HAZMAT Class 6 Toxic and infectious substances

Last updated January 08, 2022

Poisonous material is a material, other than a gas, known to be so toxic to humans that it presents a health hazard during transportation.

Divisions

Division 6.1: Poisonous material is a material, other than a gas, which is known to be so toxic to humans as to afford a hazard to health during transportation, or which, in the absence of adequate data on human toxicity:

Is presumed to be toxic to humans because it falls within any one of the following categories when tested on laboratory animals (whenever possible, animal test data that has been reported in the chemical literature should be used):

Oral Toxicity: A liquid or solid with an LD50 for acute oral toxicity of not more than 300 mg/kg.
Dermal Toxicity. A material with an LD50 for acute dermal toxicity of not more than 1000 mg/kg.
Inhalation Toxicity: A dust or mist with an LC50 for acute toxicity on inhalation of not more than 4 mg/L; or a material with a saturated vapor concentration in air at 20 °C (68 °F) of more than one-fifth of the LC50 for acute toxicity on inhalation of vapors and with an LC50 for acute toxicity on inhalation of vapors of not more than 5000 mL/m³; or

Is an irritating material, with properties similar to tear gas, which causes extreme irritation, especially in confined spaces.

Division 6.2: Biohazards.

Placards

	Hazardous Materials
	Class 6.1: Poison

	Hazardous Materials
	Class 6.2: Biohazard

	Hazardous Materials
	Class 6: Packing Group III

	Hazardous Materials
	Class 6: Toxic

Poison: 454 kg (1001 lb) or more gross weight of poisonous materials that are not in Hazard Zone A or B (see Assignment of packing groups and hazard zones below). For U.S. Domestic Use only.
Inhalation Hazard: Any quantity of a material that is in Hazard Zone A or B (see Assignment of packing groups and hazard zones below).
Toxic: May be used instead of POISON placard on 454 kg (1001 lb) or more gross weight of poisonous materials that are not in Hazard Zone A or B (see Assignment of packing groups and hazard zones below). For international shipments the label must say Toxic if it will be worded.
PG III (Packing Group III): May be used instead of POISON placard on 454 kg (1001 lb) or more gross weight of Poison PG III materials (see Assignment of packing groups and hazard zones below).

Lethality

Lethal Dose 50

Oral Toxicity: LD₅₀ for acute oral toxicity means that dose of the material administered to both male and female young adult albino rats which causes death within 14 days in half the animals tested. The number of animals tested must be sufficient to give statistically valid results and be in conformity with good pharmacological practices. The result is expressed in mg/kg body mass.
Dermal Toxicity: LD₅₀ for acute dermal toxicity means that dose of the material which, administered by continuous contact for 24 hours with the shaved intact skin (avoiding abrading) of an albino rabbit, causes death within 14 days in half of the animals tested. The number of animals tested must be sufficient to give statistically valid results and be in conformity with good pharmacological practices. The result is expressed in mg/kg body mass.

Determining Acute LD₅₀
For purposes of classifying and assigning packing groups to mixtures possessing oral or dermal toxicity hazards according to the criteria in 49CFR 173.133(a)(1), it is necessary to determine the acute LD50 of the mixture. If a mixture contains more than one active constituent, one of the following methods may be used to determine the oral or dermal LD50 of the mixture: Obtain reliable acute oral and dermal toxicity data on the actual mixture to be transported; If reliable, accurate data is not available, classify the formulation according to the most hazardous constituent of the mixture as if that constituent were present in the same concentration as the total concentration of all active constituents; or If reliable, accurate data is not available, apply the formula: ${\tfrac {C_{A}}{T_{A}}}+{\tfrac {C_{B}}{T_{B}}}+{\tfrac {C_{Z}}{T_{Z}}}={\tfrac {100}{T_{M}}}$ where: $C$ = the percent concentration of constituent A, B ... Z in the mixture; $T$ = the oral LD50 values of constituent A, B ... Z; $T_{M}$ = the oral LD50 value of the mixture.

Lethal Concentration 50

LC₅₀ for acute toxicity on inhalation means that concentration of vapor, mist, or dust which, administered by continuous inhalation for one hour to both male and female young adult albino rats, causes death within 14 days in half of the animals tested. If the material is administered to the animals as a dust or mist, more than 90 percent of the particles available for inhalation in the test must have a diameter of 10 micrometres or less if it is reasonably foreseeable that such concentrations could be encountered by a human during transport. The result is expressed in mg/L of air for dusts and mists or in mL/m³ of air (parts per million) for vapors. See 49CFR 173.133(b) for LC50 determination for mixtures and for limit tests.

