GeoGebra

Last updated
GeoGebra
Developer(s) Markus Hohenwarter et al
Stable release 6.0.830 (5 March 2024 (2024-03-05)) [±]
Preview release (none) [1] [±]
Repository github.com/geogebra/geogebra
Written in Java, HTML5
Operating system Windows, macOS, ChromeOS, Linux; also a web app
Type Interactive geometry software
License GeoGebra License; [2] Non-commercial freeware; portions under GPL, CC-BY-NC-SA
Website geogebra.org

GeoGebra (a portmanteau of geometry and algebra) is an interactive geometry, algebra, statistics and calculus application, intended for learning and teaching mathematics and science from primary school to university level. GeoGebra is available on multiple platforms, with apps for desktops (Windows, macOS and Linux), tablets (Android, iPad and Windows) and web. It is presently owned by Indian edutech firm Byju's. [3]

Contents

History

GeoGebra's creator, Markus Hohenwarter, [4] started the project in 2001 as part of his master's thesis at the University of Salzburg. After a successful Kickstarter campaign, GeoGebra expanded its offering to include an iPad, an Android and a Windows Store app version. [5] In 2013, GeoGebra incorporated Bernard Parisse's Xcas [6] into its CAS view. [7] The project is now freeware (with open-source portions) and multi-lingual, and Hohenwarter continues to lead its development at the University of Linz.

GeoGebra includes both commercial and not-for-profit entities that work together from the head office in Linz, Austria, to expand the software and cloud services available to users.

In December 2021, GeoGebra was acquired by edtech conglomerate Byju's for approximately $100 million USD. [3]

On January 25, 2024, lenders began bankruptcy proceedings against GeoGebra's parent company Byju's in an effort to repay its loans. [8] On February 1, 2024, Byju's U.S. division filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in Delaware. Byju's would raise around $200 million in an effort to clear "immediate liabilities" and for other operational costs. [9]

Features

GeoGebra is an interactive mathematics software suite for learning and teaching science, technology, engineering, and mathematics from primary school up to the university level. Constructions can be made with points, vectors, segments, lines, polygons, conic sections, inequalities, implicit polynomials and functions, all of which can be edited dynamically later. Elements can be entered and modified using mouse and touch controls, or through an input bar. GeoGebra can store variables for numbers, vectors and points, calculate derivatives and integrals of functions, and has a full complement of commands like Root or Extremum. Teachers and students can use GeoGebra as an aid in formulating and proving geometric conjectures.

GeoGebra's main features are:

GeoGebra Materials platform

The GeoGebra Materials platform [11] is a cloud service that allows users to upload and share GeoGebra applets with others. GeoGebra Materials was originally launched as GeoGebraTube in June 2011, and was renamed in 2016. As of April 2016 the service hosts more than 1 million resources, 400,000+ of which are public. "Materials" include interactive worksheets, simulations, games and e-books created using GeoGebraBook.

GeoGebra Materials can be also exported in several formats, including SVG, Animated GIF, Windows Metafile, PNG, PDF and EPS, as well as copied directly to the clipboard. GeoGebra can also generate code for use in LaTeX files.

Licensing

Before version 4.2, GeoGebra was published under the GNU General Public License (GPL-3.0-or-later).

After version 4.2 the licensing was changed. [12] GeoGebra's source code, except the installers, web services, user interface image and style files, and documentation and language files, is licensed under the GNU General Public License (GPL-3.0-or-later). The installers and web services are released under GeoGebra's own proprietary license. User interface image and style files, and documentation and language files are published under the Creative Commons NonCommercial license (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0). Commercial use is subject to a special license and collaboration agreement. [13]

Since parts of GeoGebra not licensed under a GPL compatible license are required to build the program, [14] and since GeoGebra includes GPL licensed libraries, [15] some users, [16] [17] [18] including a maintainer of one of the libraries used by GeoGebra, [19] consider the license invalid. In response, [20] the International GeoGebra Institute, and GeoGebra's creator, Markus Hohenwarter, have provided a license FAQ. [21]

Community

The International GeoGebra Institute (IGI) is the nonprofit arm of the GeoGebra Group. The institute coordinates research, development, translation and deployment efforts of the GeoGebra system across a global network of user groups at universities and non-profit organizations, as well as provide certification to GeoGebra experts and trainers.

