Geisha (band)

Last updated

Geisha
Geisha in August 1985.png
Geisha in August 1985
Standing L-R: John Nyman, Donoghue Doheny, Peter Robertson, Ken Sheppard
Sitting: Chris Doheny
Background information
Also known asGeisha Detail
Origin Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Genres Pop rock, glam rock, New Romantics
Years active1983 (1983)–1988 (1988), 1998, 2007 (2007)–present
Labels EMI, Diamond Dog, Almacantar
MembersChris Doheny
Tom Hosie
Alby Stefani
Past membersDonoghue Doheny
John Nyman
Peter Robertson
Ken Sheppard
Bret Luton
Laurence Maddick
Rob Dean
Joe Matera

For the Danish heavy metal band, see Geisha.

Geisha are an Australian pop rock band, which formed in 1983 as Geisha Detail with founding mainstay Chris Doheny on lead vocals and guitar (later also on bass guitar). Their highest-charting single, "Part Time Love Affair" (1986), peaked at No. 24 on the Australian Kent Music Report Singles Chart. They issued two albums, Geisha (August 1985) and Midnight to Dawn (October 1987), before disbanding in mid 1988. Geisha briefly reformed in April 1998 and released a compilation album, The Very Best of Geisha, late that year. Australian musicologist Ian McFarlane described their style as "1970s glam rock and early 1980s English New Romantic bands such as Duran Duran and Spandau Ballet". Another version of Geisha was established by Doheny in 2007.

Contents

History

Formation as Geisha Detail, name change and "Fool's Way" (1983-1985)

In late 1983, Geisha were formed in Melbourne as Geisha Detail with Chris Doheny on lead vocals and guitar; Ken Sheppard on lead guitar and backing vocals & John Nyman on keyboards. The next year in 1984, Chris' younger brother Donoghue Doheny, on bass guitar; and Peter Robertson on drums joined the band. [1] They shortened their name to Geisha and signed with EMI Records. [1] Australian musicologist, Ian McFarlane, described their style as "1970s glam rock and early 1980s English New Romantic bands such as Duran Duran and Spandau Ballet". [1] In February 1985 the group released their debut single, "Fool's Way", which appeared on the Australian Kent Music Report Singles Chart. [2] It was produced by Dave Marett (The Exponents) and was written by Chris Doheny. [3] [4]

Geisha (1985)

Geisha filming a music video for "Rainy Day" (1985) Geisha during shooting for Rainy Day MV.png
Geisha filming a music video for "Rainy Day" (1985)

Later that year from May to June they recorded their self-titled debut album "Geisha" with Peter Dawkins (Dragon, Australian Crawl and Air Supply) producing and Richard Lush engineering. [1] [5] They released another single "Rainy Day" in July 1985, which was written by Chris Doheny and Ken Sheppard. Their self-titled debut album "Geisha" was released in August 1985, which also includes a cover from The Beatles' "Come Together". In October of that year, Geisha released their third single "Kabuki". [2] Their singles sold well in the local market – "Kabuki" reached No. 20 on the Melbourne charts – as they had developed popularity on the suburban pub circuit. [1] Nationally they had less chart success, where "Kabuki" reached the top 50. [2] That song appeared on Countdown, which was Geisha's first ever Countdown performance.

Re-Release of "Rainy Day", first lineup change, "Part Time Love Affair" and "Girl Like You" (1986)

In March 1986 Geisha re-released "Rainy Day". However, by the mid year, John Nyman, Chris' brother Donoghue Doheny & Peter Robertson all left the band. In July, They had become a three-piece, with Chris Doheny (Now with playing bass at that time) and Ken Sheppard joined by Bret Luton (ex-Dance Park) on drums. Their next single "Part Time Love Affair" was released in August 1986, which reached No. 24 on the Kent Music Report and No. 3 on the Melbourne charts, which was Geisha's high charting single. [1] [2] In September 1986, Geisha along with Painters and Dockers played in different train stations titled Rockin' The Rails. Around late September or early October in that year, they recorded "Normal People" (Which was later released the next year of October 1987) and "Girl Like You". Both of those songs are composed by Chris Doheny and Ken Sheppard. "Girl Like You" was issued in November 1986 as an EP release, which also charted nationally. [2] [1]

