Slahung, Kali Keyang and Kali Sungkur. It eventually converges with the Solo River near the city of Ngawi.
Ci Tanduy is a river in the island of Java, Indonesia, about 270 km to the southeast of the capital Jakarta. It flows from West Java to Central Java province, exiting through the Bay of Citanduy to the Indian Ocean, forming a delta called "Muara Citanduy."
Kedung Ombo Reservoir is one of the major reservoirs in Indonesia. It is located on the border of three regencies in Central Java Province namely Grobogan Regency, Sragen Regency and Boyolali Regency precisely in District Geyer, Grobogan District. The main dam of Kedungombo Reservoir is located on the border of Rambat Village and Juworo Village, Geyer Sub-District, Grobogan District. This reservoir uses Serang River as its main source of water for a moment with the Uter / Sungai Kombo / Banjaran River. Other water sources are supplied from several large and small rivers that supply water to Kedungombo Reservoir, including Braholo River, Central River, Nglanji River, Tapen River and Sambas River.