Awards

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Free software</span> Software licensed to be freely used, modified and distributed

Free software, libre software, or libreware is computer software distributed under terms that allow users to run the software for any purpose as well as to study, change, and distribute it and any adapted versions. Free software is a matter of liberty, not price; all users are legally free to do what they want with their copies of a free software regardless of how much is paid to obtain the program. Computer programs are deemed "free" if they give end-users ultimate control over the software and, subsequently, over their devices.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">GNU</span> Free software collection

GNU is an extensive collection of free software, which can be used as an operating system or can be used in parts with other operating systems. The use of the completed GNU tools led to the family of operating systems popularly known as Linux. Most of GNU is licensed under the GNU Project's own General Public License (GPL).

The Q Public License (QPL) is a non-copyleft license, created by Trolltech for its free edition of the Qt. It was used until Qt 3.0, as Trolltech toolkit version 4.0 was released under GPL version 2.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wget</span> Computer command line program.

GNU Wget is a computer program that retrieves content from web servers. It is part of the GNU Project. Its name derives from "World Wide Web" and "get". It supports downloading via HTTP, HTTPS, and FTP.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Electric Sheep</span> Volunteer computing screensaver

Electric Sheep is a volunteer computing project for animating and evolving fractal flames, which are in turn distributed to the networked computers, which display them as a screensaver.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ion (window manager)</span> Tiling and tabbing window manager

In Unix computing, Ion is a tiling and tabbing window manager for the X Window System. It is designed such that it is possible to manage windows using only a keyboard, without needing a mouse. It is the successor of PWM and is written by the same author, Tuomo Valkonen. Since the first release of Ion in the summer 2000, similar alternative window management ideas have begun to show in other new window managers: Larswm, ratpoison, StumpWM, wmii, xmonad and dwm.

The Debian Free Software Guidelines (DFSG) is a set of guidelines that the Debian Project uses to determine whether a software license is a free software license, which in turn is used to determine whether a piece of software can be included in Debian. The DFSG is part of the Debian Social Contract.

cdrtools is a collection of independent projects of free software/open source computer programs.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Debian–Mozilla trademark dispute</span> Mozilla-derived software for Debian like Iceweasel, Iceowl, etc.

In 2006, a branding issue developed when Mike Connor, representing the Mozilla Corporation, requested that the Debian Project comply with Mozilla standards for use of the Thunderbird trademark when redistributing the Thunderbird software. At issue were modifications not approved by the Mozilla Foundation, when the name for the software remained the same.

This comparison only covers software licenses which have a linked Wikipedia article for details and which are approved by at least one of the following expert groups: the Free Software Foundation, the Open Source Initiative, the Debian Project and the Fedora Project. For a list of licenses not specifically intended for software, see List of free-content licences.

The Sybase Open Watcom Public License is a software license that has been approved by the Open Source Initiative. It is the licence under which the Open Watcom C/C++ compiler is released.

The PHP License is the open-source license under which the PHP scripting language is released. The PHP License is designed to encourage widespread adoption of the source code. Redistribution is permitted in source or binary form with or without modifications, with some caveats.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">GNU IceCat</span> Firefox derivative recommending only free software

GNU IceCat, formerly known as GNU IceWeasel, is a completely free version of the Mozilla Firefox web browser distributed by the GNU Project. It is compatible with Linux, Windows, Android and macOS.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Free-software license</span> License allowing software modification and redistribution

A free-software license is a notice that grants the recipient of a piece of software extensive rights to modify and redistribute that software. These actions are usually prohibited by copyright law, but the rights-holder of a piece of software can remove these restrictions by accompanying the software with a software license which grants the recipient these rights. Software using such a license is free software as conferred by the copyright holder. Free-software licenses are applied to software in source code and also binary object-code form, as the copyright law recognizes both forms.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">GNU General Public License</span> Series of free software licenses

The GNU General Public License is a series of widely used free software licenses, or copyleft, that guarantee end users the four freedoms to run, study, share, and modify the software. The license was the first copyleft for general use, and was originally written by Richard Stallman, the founder of the Free Software Foundation (FSF), for the GNU Project. The license grants the recipients of a computer program the rights of the Free Software Definition. The licenses in the GPL series are all copyleft licenses, which means that any derivative work must be distributed under the same or equivalent license terms. It is more restrictive than the Lesser General Public License, and even further distinct from the more widely-used permissive software licenses BSD, MIT, and Apache.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">GNU Free Documentation License</span> Copyleft license primarily for free software documentation

