Georg von Schleinitz | |
---|---|
2nd Landeshauptmann of German New Guinea | |
In office 10 June 1886 –1 March 1888 | |
Preceded by | Gustav von Oortzen |
Succeeded by | Reinhold Kraetke |
Personal details | |
Born | 17 June 1834 Bromberg,Kingdom of Prussia |
Died | 12 December 1910 (aged 66) Detmold,Prussia,German Empire |
Military service | |
Allegiance | Kingdom of Prussia (1849–1871) German Empire (1871–1888) |
Branch/service | Prussian Navy |
Years of service | 1849–1888 |
Rank | Vice Admiral |
Battles/wars | Battle of Tres Forcas Austro-Prussian War Franco-Prussian War |
Georg von Schleinitz (17 June 1834 - 12 December 1910) was a Prussian explorer,naval officer,colonial administrator,and hydrographer who served as the colonial governor of German New Guinea from 1886 to 1888. He is the namesake of the Schleinitz Range of Papua New Guinea.
Georg von Schleinitz was born in Bromberg,Posen to Johann Eduard Christoph von Schleinitz (1798-1869) and Jeanette von Hippel (1804-1850). [1] He began his maritime career as a cabin boy on a trading brig before enlisting into the Prussian Navy in 1849. He served aboard the steamship Danzig,partaking in the Battle of Tres Forcas against the Barbary pirates in August of 1856. He then served aboard the ship Arcona for its 1860-62 voyage to East Asia. [2]
In 1874,Schleinitz was made commander of the frigate Gazelle,and embarked on an astronomical voyage to the Kerguelen Islands to study the Transit of Venus. He then traveled to the Pacific,naming the Gazelle Peninsula of New Guinea after his ship. In 1880,Schleinitz was appointed head of the Imperial German Navy's Hydrographical Office. He became Landeshauptleute of the German New Guinea colony on 10 June 1886. During his tenure as governor,Schleinitz employed many colonial subjects as laborers to work in the colony's developing cotton and coconut industries. [2] [3] In addition,he established several towns and established a colonial shipping service. He also embarked on several expeditions into New Guinea,including one up the Sepik River in 1887. The flowering plant genus Schleinitzia was named in his honor by German-Jewish botanist Otto Warburg in 1891. [4]
Schleinitz's term as governor of New Guinea ended on 1 March 1888,and shortly thereafter retired from naval service on account of poor health. He returned to Germany,continuing to publish papers in scientific journals. [2] He died in Detmold on 12 December 1910.
Reichskommissar,in German history,was an official governatorial title used for various public offices during the period of the German Empire and Nazi Germany.
German New Guinea consisted of the northeastern part of the island of New Guinea and several nearby island groups and was the first part of the German colonial empire. The mainland part of the territory,called Kaiser-Wilhelmsland,became a German protectorate in 1884. Other island groups were added subsequently. The Bismarck Archipelago,and the North Solomon Islands were declared a German protectorate in 1885. The Caroline Islands,Palau,and the Mariana Islands were bought from Spain in 1899. German New Guinea annexed the formerly separate German Protectorate of Marshall Islands,which also included Nauru,in 1906. German Samoa,though part of the German colonial empire,was not part of German New Guinea.
The Administration of West Prussia before 1919 consisted of the following officials:
A Generaloberst was the second-highest general officer rank in the German Reichswehr and Wehrmacht,the Austro-Hungarian Common Army,the East German National People's Army and in their respective police services. The rank was equal to a four-star full general but below a general field marshal. The rank was equivalent to a Generaladmiral in the Kriegsmarine until 1945 or to a Flottenadmiral in the Volksmarine until 1990. It was the highest ordinary military rank and the highest military rank awarded in peacetime;the higher rank of general field marshal was awarded only in wartime by the head of state. In general,a Generaloberst had the same privileges as a general field marshal.
The Ramu River is a major river in northern Papua New Guinea. The headwaters of the river are formed in the Kratke Range from where it then travels about 640 km (398 mi) northwest to the Bismarck Sea.
The Gazelle Peninsula is a large peninsula in northeastern East New Britain,Papua New Guinea located on the island of New Britain within the Bismarck Archipelago,situated in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. The Rabaul caldera is located on the northern tip of the peninsula. Upon the Gazelle Peninsula are the Baining Mountains,of which the highest point is Mount Sinewit at 2,063 m (6,768 ft). The Gazelle Peninsula houses Vulcan Crater and Mount Tavurvur,both of which conducted volcanic activity in the 20th and 21st centuries and have provided extremely fertile soils. The body of the Gazelle Peninsula is about 80 km (50 mi). The southern isthmus upon which the Gazelle Peninsula is connected to the main body of East New Britain is reduced to about 32 km (20 mi).
The Schleinitz Range is a mountain range in north-central part of New Ireland,Papua New Guinea. Highest point of the mountains is at 1,481 m. As are other mountain ranges in Papua New Guinea it is home to many rare species of fauna and flora and is highly biodiverse and covered in thick rainforest.
Bezirksamtmann is a German administrative title of gubernatorial or lower rank,roughly translating as equivalent to the British District Officer. It is derived from Bezirk ("district") + Amtmann ("official").
General of the Infantry is a former rank of the German army. It is currently an appointment or position given to an OF-8 rank officer,who is responsible for particular affairs of training and equipment of the Bundeswehr infantry.
General der Panzertruppe was a General of the branch OF8 rank of the German Army,introduced in 1935. A General der Panzertruppe was a Lieutenant General,above Major General (Generalleutnant),commanding a Panzer corps.
Schleinitz may refer to:
Events in the year 1888 in Germany,the 'Year of the Three Emperors'.
Julius Freiherr von Soden was a German colonial administrator and politician. He was the Governor of the colonies of Kamerun and German East Africa,and later became Chef de Cabinet and Foreign Minister of the King of Württemberg.
Johann Karl Emil Eduard Haber was a German mining engineer,civil servant and diplomat,who served as the last Governor of German New Guinea.
Events in the year 1886 in Germany.
Events in the year 1887 in Germany.
Cape Gazelle is a cape in East New Britain province,Papua New Guinea,located in the far north-east of the Gazelle Peninsula. The cape was named by Georg Gustav Freiherr von Schleinitz after his ship SMS Gazelle.
SMS Gazelle was an Arcona-class screw-driven frigate of the Prussian Navy built in the 1850s. The ship was laid down in 1855 at the Royal Dockyard in Danzig,launched on 19 December 1859,completed on 22 May 1861,and commissioned into the Navy almost a year later on 15 May 1862.
Albrecht von Rechenberg,Albrecht Freiherr von Rechenberg or Georg Albrecht Julius Heinrich Friedrich Carl Ferdinand Maria Freiherr von Rechenberg was a German jurist,diplomat and a politician who served as Governor of German East Africa and as a member of the Imperial Diet.
Hans-Georg Wilhelm von Doering was a German officer and the last colonial governor of German Togoland before surrendering the position during the Togoland campaign of the African theatre of World War I.