Midnight To Dawn, second lineup change and breakup (1987-1988)

Geisha in July 1987 (From L-R: Ken Sheppard, Bret Luton, Chris Doheny) Geisha in July 1987 (From L-R- Ken Sheppard, Bret Luton, Chris Doheny).png
Geisha in July 1987 (From L-R: Ken Sheppard, Bret Luton, Chris Doheny)

Around March–April 1987, Geisha recorded their second album "Midnight To Dawn". In July 1987, they released their sixth single, "Calling Your Name", which reached the top 100, but never made it to the top 50. [2] In late August, co-founder and long-time guitarist Ken Sheppard and drummer Bret Luton left the band. In September of that year, former Japan guitarist Rob Dean joined on guitar and former James Freud and Radio Stars/Berlin drummer Tom Hosie joined on drums, which both of them replaced by Ken Sheppard and Bret Luton. On that month, "Normal People" [1] [2] was released and followed in late October with the release of their second album, Midnight to Dawn. The album's tracks were produced by David Courtney except "Normal People" by Kevin Beamish and "Part Time Love Affair" by band members. [6] By November 1987, Geisha released "Never Tell You Why", which never charted. By the early of 1988, Geisha were now a four piece of Chris Doheny (Now back with bass guitar), Rob Dean, Laurence Maddick and Tom Hosie before they officially broke up in mid 1988. [1]

Post break-up, Chris Doheny's More Than A Game & briefly reunion (1988-1998)

After Geisha disbanded, Chris Doheny wrote for notable Australian Acts such as Daryl Braithwaite, which Chris Doheny wrote 'In My Life" (That would have been feature for Geisha's lost third album "No Second Prize" that Chris originally recorded in December 1987) for Braithwaite's comeback album Edge in 1988; James Blundell, and Lee Kernaghen. In late 1989, Chris Doheny was a touring bassist for Sweden band Roxette (Who came to Australia when their 1988 singles "Dressed for Success" and "Listen to Your Heart" were in the Australia charts) for Australia TV performances. In 1990, Chris Doheny formed All the Young Dudes with Pierre Gigliotti (ex-Pseudo Echo) and released a mini-album in 1991. In 1993, Chris Doheny formed his hard rock project, Dragonfly, with Craig Harnath (ex-Kids in the Kitchen, Chocolate Starfish), and released two extended plays, River of Love and Black Money. In 1994, Doheny provided lead vocals for "More Than a Game", the opening theme song for Nine Network TV program The Footy Show , [1] [7] which charted in the top 60 of the ARIA Singles Chart, [8] [9] becoming his first appearance on Australian charts as a solo artist. In September 1997, he released a solo single, "Can You Hear the Rain" (Roadshow Music). [1] In April 1998, Geisha temporarily reformed with the 1984-1986 line-up (Chris and Donoghue Doheny, Ken Sheppard, John Nyman, and Peter Robertson) for a live performance at The Mercury Lounge at Crown Casino in July of that year, and EMI Records released a compilation album, The Very Best of Geisha, in August. [1] [10] [11]

Later years, Geisha's lost third album No Second Prize and new lineup (2005-2009)

In 2005, Chris Doheny performed acoustic versions of Geisha material on Chartbusting 80s on Melbourne TV station Channel 31. [12] From February in the following year, he began work on an album, Acoustic Memoirs of Geisha, at his own Dragon Lair Studio. [12] It was produced and mixed at Lincoln Road Studios by Bill Kio. [12] The album appeared in September on Doheny's independent label, Diamond Dog Records, [13] [14] [15] and in the US on Almacantar Records. [12] The next month, Chris Doheny and Friends performed Geisha material. [12] In the same year, Doheny supervised the release of another Geisha album, No Second Prize, which had been recorded in 1988 and which would have been their third Geisha album at that time. In 2007, he formed a new line-up of Geisha with Joe Matera on guitar. [16] [17] [18] I Heart Guitar's Peter Hodgson reviewed a March 2010 gig: "Matera’s playing is obviously informed by the great 70s guitar gods" whereas "[Doheny's] tone delved a little further back in music history, to London in the 60s", and Hodgson was "particularly impressed by Doheny’s vocal power". [16]

Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow, Matera's leave, Dysphasia and later works (2010-present)

