| Ghatiana dvivarna | |
|---|---|
 | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Malacostraca |
| Order: | Decapoda |
| Suborder: | Pleocyemata |
| Infraorder: | Brachyura |
| Family: | Gecarcinucidae |
| Genus: | Ghatiana |
| Species: | G. dvivarna |
| Binomial name | |
| Ghatiana dvivarna Pati & Thackeray, 2022 | |
Ghatiana dvivarna is a species of freshwater crab from the Central Western Ghats in India that was first identified in 2022. [1] [2] [3] [4]
The species was first sighted June 30, 2021, in Anshi wildlife range, Kali Tiger Reserve in Karnataka. Parshuram Prabhu Bajantri a forest guard at the wildlife range was looking for a saw-scaled viper from the region. His friend accompanying him had suggested to check deeper forest areas near laterite rocks when he spotted the crab near a waterbody. He took pictures of the crab and shared it with Varad Giri, the head scientist at Reliance Foundation. Giri checked the photos and said it was likely a new species. A year later, a paper was published in August 2022, announcing the new species. [2]
Ghatiana dvivarna's type locality is Bare in the Uttara Kannada district of Karnataka in the Western Ghats. It is endemic to this area. [1]
The specific epithet, dvivarna (द्विवर्ण) is derived from the Kannada word for ‘bicolor’, referring to the crab's colour in life, which mainly consists of two colours (white and red-violet). [1] [2]
The species inhabits elevated mountains of the Central Western Ghats in rocky outcrops with grassy vegetation. The holes in the laterite rocks are their natural habitat. Individuals can also take shelter underneath small boulders. They are generally seen during the monsoon (June–September). They are mostly active during the twilight. As many as 30–40 crabs can be seen during this time when the weather is very cloudy with precipitation or mist. [1]
The Western Ghats, also known as the Sahyadris, is a mountain range that stretches 1,600 km (990 mi) along the western coast of the Indian peninsula. Covering an area of 160,000 km2 (62,000 sq mi), it traverses the states of Gujarat, Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu. The range forms an almost continuous chain of mountains along the western edge of the Deccan Plateau from the Tapti river to the southern tip of the Indian peninsula at Kanniyakumari. The Western Ghats meets with the Eastern Ghats at Nilgiris before continuing south.
The Eastern Ghats are a discontinuous range of mountains along India's eastern coast. The Eastern Ghats pass through the states of Odisha and Andhra Pradesh to Tamil Nadu by, passing parts of Karnataka and Telangana on the way. They are eroded and cut through by four major rivers of peninsular India, the Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna and Kaveri. Zindagad Konda is the highest point in both Andhra Pradesh and the Eastern Ghats at 1,690 metres (5,540 ft). The Biligiriranga Hills in Karnataka are the tallest hill range in the Eastern Ghats, with many peaks above 1500 m in height.
The Biligirirangana Hills or Biligirirangan Hills is a hill range situated in Chamarajanagar District in south-western Karnataka, at its border with Tamil Nadu in South India. The area is called Biligiri Ranganatha Swamy Temple Wildlife Sanctuary or simply BRT Wildlife Sanctuary. It is a protected reserve under the Wildlife Protection Act of 1972. Being close to the Eastern Ghats as well as the Western Ghats, the sanctuary has floral and faunal associations with both regions. The site was declared a tiger reserve in January 2011 by the Government of Karnataka, a few months after approval from India's National Tiger Conservation Authority.
Sharavati is a river which originates and flows entirely within the state of Karnataka in India. It is one of the few westward flowing rivers of India and a major part of the river basin lies in the Western Ghats. The famous Jog Falls, located about 25 km from Siddapura, is formed by this river. The river itself and the regions around it are rich in biodiversity and are home to many rare species of flora and fauna.
Kudremukha is the name of a mountain range and an individual mountain peak located in Chikmagalur district, in Karnataka, India. It is also the name of a small hill station and iron ore-mining town situated near the mountain, about 20 kilometres from Kalasa in Kalasa Taluk. The name Kuduremukha literally means "horse-faced" in Kannada and refers to a particular picturesque view of a side of the mountain that resembles a horse's face. It was also referred to as 'Samseparvata', historically since it was approached from Samse village. Kuduremukha is Karnataka's 2nd highest peak after Mullayanagiri and 26th highest peak in western ghats. The nearest International Airport is at Mangalore which is at a distance of 99 kilometres.
Kali Tiger Reserve is a protected area and tiger reserve. It is located in Uttara Kannada district, in Karnataka, India. The park is a habitat of Bengal tigers, black panthers and Indian elephants, amongst other distinctive fauna. The Kali River flows through the tiger reserve and is the lifeline of the ecosystem and hence the name. The tiger reserve is spread over an area of 1300 square kilometres.
