Grypoceras

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Grypoceras
Temporal range: Triassic
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Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Cephalopoda
Subclass: Nautiloidea
Order: Nautilida
Family: Grypoceratidae
Genus: Grypoceras
Hyatt, 1883

Grypoceras is a coiled nautiloid cephalopod from the Triassic of western North America, southern Asia, and Europe that belongs to the nautilid family Grypoceratidae. Named by Alpheus Hyatt in 1883, the shell of Grypoceras is essentially involute with a subtriangular cross section, widest across the umbilical shoulders, with flanks fairing toward a narrow flattened venter. Sutures on flanks are with smooth, deep lobes and with shallow ventral lobes.

Cephalopod class of molluscs

A cephalopod is any member of the molluscan class Cephalopoda such as a squid, octopus or nautilus. These exclusively marine animals are characterized by bilateral body symmetry, a prominent head, and a set of arms or tentacles modified from the primitive molluscan foot. Fishermen sometimes call them inkfish, referring to their common ability to squirt ink. The study of cephalopods is a branch of malacology known as teuthology.

The Triassic is a geologic period and system which spans 50.6 million years from the end of the Permian Period 251.9 million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Jurassic Period 201.3 Mya. The Triassic is the first and shortest period of the Mesozoic Era. Both the start and end of the period are marked by major extinction events.

Nautilida order of molluscs

The Nautilida constitute a large and diverse order of generally coiled nautiloid cephalopods that began in the mid Paleozoic and continues to the present with a single family, the Nautilidae which includes two genera, Nautilus and Allonautilus, with six species. All told, between 22 and 34 families and 165 to 184 genera have been recognised, making this the largest order of the subclass Nautiloidea.

The earlier, related Domatoceras is evolute, with a more quadrate whorl section. Gryponautilus , from the Upper Triassic, is more strongly involute and has a sharply keeled venter.

<i>Domatoceras</i> genus of molluscs

Domatoceras is a nautiloid genus and member of the Grypoceratidae from the Pennsylvanian and Permian with a wide spread distribution.

Gryponautilus is a genus of Upper Triassic nautilids belonging to the trigonoceratacean family Grypoceratidae, characterized by involute, inflated shells, which at maturity develop narrowly rounded keel-like venters. Venters on inner whorls are truncated and broadly convex to concave.

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Acrochordiceras is a genus of Middle Triassic ammonoid cephalopods belonging to the ceratitid family Acrochordiceratidae, included in the superfamily Ceratitaceae.

Ussuria is a genus of Lower Triassic ammonites with a smooth, involute discoidal shell with submonophyllic sutures, belonging to the ceratitid family Ussuriidae.

<i>Cenoceras</i> genus of molluscs (fossil)

Cenoceras is an extinct genus within the cephalopod mollusc family Nautilidae, which in turn makes up part of the superfamily Nautilaceae. This genus has been described by Hyatt in 1884. The type species is Cenoceras intermedium (Sowerby).

Psiloceratoidea superfamily of molluscs (fossil)

Psiloceratoidea is a superfamily of Early Jurassic ammonoid cephalopods proposed by Hyatt in 1867, assigned to the order Ammonitida. They were very successful during Hettangian and Sinemurian. Last of them, family Cymbitidae and genera Hypoxynoticeras and Radstockiceras survived into Early Pliensbachian.

Permoceras, the sole member of the family Permoceratidae, is a genus of coiled nautiloids with a smooth, compressed involute shell, whorls higher than wide, earlier whorls hidden from view. The venter is rounded as are the ventral and umbilical shoulders, the flanks flattened. The siphuncle is ventrally subcentral. The suture, which is most characteristic, has a deep, narrow pointed ventral lobe and large, asymmetrical pointed lobes on either side.

The Clydonautiloidea are a superfamily within the nautiloid order Nautilida characterized by smooth, generally globular, shells with nearly straight sutures, in early forms, but developing highly differentiated sutures in some later forms. Where known, the siphuncle tends to be central to subcentral.