Compatibility table

Load and Segregation Chart
	Weight		1.1	1.2	1.3	1.4	1.5	1.6	2.1	2.2	2.2	2.3		3	4.1	4.2	4.3	5.1	5.2	6.1	7	8
	Weight		1.1	1.2	1.3	1.4	1.5	1.6	2.1	2.2	2.2	A	B	3	4.1	4.2	4.3	5.1	5.2	A	7	8
6.1A	Any Quantity	E				O			O
Key
The absence of any hazard class or division or a blank space in the table indicates that no restrictions apply. X: These materials may not be loaded, transported, or stored together in the same transport vehicle or storage facility during the course of transportation. O: Indicates that these materials may not be loaded, transported or stored together in the same transport vehicle or storage facility during the course of transportation, unless separated in a manner that, in the event of leakage from packages under conditions normally incident to transportation, commingling of hazardous materials would not occur. E: Packages with "Poison" or "Poison Inhalation Hazard" markings, or a "Poison" marking with "PG III" or "PG III" beside a "Poison" label, may not be transported with foodstuffs, feed, or any other edible material, intended for consumption by humans or animals. For exceptions see §177.841(e) Source: United States Code of Federal Regulations, Title 49 CFR §177.848 - Segregation of hazardous materials.^[1]

Packing groups

Class 6 Packing Groups and Hazard Zones

The packing group of Division 6.1 materials shall be as assigned in Column 5 of the 49CFR 172.101 Table. When the 49CFR 172.101 Table provides more than one packing group or hazard zone for a hazardous material, the packing group and hazard zone shall be determined by applying the following criteria:

1. The packing group assignment for routes of administration other than inhalation of vapors shall be in accordance with the following table:

Group	Oral Toxicity LD₅₀ ${\tfrac {mg}{kg}}$	Dermal Toxicity LD₅₀ ${\tfrac {mg}{kg}}$	Inhalation Toxicity (Dust/Mist) LC₅₀ ${\tfrac {mg}{L}}$
I	$\leq 5$	$\leq 50$	$\leq 0.2$
II	$>5$ but $\leq 50$	$>50$ but $\leq 200$	$>0.2$ but $\leq 2$
III	$>50$ but $\leq 300$	$>200$ but $\leq 1000$	$>2$ but $\leq 4$

2. The packing group and hazard zone assignments for liquids (see 49CFR 173.115(c) of this subpart for gases) based on inhalation of vapors shall be in accordance with the following Table:

Packing Group	Hazard Zone	Vapor Concentration and Toxicity
I	A	$V\geq 500LC_{50}$ ; $LC_{50}\leq 200{\tfrac {mL}{m^{3}}}$ .
I	B	$V\geq 10LC_{50}$ ; $LC_{50}\leq 1000{\tfrac {mL}{m^{3}}}$ The criteria for Packing Group I. Hazard Zone A are not met.
II	C	$V\geq LC_{50}$ ; $LC_{50}\leq 3000{\tfrac {mL}{m^{3}}}$ The criteria for Packing Group I, Hazard Zones A and B are not met.
III	D	$V\geq .2LC_{50}$ ; $LC_{50}\leq 5000{\tfrac {mL}{m^{3}}}$ The criteria for Packing Groups I and II, Hazard Zones A, B and C are not met.
Note 1: V is the saturated vapor concentration in air of the material in ${\tfrac {mL}{m^{3}}}$ at 20 °C and standard atmospheric pressure. Note 2: A liquid in Division 6.1 meeting criteria for Packing Group I, Hazard Zones A or B stated in paragraph (a)(2) of this section is a material poisonous by inhalation subject to the additional hazard communication requirements in 49CFR 172.203(m)(3), 49CFR 172.313 and Table 1 of 49CFR 172.504(e) of this subchapter.

3. When the packing group determined by applying these criteria is different for two or more (oral, dermal or inhalation) routes of administration, the packing group assigned to the material shall be that indicated for the highest degree of toxicity for any of the routes of administration.

4. Notwithstanding the provisions of this paragraph, the packing group and hazard zone of a tear gas substance is as assigned in Column 5 of the 49CFR 172.101 Table.