In January 2010, Geisha released another compilation album, Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow, which provided two singles, "Birthday" (previously an iTunes release) and the double-A sided "Mystery Writer" / "Sgt. Peppers Lonely Hearts Club Band". Two additional tracks are cover versions of Small Faces' "Tin Soldier" and The Beatles' "Come Together". In late 2010, Matera left the group to focus on his solo career. In 2011, the Geisha line-up of Doheny on vocals, guitar and bass guitar; Tom Hosie on drums (previously in the 1987 line-up); and Alby Stefani on bass guitar, guitar and keyboards; recorded material for a proposed new studio album, Dysphasia. The lead single, "Sailing", was issued in July 2011. [19] According to Chris Doheny's website, the album was due before Christmas in 2011. [19] Early in 2012, Doheny released a solo single, a cover of Foo Fighters' "Times Like These".

Members

Current members

Former members

Discography

Studio albums

List of studio albums, with selected details and chart positions
TitleAlbum detailsPeak chart
positions
AUS
[2]
Geisha
  • Released: 26 August 1985
  • Label: EMI (EMX 430031)
  • Format: LP, cassette
77
Midnight to Dawn
  • Released: 26 October 1987
  • Label: EMI (EMX 430057)
  • Format: LP, cassette, CD
71
No Second Prize
  • Released: 2007 (Recorded in 1988)
  • Format: CD
  • Label: Almacantar (AR-3723)

Compilation albums

List of compilation albums, with selected details
TitleDetails
The Very Best of Geisha
  • Released: August 1998
  • Format: CD
  • Label: EMI (72434956692 7)
Demo Sessions 84-85
  • Released: 2006
  • Format: CD
  • Label: Almacantar (AR-3723)
Acoustic Memoirs of Geisha
  • Released: 2006
  • Format: CD
  • Label: Almacantar (AR-5357)
Demo Sessions 86-87
  • Released: 2007
  • Format: CD
  • Label: Almacantar (AR-4657)
Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow
  • Released: 2010
  • Format: CD
  • Label: Diamond Dogs (DDR 1011)

Singles

List of singles, with selected chart positions
TitleYearPeak chart positionsAlbum
AUS
[2] [20]
"Fool's Way"/"Heartfall"198553Geisha
"Rainy Day"/"Not the Same"95
"Kabuki"/"Moving to the Rhythm"42
"Rainy Day (Remix)"/"Night Games"198659Non-album single
"Part Time Love Affair"/"Twilight Love"24Non-album single

which was later re-recorded for Midnight to Dawn

"Girl Like You"/"Part Time Love Affair"62Non-album single
"Calling Your Name"/"Don't Come Knocking After Midnight"198757Midnight to Dawn
"Normal People"/"Paranoid Street"92
"Never Tell You Why"/"Shining Star"
"Nobody's Angel" (Recorded in 1988)2006No Second Prize
"No Second Prize" (Recorded in 1988)2007
"Birthday"2009Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow
"Mystery Writer"/"Sgt Peppers Lonely Hearts Club Band"2010
"Tin Soldier"
"Sailing"2011Dysphasia

Chris Doheny singles

List of singles, with selected chart positions
TitleYearPeak chart positions
AUS
[21] [8]
"More Than a Game"199454
"Can You Hear the Rain"1997
"Times Like These"2012

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Men at Work</span> Australian rock band

Men at Work are an Australian rock band formed in Melbourne in 1978 and best known for breakthrough hits such as "Down Under", "Who Can It Be Now?", "Be Good Johnny", "Overkill", and "It's a Mistake". Its founding member and frontman is Colin Hay, who performs on lead vocals and guitar. After playing as an acoustic duo with Ron Strykert during 1978–1979, Hay formed the group with Strykert playing bass guitar and Jerry Speiser on drums. They were soon joined by Greg Ham on flute, saxophone and keyboards, and John Rees on bass guitar, with Strykert switching back to lead guitar. The group was managed by Russell Depeller, a friend of Hay, whom he met at La Trobe University. This line-up achieved national and international success during the early to mid-1980s.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Blood, Sweat & Tears</span> American rock music band