The GNU Free Documentation License is a copyleft license for free documentation, designed by the Free Software Foundation (FSF) for the GNU Project. It is similar to the GNU General Public License, giving readers the rights to copy, redistribute, and modify a work and requires all copies and derivatives to be available under the same license. Copies may also be sold commercially, but, if produced in larger quantities, the original document or source code must be made available to the work's recipient.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Matthew Garrett</span> Irish computer programmer

Matthew Garrett is an Irish technologist, programmer, and free software activist who is a major contributor to a series of free software projects including Linux, GNOME, Debian, Ubuntu, and Red Hat. He has received the Free Software Award from the Free Software Foundation (FSF) for his work on Secure Boot, UEFI, and the Linux kernel.

The Server Side Public License (SSPL) is a source-available copyleft software license introduced by MongoDB Inc. in 2018.

References

  1. ↑ Versions – GeoGebra, dev.geogebra.org, retrieved 2014-09-14
  2. ↑ "GeoGebra License" . Retrieved 2022-01-11.
  3. 1 2 "Byju's acquires Austrian math co for $100mn".
  4. ↑ JKU | IDM » Markus Hohenwarter, Jku.at, 2013-06-13, archived from the original on 2016-09-17, retrieved 2013-08-29
  5. ↑ GeoGebra for tablets (iPad and Android), Kickstarter.com, retrieved 2013-08-29
  6. ↑ "Xcas | Semantic Scholar". www.semanticscholar.org. Retrieved 2022-02-27.
  7. ↑ Kovács, Zoltán; Parisse, Bernard [in French] (2013-11-25), Giac and GeoGebra: improved Gröbner basis computations (PDF), RICAM Institute, Linz, Austria, retrieved 2015-01-23
  8. ↑ "Lenders begin bankruptcy proceedings against India's Byju's". Reuters. January 25, 2024. Retrieved February 1, 2024.
  9. ↑ "Indian edtech Byju's US unit files for bankruptcy in Delaware". Yahoo! Finance. February 1, 2024. Retrieved February 1, 2024.
  10. ↑ "Classroom Resources". GeoGebra.
  11. ↑ GeoGebra Materials: http://www.geogebra.org/materials
  12. ↑ Giovanni Mascellani (29 May 2013). "Debian Bug report logs - #692728" (Mailing list). Following a closer inspection at the licensing terms GeoGebra authors use, I noticed that GeoGebra isn't free anymore, starting from version 4.2.
  13. ↑ "GeoGebra License" . Retrieved 15 July 2023.
  14. ↑ Giovanni Mascellani (29 May 2013). "Debian Bug report logs - #692728" (Mailing list). [...] at least the language files are required to build the program.
  15. ↑ "SourcesForUsedLibraries". Archived from the original on 9 March 2021.
  16. ↑ Stuart Prescott (16 Aug 2013). "Debian Bug report logs - #692728" (Mailing list).
  17. ↑ As of this edit, this article uses content from "Is Geogebra's "non-commercial only GPL3" license valid?" , which is licensed in a way that permits reuse under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, but not under the GFDL. All relevant terms must be followed.
  18. ↑ Hendrik Weimer (30 Jan 2014). "Debian Bug report logs - #692728" (Mailing list). However, if the language file carries a GPL-incompatible license (such as CC-BY-SA), the resulting product cannot be distributed in a legal way.
  19. ↑ Sylvestre Ledru (28 Jan 2014). "Debian Bug report logs - #692728" (Mailing list). Besides the fact that it seems invalid, it also ships Jlatexmath (which I co maintain) which is published under the GPL v2.
  20. ↑ Markus Hohenwarter (24 Sep 2013). "Debian Bug report logs - #692728" (Mailing list).
  21. ↑ "License FAQ". Archived from the original on 2017-02-28. Retrieved 2023-07-15.
  22. ↑ "MNU - Verband zur Förderung des MINT-Unterrichts - Auszeichnungen". www.mnu.de.
  23. ↑ "Microsoft announces 2015 Partner of the Year winners and finalists". Stories. June 2, 2015.
  24. ↑ "MERLOT Award Winner in Math: Geogebra | Online Learning Consortium, Inc". Archived from the original on 2017-05-23. Retrieved 2013-02-19.
  25. ↑ "The Tech Awards | Technology Benefiting Humanity". July 3, 2012. Archived from the original on 2012-07-03.
  26. ↑ "2008 CCA: Finalists".
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.