The packing group and hazard zone for Division 6.1 mixtures that are poisonous (toxic) by inhalation may be determined by one of the following methods:

Where

LC_{50}

data is available on each of the poisonous (toxic) substances comprising the mixture:

1. The

LC_{50}

of the mixture is estimated using the formula:

$LC_{50}(mixture)={\cfrac {1}{\textstyle \sum _{i=1}^{n}{\cfrac {f_{i}}{LC_{50i}}}}}$

where $f_{i}$ = mole fraction of the $i^{th}$ component of the liquid
$LC_{50i}$ = means lethal concentration of the $i^{th}$ component substance in ${\tfrac {mL}{m^{3}}}$

2. The volatility of each component substance is estimated using the formula:

$V_{i}=P_{i}\times {\tfrac {10^{6}}{101.3}}[{\tfrac {mL}{m^{3}}}]$

where:

P_{i}

= partial pressure of the

i^{th}

component substance in kPa at 20°C and one atmospheric pressure.

P_{i}

may be calculated according to Raoult's Law using appropriate activity coefficients. Where activity coefficients are not available, the coefficient may be assumed to be 1.0.

3. The ratio of the volatility to the LC₅₀ is calculated using the formula:

R=\textstyle \sum _{i=1}^{n}{\tfrac {f_{i}}{LC_{50i}}}

4. Using the calculated values LC₅₀ (mixture) and R, the packing group for the mixture is determined as follows:

Packing Group	Hazard Zone	Ratio of Volatility and LC₅₀
I	A	$R\geq 500$ and $LC_{50}(mixture)\leq 200{\tfrac {mL}{m^{3}}}$
I	B	$R\geq 10$ and $LC_{50}(mixture)\leq 1000{\tfrac {mL}{m^{3}}}$ ; and The criteria for Packing Group I, Hazard Zone A, are not met.
II	C	$R\geq 1$ and $LC_{50}(mixture)\leq 3000{\tfrac {mL}{m^{3}}}$ ; and The criteria for Packing Group I, Hazard Zones A and B are not met.
III	D	$R\geq {\tfrac {1}{5}}$ and $LC_{50}(mixture)\leq 5000{\tfrac {mL}{m^{3}}}$ ; and The criteria for Packing Groups I, Hazard Zones A, B and Packing Group II.

In the absence of LC₅₀ data on the poisonous (toxic) constituent substances, the mixture may be assigned a packing group and hazard zone based on simplified threshold toxicity tests. When these threshold tests are used, the most restrictive packing group and hazard zone must be determined and used for the transportation of the mixture.

Related Research Articles

In toxicology, the median lethal dose, LD₅₀ (abbreviation for "lethal dose, 50%"), LC₅₀ (lethal concentration, 50%) or LCt₅₀ is a measure of the lethal dose of a toxin, radiation, or pathogen. The value of LD₅₀ for a substance is the dose required to kill half the members of a tested population after a specified test duration. LD₅₀ figures are frequently used as a general indicator of a substance's acute toxicity. A lower LD₅₀ is indicative of increased toxicity.

Toxicity is the degree to which a chemical substance or a particular mixture of substances can damage an organism. Toxicity can refer to the effect on a whole organism, such as an animal, bacterium, or plant, as well as the effect on a substructure of the organism, such as a cell (cytotoxicity) or an organ such as the liver (hepatotoxicity). By extension, the word may be metaphorically used to describe toxic effects on larger and more complex groups, such as the family unit or society at large. Sometimes the word is more or less synonymous with poisoning in everyday usage.

Propylene glycol (IUPAC name: propane-1,2-diol) is a viscous, colorless liquid, which is nearly odorless but possesses a faintly sweet taste. Its chemical formula is CH₃CH(OH)CH₂OH. Containing two alcohol groups, it is classed as a diol. It is miscible with a broad range of solvents, including water, acetone, and chloroform. In general, glycols are non-irritating and have very low volatility.

In toxicology, the lethal dose (LD) is an indication of the lethal toxicity of a given substance or type of radiation. Because resistance varies from one individual to another, the "lethal dose" represents a dose at which a given percentage of subjects will die. The lethal concentration is a lethal dose measurement used for gases or particulates. The LD may be based on the standard person concept, a theoretical individual that has perfectly "normal" characteristics, and thus not apply to all sub-populations.

Dicofol is an organochlorine pesticide that is chemically related to DDT. Dicofol is a miticide that is very effective against spider mite.