Blood, Sweat & Tears is an American jazz rock music group founded in New York City in 1967, noted for a combination of brass with rock instrumentation. BS&T has gone through numerous iterations with varying personnel and has encompassed a wide range of musical styles. Their sound has merged rock, pop and R&B/soul music with big band jazz.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">The Saints (Australian band)</span> Australian rock band

The Saints were an Australian rock band formed in Brisbane, Queensland in 1973. Founded by singer-songwriter Chris Bailey, drummer Ivor Hay, and guitarist-songwriter Ed Kuepper, they originally employed fast tempos, raucous vocals and a "buzzsaw" guitar sound that helped initiate punk rock in Australia and identified them with the greater international movement.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Air Supply</span> British-Australian soft rock group

Air Supply are a soft rock duo formed in Melbourne, Australia, in 1975, consisting of Englishman Graham Russell and Australian Russell Hitchcock (vocals). They had a succession of hits worldwide, including eight top-five hits on the US Billboard Hot 100, "Lost in Love" (1979), "All Out of Love", "Every Woman in the World", "The One That You Love", "Here I Am", "Sweet Dreams", "Even the Nights Are Better" and "Making Love Out of Nothing at All" (1983). In Australia, they had four top ten placements with "Love and Other Bruises" (1976), "All Out of Love", "Every Woman in the World" and "The One That You Love". Their highest charting studio album, The One That You Love (1981) reached number ten in both Australia and the US. The group, which relocated to Los Angeles in the late 1970s, has included many members, with Hitchcock and Russell at the core. The Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) inducted Air Supply into their Hall of Fame on 1 December 2013, at the annual ARIA Awards.

Pseudo Echo are an Australian new wave band that were formed in 1982 by Brian Canham, Pierre Gigliotti, and Tony Lugton (keyboards). Later members included Anthony Argiro (drums), James Leigh (keyboards), and Vince Leigh (drums). In the 1980s, Pseudo Echo had multiple Australian top 20 hits with "Listening", "A Beat for You", "Don't Go", "Love an Adventure", and "Living in a Dream". Their 1986 cover of "Funky Town" was an international success, peaking at No. 1 in Australia and New Zealand and becoming a top ten hit in Sweden, Canada, the United States, and in the United Kingdom.

Schnell Fenster were a New Zealand rock band formed in Melbourne, Australia in 1986 by Noel Crombie on drums and percussion, Nigel Griggs on bass guitar and backing vocals, Phil Judd on lead vocals and guitar, and Eddie Rayner on keyboards and piano – who were all former members of New Zealand-formed rock group, Split Enz. Fellow founder, Michael den Elzen on lead guitar had worked with Tim Finn Band, another band formed by a Split Enz alumnus. Judd's band were briefly named The Wanx: but Rayner soon left and they changed their name to faux-German for "quick window", because it "appealed to [their] perversity". The group formed the core members of Noel's Cowards, a short-term ensemble, whose sole output was six tracks for the soundtrack of a feature film, Rikky and Pete, in 1988. Schnell Fenster released two studio albums, The Sound of Trees (1988) and Ok Alright a Huh Oh Yeah (1990), before disbanding in 1992. At the ARIA Music Awards of 1989 they were nominated for Breakthrough Artist – Album for The Sound of Trees, Breakthrough Artist – Single for "Whisper" and Best Cover Art for Judd's graphic art.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">The Chills</span> New Zealand rock band

The Chills are a New Zealand rock band that formed in Dunedin in 1980. The band are fronted by founding mainstay singer-songwriter, guitarist Martin Phillipps. During the mid-1990s they were billed as Martin Phillipps & the Chills. Their top ten studio albums in their homeland are Submarine Bells (1990), Soft Bomb (1992), Snow Bound (2018) and Scatterbrain (2021). The Chills were a cult band in other parts of the world as one of the earliest proponents of the Dunedin sound. Their top 20 singles are "Pink Frost", "Doledrums", "I Love My Leather Jacket" (1986), "Heavenly Pop Hit" (1990) and "Male Monster from the Id" (1992).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jag Panzer</span> American power metal band

Jag Panzer is an American power metal band from Colorado Springs, Colorado.

