Kyösti Kallio was a Finnish politician who served as the fourth president of Finland from 1937 to 1940. His presidency included leading the country through the Winter War; while he relinquished the post of commander-in-chief to Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim, he played a role as a spiritual leader. After the war, he became both the first President of Finland to resign and the only one to die in office, dying of a heart attack while returning home after submitting his resignation.
Österland ('Eastland') was a medieval term used for the southern part of Finland, one of the four traditional lands of Sweden. The term occurs in documents approximately between 1350–1470 and gradually fell out of use by the end of the 15th century. Before this period the term was used in plural, Österlanden ('Easternlands').
Count Georg Magnus Sprengtporten was a Finland–Swedish politician, count, baron, and general of the infantry.
Count Gustaf Mauritz Armfelt was a Finnish-Swedish-Russian count, baron, courtier, general, and diplomat. In Finland, he is considered one of the greatest Finnish statesmen. His advice to Russia's Tsar Alexander I was of utmost importance for securing the autonomy of the Grand Duchy of Finland.
Nikolay Ivanovich Bobrikov was a Russian general and politician. He was the Governor-General of Finland and the Finnish Military District from 29 August [O.S. 17] 1898 until his death, during the early reign of Emperor Nicholas II, and was responsible for the Russification attempt of Finland. After appointment as the governor-general, he quickly became very unpopular and was assassinated by Eugen Schauman, a Finnish nationalist born in Kharkiv.
The Diet of Porvoo, was the summoned legislative assembly to establish the Grand Duchy of Finland in 1809 and the heir of the powers of the Swedish Riksdag of the Estates. The session of the Diet lasted from March to July 1809.
The policy of Russification of Finland was a governmental policy of the Russian Empire aimed at limiting the special status of the Grand Duchy of Finland and possibly the termination of its political autonomy and cultural uniqueness in 1899–1905 and in 1908–1917, fully integrating Finland to the Russian Empire. It was a part of a larger policy of Russification pursued by late 19th–early 20th century Russian governments which tried to abolish cultural and administrative autonomy of non-Russian minorities within the empire.
The Grand Duchy of Finland, officially and also translated as the Grand Principality of Finland, was the predecessor state of modern Finland. It existed between 1809 and 1917 as an autonomous state within the Russian Empire.
The De la Gardie campaign was a joint military campaign by the Tsardom of Russia and Sweden during the Polish–Russian War from April 1609 to June 1610.
The Great Wrath was a period of Finnish history dominated by the Russian invasion and subsequent military occupation of Finland, then part of the Swedish Empire, from 1714 until the Treaty of Nystad (1721), which ended the Great Northern War.
Finland declared its independence on 6 December 1917. The formal Declaration of Independence was only part of the long process leading to the independence of Finland.
Torsten Stålhandske was a Swedish officer in the Swedish army during the Thirty Years' War. He was the son of Torsten Svensson (Stålhandske), a noble military officer of Swedish ancestry from West Gothland, and Carin Lydiksdotter Jägerhorn, of Finnish nobility from southern Finland. Torsten's father died in the Battle of Stångå when he was four years old, and his mother married a Scottish soldier, Major Robert Guthrie.
Erik Berg was a Finnish politician. Berg was born in Livonia and was of Baltic German descent. He served in the Imperial Russian Army, and later became a member of the Senate of Finland. After the 1917 February Revolution, Berg moved to France, where he worked as a businessman. He died in Paris, France.
Ari Tapani Puheloinen is a Finnish General who was Chief of Defence of the Finnish Defence Forces between 2009 and 2014.
The Aminofffamily is a Swedish-Finnish noble family of Holy Roman and Russian origin. The family has produced statesmen, officers, academics, merchants, industrialists, and landowners. The Aminoff family has been granted the titles of count and baron. The Aminoff family is known for its active participation in commerce and industry.
Nils Turesson Bielke was a Swedish statesman, member of the privy council, son of Ture Pedersson Bielke.
Amanda Harkimo is a Finnish DJ and reality TV star.
"Niet Molotoff" is a Finnish propaganda song composed by Matti Jurva, and written by Tatu Pekkarinen. Niet Molotoff was composed during the Winter War to boost morale and to mock the Soviet Union and the Red Army.
