Germama River

Last updated
Germama River
Kessem, Kesem
Ethiopia rel location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Etymology"Frisky"
Location
Country Ethiopia
Regions Amhara, Oromia, Afar
Physical characteristics
Source Ethiopian Highlands
  coordinates 9°06′37″N39°11′49″E / 9.1104°N 39.1969°E / 9.1104; 39.1969
  elevation1,989 m (6,526 ft)
Mouth Awash River
  coordinates
9°13′22″N40°08′38″E / 9.2229°N 40.144°E / 9.2229; 40.144
  elevation
754 m (2,474 ft)
Length173 km (107 mi) [1]
Basin size3,744 km2 (1,446 sq mi) [1]
Discharge 
  locationMouth [1]
  average13.9 m3/s (490 cu ft/s)
  minimum1.15 m3/s (41 cu ft/s)
  maximum79.8 m3/s (2,820 cu ft/s)
Basin features
Progression AwashLake Abbe
River system Awash Basin
Population640,000 [2]

The Germama (or Kesem or Kessem) River, is a tributary of the Awash River in Ethiopia. The name Germama comes from the Amharic word which means "frolicking", "boisterous", or "frisky". [3]

The Germama is not a navigable stream, and flows with a great volume during the rainy season. It rises west of Kese Koremash, flowing east to the Awash, its course delineating a few kilometres of the northern boundary of the Awash National Park. The Kessem River passes an altitude drop from more than 2,000 m on a flow length of ca.130 km. [4] The steep gradient of the river profile is the reason for its turbulent flow regime, which is also reflected in its name. The lowlands of the upper Germama was the location of the former Shewan district of Bulga; [5] the lower course defines the northern boundary of the Shewan district of Menjar.

The Ethiopian Ministry of Water Resources began construction of a dam on the Germama in 2005, which would help irrigate areas along both sides of the river, and in the Dofen and Kebena Mountains. [6] The dam was completed, however it's water controlling gates were not fully functional. The dam was shut down in order to fix this issue, and was expected to resume full capacity within a year of January, 2024. [7]

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 Lehner, Bernhard; Verdin, Kristine; Jarvis, Andy (2008-03-04). "New Global Hydrography Derived From Spaceborne Elevation Data" . Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union. 89 (10): 93–94. doi:10.1029/2008eo100001. ISSN   0096-3941.
  2. Liu, L., Cao, X., Li, S., & Jie, N. (2023). GlobPOP: A 31-year (1990-2020) global gridded population dataset generated by cluster analysis and statistical learning (1.0) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10088105
  3. "Local History in Ethiopia, Gena-Gerwane" (pdf) The Nordic Africa Institute website (accessed 22 April 2022)
  4. Knoche, Malte; Fischer, Christian; Pohl, Eric; Krause, Peter; Merz, Ralf (2014). "Combined uncertainty of hydrological model complexity and satellite-based forcing data evaluated in two data-scarce semi-arid catchments in Ethiopia". Journal of Hydrology. 519: 2049–2066. Bibcode:2014JHyd..519.2049K. doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.10.003.
  5. "Local History in Ethiopia, Bua-Buotaro"(pdf) The Nordic Africa Institute website (accessed 22 April 2022)
  6. "Kesem Tendaho Narrated Report", Ethiopian Ministry of Water Resources website, published 19 June 2007 (accessed 14 July 2009)
  7. "Kesem Dam to Resume Operation in full Capacity Within Year". ENA English. Retrieved 2024-12-25.

9°13′30″N40°05′49″E / 9.2250°N 40.0969°E / 9.2250; 40.0969