White Heart, also listed as Whiteheart, was an American contemporary Christian music and pop-rock band which formed in 1982. White Heart's discography includes thirteen albums, the most recent of which was released in 1997. Original members Billy Smiley and Mark Gersmehl worked with a continually changing cast of bandmates. In 1985, former roadie Rick Florian became the lead singer.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">The Cross (band)</span> British rock band

The Cross were an English rock band formed in 1987 by Queen drummer Roger Taylor.

Avion were an Australian 1980s pop rock band formed in 1981, originally named Lionheart, the line-up was Evan Murray on keyboards, Martyn Toole on guitar, and three brothers: John Waller on drums, Kendall Waller on bass guitar and Randall Waller on lead vocals and lead guitar. The group issued two albums, Avion (1983) and White Noise (1987). Late in 1987, Murray died in a car accident and the group disbanded. According to Australian rock music historian, Ian McFarlane, the group had "a strong cult following ... [with their] brand of melodic, American-influenced Adult Oriented Rock ... [but] met with virtual indifference at home".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chicken Shack</span> English blues band

Chicken Shack are a British blues band, founded in the mid-1960s by Stan Webb, Andy Silvester, and Alan Morley (drums), who were later joined by Christine Perfect in 1967. Chicken Shack has performed with various line-ups, Stan Webb being the only constant member.

Little Heroes were an Australian band formed in 1980, by founding mainstay Roger Hart on lead vocals and guitar. They released three studio albums, Little Heroes, Play by Numbers and Watch the World. Their highest charting hit, "One Perfect Day", which was released in 1982, reached No. 12 on the Kent Music Report Singles Chart. Their other charting singles are "Young Hearts" (1982), "Watch the World" and "Bon Voyage". They disbanded in June 1984.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">House of Lords (band)</span> American rock band

House of Lords is an American rock band based in Connecticut, with members in New Jersey and Florida.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">The Greg Kihn Band</span> American rock band

The Greg Kihn Band is an American band that was started by frontman Greg Kihn and bassist Steve Wright. Their most successful singles include "The Breakup Song " and "Jeopardy". The band's musical style and genres comprise rock, pop rock and power pop.

The Allniters are a Sydney-based Australian ska pop band, founded in 1980. Original line-up was Ted Ayers on sax, Dave Bebb on drums, Stuart Crysell on guitar, Martin Fabok on guitar, Peter Hill-Travis on vocals, Graham Hood on bass guitar, Brett Pattinson on vocals and Mark Taylor on keyboards. Numerous changes occurred in band members with Fabok, Hill-Travis and Pattinson common to almost all line-ups.

Venetians were an Australian synthpop act formed in 1982 by English-born Rik Swinn on lead vocals, who enlisted Matthew Hughes on keyboards ; Tim Powles on drums ; Dave Skeet on guitar, bass guitar, synthesiser and vocals; and Peter Watson on guitar, bass guitar, synthesiser and vocals. They issued three studio albums, Step Off the Edge, Calling in the Lions and Amazing World (1988). They had top 30 hit singles in Australia with "So Much for Love", "Inspiration" and "Bitter Tears". Swinn disbanded the group in 1989.

Stylus were an Australian blue-eyed soul group formed in 1975. They were the only Australian act to be released by Motown Records in the USA. Stylus toured supporting George Benson, Average White Band, Ike & Tina Turner, and Little River Band. According to rock music historian, Ian McFarlane, Stylus "scored a number of hit singles and became very popular on the Australian pub and concert circuit". The group disbanded in 1979 and subsequently had various reunions. In 1998-99 Japan's Toshiba-EMI re-issued three Stylus albums on CDs. Their reunions have resulted in a live album, Still Alive (2003); and a new studio album, Across Time (2010).

Graham Leslie "Buzz" Bidstrup is an Australian musician, songwriter, music producer and talent manager. He was a member of the Angels (1976–1981), the Party Boys (1983–1984) and Gang Gajang. He has managed Jimmy Little, Nathan Cavaleri and Diana Ah Naid. He was the CEO of the Jimmy Little Foundation from 2005 to 2015 and is the founder and Managing Director of associated Uncle Jimmy Thumbs Up Ltd.

