Investigation of protein structure and dynamics: x-ray and γ-ray scattering with spatially sensitive proportional counters (translated from German) (1987)
Gerd Ulrich "Uli" Nienhaus (born 1959) is a German physicist who is a professor and director of the Institute of Applied Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT).[1] At the KIT, he is also affiliated with the Institute of Nanotechnology,[2] Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems,[3] and Institute of Physical Chemistry,[4] and he is an adjunct professor at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.[5]
Nienhaus studied Physics and Physical Chemistry at the University of Münster, where he received his Diploma in Physics in 1983.[9] In 1988, he earned his PhD in Physical Chemistry with a dissertation entitled (translated from German) "Investigation of protein structure and dynamics: x-ray and γ-ray scattering with spatially sensitive proportional counters".[9] For this research in Fritz Parak's laboratory, he developed large multi-wire proportional counters with spherical drift chambers,[10] which had high long-term stability to enable collection of x-ray and γ-ray crystal diffraction data over many weeks.[11]
At the University of Illinois, Nienhaus was promoted to research assistant professor (1991), assistant professor of physics (1992) and biophysics (1993) and associate professor with tenure (1996).[13] In this period, his laboratory carried on with studies of ligand binding and protein dynamics,[14] mainly on heme proteins. Since 1997, he has been appointed as an adjunct professor.[5]
In 1996, he accepted an offer to become head and professor of the Department of Biophysics, University of Ulm. There, he continued his research on heme proteins, studying ligand migration within these proteins and its effects on the ligand binding function.[15] He further expanded his portfolio of biophysical methods to include fluorescence correlation spectroscopy and single molecule fluorescence microscopy.[16] In 1999, he took a sabbatical to study RNA dynamics with single molecule FRET inSteve Chu’s laboratory at Stanford University.[17] In Ulm, together with Jörg Wiedenmann, he began to characterize and further develop novel members of the green fluorescent protein family, including EosFP,[18][19] IrisFP,[20][21] eqFP611,[22] and mRuby.[23]
In 2009, Nienhaus joined the University of Karlsruhe (TH), which soon thereafter was incorporated into the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), as a professor and director of the Institute of Applied Physics.[1] There, he and his collaborators have established a strong research focus on the advancement of optical fluorescence microscopy methods for super-resolution imaging (stimulated emission depletion (STED) nanoscopy,[24][25] single-molecule localization microscopy) and light-sheet microscopy, and their application to various biological problems. An important research area has been the study of the emission properties of nanoparticles as luminescence markers and their interactions with the biological environment.[26] In collaboration with Andres Jäschke's lab at the University of Heidelberg, single-molecule studies have been performed to study RNA dynamics,[27] and RNA aptamers for super-resolution imaging have been developed and characterized.[28]
Honors
1990 Feodor Lynen Fellow, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation.[13]
1994 Fellow in the Center for Advanced Study, University of Illinois.[9]
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