Nagarahole National Park is a national park located in Kodagu district and Mysore district in Karnataka, India.
Strobilanthes kunthiana, known as Kurinji or Neelakurinji in Tamil language and Malayalam and Gurige in Kannada, is a shrub of the bear's breeches family (Acanthaceae) that is found in the shola forests of the Western Ghats in Kerala, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. The purplish blue flower blossoms only once in 12 years, and gave the Nilgiri Mountains range its name as nil (blue) + giri (mountains). The name Neelakurinji originates from the Malayalam language neela (blue) + kurinji (flower). Of all long interval bloomers Strobilanthes kunthiana is the most rigorously demonstrated, with documented bloomings in 1838, 1850, 1862, 1874, 1886, 1898, 1910, 1922, 1934, 1946, 1958, 1970, 1982, 1994, 2006 and 2018, these have no match to Solar cycles.
Bisle is a small village in the heart of south-western India's Western Ghats. The village is located in Hassan District's Sakleshpur (Sakaleshpura) Taluk.
Pushpagiri, at 5,626 feet (1,715 m) ft, is the highest peak in Pushpagiri Wildlife Sanctuary, located along the Western Ghats of Karnataka. It is located in Somwarpete taluk, 20 kilometres (12 mi) from Somwarpet in the northern part of Kodagu district on the tri-junction between Dakshina Kannada, Kodagu and Hassan district. It is 4th highest peak of Karnataka.
Karnataka, the sixth largest state in India, has been ranked as the third most popular state in the country for tourism in 2014. It is home to 507 of the 3600 centrally protected monuments in India, second only to Uttar Pradesh. The State Directorate of Archaeology and Museums protects an additional 752 monuments and another 25,000 monuments are yet to receive protection.
The Indian State of Karnataka is located between 11°30' North and 18°30' North latitudes and between 74° East and 78°30' East longitude.It is situated on a tableland where the Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats converge into the complex, in the western part of the Deccan Peninsular region of India. The State is bounded by Maharashtra and Goa States in the north and northwest; by the Lakshadweep Sea in the west; by Kerala in the south-west and Tamil Nadu in the south and south-east, Andhra Pradesh in the south-east and east and Telangana in the north-east. Karnataka extends to about 850 km (530 mi) from north to south and about 450 km (280 mi) from east to west.
Myristica swamps are a type of freshwater swamp forest predominantly composed of species of Myristica. These are found in three localities in India. Myristica swamps have adapted to inundation by way of stilt roots and knee roots. Myristica swamps are found in the Uttara Kannada district of Karnataka State and in the southern parts of Kerala. Recently it is found in village Bambarde, in Maharashtra's Sindhudurga district.
Bisle Reserve Forest is a reserve forest in westernmost Hassan district of Karnataka state, India. It is located in Hassan district's Sakleshpur taluk. Bisle village adjoins the forest to the east. It is contiguous with Kagneri Reserve Forest to the north, Bhagimalai Reserve Forest of Dakshina Kannada district to the west, and Kukke Subramanya forest range to the southwest. To the south it adjoins Pushpagiri Wildlife Sanctuary in Kodagu district. Bisle Reserve forest and the reserve forests extending north along the Bisle Ghat range form a natural corridor linking Pushpagiri Wildlife Sanctuary and Kudremukh National Park.
Rhabdops aquaticus, also known as the water rhabdops and aquatic rhabdops, is a nonvenomous aquatic species of snake. It is endemic to the Western Ghats in southern Maharashtra, northern Karnataka, and Goa states, India. It has an off-white belly and black spots on its olive brown skin; juveniles are olive green, with yellow undersides.
Ghatiana is a genus of freshwater crabs, found among the Western Ghats in India.
Gubernatoriana triangulus is a species of freshwater crab in the family Gecarcinucidae. The species is endemic to the Western Ghats in India.
Ghatiana pulchra is a species of freshwater crab from the northern Western Ghats in India that was first identified in 2018.
Ghatiana atropurpurea is a species of arboreal crab from India that was first identified in 2016. Unlike other species of its genus, Ghatiana, it is not endemic to the Western Ghats.
Ghatiana splendida is a species of crab from India, first identified in 2016 in the Western Ghats. Tejas Thackeray, among the discovers of the species, has said that "locals" to where it was first described were aware of the species and would refer to it as the "purple tree crab" or the "pink forest crab". Thackeray first encountered the crab while searching for the olive forest snake.