Dear Enemy was an Australian indie pop band formed in Melbourne in 1980. The band released a studio album, Ransom Note, in 1984 on EMI and Capitol Records that featured its best known single, "Computer One", a No. 15 hit on the Australian Kent Music Report Singles Chart in January 1984. "Computer One" also reached #59 on the Billboard US Mainstream Rock chart in March, 1984. Dear Enemy disbanded in 1988.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 McFarlane, Ian (1999). "Encyclopedia entry for 'Geisha'". Encyclopedia of Australian Rock and Pop . St Leonards, NSW: Allen & Unwin. ISBN   1-86508-072-1. Archived from the original on 29 August 2004. Retrieved 5 July 2013.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Kent, David (1993). Australian Chart Book 1970–1992 . St Ives, NSW: Australian Chart Book Ltd. ISBN   0-646-11917-6. Note: Used for Australian Singles and Albums charting from 1974 until Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) created their own charts in mid-1988.
  3. "Fool's Way" (Media notes). Geisha. EMI Records. 1985. EMI 1456.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
  4. "'Fool's Way' at APRA search engine". Australasian Performing Right Association (APRA). Retrieved 5 July 2013.[ permanent dead link ]
  5. Geisha; Lush, Richard; Dawkins, Peter; Doheny, Chris; Doheny, Donoghue; Sheppard, Ken; Nyman, John; Robertson, Peter (1985), Geisha, EMI Records Australia. National Library of Australia , retrieved 5 July 2013, Credits: Produced by Peter Dawkins for The Giant Production Co. Performer: Chris Doheny, vocals; Donoghue Doheny, bass; Ken Sheppard, guitar; John Nyman, keyboards; Peter Robertson, drums. Notes: EMI: EMX-430031. Engineered by Richard Lush. Recorded and digitally mixed at Studios 301, May and June 1985.
  6. Midnight to Dawn (Media notes). Geisha. EMI Records. 1987. EMX 430057.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
  7. "'More Than a Game' at APRA search engine". Australasian Performing Right Association (APRA). Retrieved 5 July 2013.[ permanent dead link ]
  8. 1 2 Savage, Grant (20 December 2012). "Top Singles of 1994". Australian Charts Portal. Hung Medien (Steffen Hung). Archived from the original on 5 July 2013. Retrieved 5 July 2013.
  9. Silver, Harvey (December 1997). Behind The Footy Show. cartoons by Andrew Fyfe. Five Mile Press (published 1997). ISBN   978-1-86463-159-3.
  10. Stewart, Paul (26 July 1998). "Geisha's second coming". Sunday Herald Sun . Herald & Weekly Times (News Corp).
  11. Adams, Cameron (23 July 1998). "Q&A with Chris Doheny (Geisha)". Herald Sun . Herald & Weekly Times (News Corp).
  12. 1 2 3 4 5 Cashmere, Paul (14 September 2006). "Vintage Geisha and New Doheny Released in USA". Undercover (Paul Cashmere, Ros O'Gorman). Archived from the original on 17 May 2008. Retrieved 7 July 2013.
  13. "Going back to '80s". Progress Leader. 17 October 2006.
  14. Frederick, Matthew (20 October 2006). "Doing a Kerouac to Kyneton". The Age .
  15. Adams, Cameron; Sutherland, Claire; Johnson, Neala (26 October 2006). "Memoirs of '80s Geisha". Herald Sun . Herald & Weekly Times (News Corp).
  16. 1 2 Hodgson, Peter (2 March 2010). "Gig Review: Geisha @ SpensersLive, Melbourne". I Heart Guitar. Peter Hodgson. Archived from the original on 31 January 2011. Retrieved 7 July 2013.
  17. Eliezer, Christie (March 2009). "Geisha". Beat Magazine.
  18. Dowling, James (29 July 2008). "Geisha's intimate stage". Progress Leader.
  19. 1 2 Doheny, Chris (31 July 2011). "Geisha News: New Single 'Sailing' Is Out Now!". Chris Doheny Official Website. Archived from the original on 21 November 2012. Retrieved 6 July 2013.
  20. Ryan (bulion), Gary (20 February – 31 March 2010). "1985 (ARIA Charts: Special Occasion Charts)". Australian Charts Portal. Hung Medien (Steffen Hung). Archived from the original on 5 July 2013. Retrieved 5 July 2013.
  21. Ryan, Gavin (2011). Australia's Music Charts 1988–2010 (pdf ed.). Mt. Martha, VIC, Australia: Moonlight Publishing. p. 85.