Trigonoceratoidea superfamily of molluscs

The Trigonoceratoidea are a superfamily within the Nautilida that ranged from the Devonian to the Triassic, thought to have contained the source for the Nautilaceae in which Nautilus is found.

Syringonautilidae is a family of Nautiloidea from the middle to late Triassic. Syringonautilidae comprise the last of the Trigonoceratoidea and are the source for the Nautilaceae which continued the Nautiloidea through the Mesozoic and into the Cenozoic right down to the recent. Syringonautilidae is a strictly Triassic family, derived early in the Triassic from the Grypoceratidae.

Grypoceratidae family of molluscs

Grypoceratidae is the longest-lived family of the Trigonoceratoidea, or of the near equivalent Centroceratina; members of the Nautilida from the Upper Paleozoic and Triassic.

The Centroceratidae is the ancestral family of the Trigonoceratoidea and of the equivalent Centroceratina; extinct shelled cephalopods belonging to the order Nautilida

Peripetoceras is a genus in the Clydonautilacean family, Liroceratidae. It can be recognized by its smooth, involute shell with a deep small umbilicus with rounded shoulders and steep convex wall; whorl section with flattened venter, rounded ventral shoulders and convergent slightly convex flanks; suture with slight ventral and lateral lobes; and small siphuncle located dorsally of the center.

Siberionautilidae is a family in the nautilid superfamily Clydonautiloidea that contains only the genus Siberionautilus, which comes from the Upper Triassic (Carnian) of Siberia, Russia.

<i>Metacoceras</i> genus of molluscs

Metacoceras is a nautilitoid cephalopod from the Upper Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian) and Permian, the shell of which is moderately evolute with a subquadrate whorl section, bearing nodes on the ventral or umbilical shoulders or both, but otherwise smooth. The siphuncle is small, subcentral and orthochoanitic. The suture has shallow ventral and lateral lobes but no dorsal or annular lobe.

Enoploceras is a Tainoceratid genus, a nautiloid cephalopod in the order Nautilida, known from Triassic sediments in Europe, India, Timor, and the state of Idaho.

Pseudonautilidae is a family of Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous nautilid cephalopods belonging to the same superfamily as modern Nautilus, Nautilaceae, but forming a different branch from the family Nautilidae. Pseudonautilids, together with other nautilids, were contemporary with the ammonoids, which comprise an entirely different set of shelled cephalopod stocks more closely related to octopus and squid.

Trachynautilus is a member of the Tainoceratidae, named by Mojsisovics in 1902, with longitudial ridges on the flanks of its high-arched involute shell. Phloiocedas from the Upper Triassic of North America is similar except that its venter also has longitudinal ridges. Trachynautilus from the middle and Upper Triassic of Europe has a smooth venter.

<i>Germanonautilus</i> genus of molluscs

Germanonautilus is a cephalopod genus included in the nautilid family Tainoceratidae, found widespread in the Triassic of North America, Europe, Asia, and north Africa. The shell is a moderately involute nautilicone ; whorl section subquadrate to trapezoidal, widest across the umbilical shoulders, flanks flattened and ventrally convergent, venter flat and wide, dorsum narrowly and deeply impressed. The suture is with broad and deep lateral lobes and a shallow ventral lobe. The siphuncle is central and nummuloidal, composed of expanded segments that give a beaded appearance.

Indonautilus is an involute nautilid from the Middle and Upper Triassic. (Anisian-Norian), with a small or occluded umbilicus and subrectangular whorl section belonging to the Liroceratidae (Clydonaulilaceae). Flanks are slightly bowed, converging on a flattened venter. Ventro-lateral shoulders are narrowly rounded or angular. Umbilical shoulder are broadly rounded. The siphuncle is subdorsal.

Clypeoceras is a genus of ammonites with an involute discoidal shell from the Lower Triassic.

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