Imidacloprid is a systemic insecticide belonging to a class of chemicals called the neonicotinoids which act on the central nervous system of insects. The chemical works by interfering with the transmission of stimuli in the insect nervous system. Specifically, it causes a blockage of the nicotinergic neuronal pathway. By blocking nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, imidacloprid prevents acetylcholine from transmitting impulses between nerves, resulting in the insect's paralysis and eventual death. It is effective on contact and via stomach action. Because imidacloprid binds much more strongly to insect neuron receptors than to mammal neuron receptors, this insecticide is more toxic to insects than to mammals.

Chlorfenvinphos is the common name of an organophosphorus compound that was widely used as an insecticide and an acaricide. The molecule itself can be described as an enol ester derived from dichloroacetophenone and diethylphosphonic acid. Chlorfenvinphos has been included in many products since its first use in 1963. However, because of its toxic effect as a cholinesterase inhibitor it has been banned in several countries, including the United States and the European Union. Its use in the United States was cancelled in 1991.

Ethion (C₉H₂₂O₄P₂S₄) is an organophosphate insecticide. Ethion is known to affect a neural enzyme called acetylcholinesterase and prevent it from working.

Acute toxicity describes the adverse effects of a substance that result either from a single exposure or from multiple exposures in a short period of time. To be described as acute toxicity, the adverse effects should occur within 14 days of the administration of the substance.

Fipronil is a broad-spectrum insecticide that belongs to the phenylpyrazole chemical family. Fipronil disrupts the insect central nervous system by blocking the ligand-gated ion channel of the GABA_A receptor and glutamate-gated chloride (GluCl) channels. This causes hyperexcitation of contaminated insects' nerves and muscles. Fipronil's specificity towards insects is believed to be due to its greater binding affinity to the GABA_A receptors of insects, than to those of mammals, and to its action on GluCl channels, which do not exist in mammals. As of 2017, there did not appear to be significant resistance among fleas to fipronil.

Venomous snakes are species of the suborder Serpentes that are capable of producing venom, which they use for killing prey, for defense, and to assist with digestion of their prey. The venom is typically delivered by injection using hollow or grooved fangs, although some venomous snakes lack well-developed fangs. Common venomous snakes include the families Elapidae, Viperidae, Atractaspididae, and some of the Colubridae. The toxicity of venom is mainly indicated by murine LD₅₀, while multiple factors are considered to judge the potential danger to humans. Other important factors for risk assessment include the likelihood that a snake will bite, the quantity of venom delivered with the bite, the efficiency of the delivery mechanism, and the location of a bite on the body of the victim. Snake venom may have both neurotoxic and hemotoxic properties.

Toxicity class refers to a classification system for pesticides that has been created by a national or international government-related or -sponsored organization. It addresses the acute toxicity of agents such as soil fumigants, fungicides, herbicides, insecticides, miticides, molluscicides, nematicides, or rodenticides.

Sterigmatocystin is a polyketide mycotoxin produced by certain species of Aspergillus. The toxin is naturally found in some cheeses.

The HAZMAT Class 2 in United States law includes all gases which are compressed and stored for transportation. Class 2 has three divisions: Flammable, Non-Flammable/Non-Poisonous, and Poisonous. This classification is based on the United Nations' Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods - Model Regulations. In Canada, the Transportation of Dangerous Goods Regulations, or TDGR, are also based on the UN Model Regulations and contain the same three divisions.

α-Naphthylthiourea (ANTU) is an organosulfur compound with the formula C₁₀H₇NHC(S)NH₂. This a white, crystalline powder although commercial samples may be off-white. It is used as a rodenticide and as such is fairly toxic. Naphthylthiourea is available as 10% active baits in suitable protein- or carbohydrate-rich materials and as a 20% tracking powder.

Sulfotep (also known as tetraethyldithiopyrophosphate and TEDP) is a pesticide commonly used in greenhouses as a fumigant. The substance is also known as Dithione, Dithiophos, and many other names. Sulfotep has the molecular formula C₈H₂₀O₅P₂S₂ and belongs to the organophosphate class of chemicals. It has a cholinergic effect, involving depression of the cholinesterase activity of the peripheral and central nervous system of insects. The transduction of signals is disturbed at the synapses that make use of acetylcholine. Sulfotep is a mobile oil that is pale yellow-colored and smells like garlic. It is primarily used as an insecticide.

Methacrylonitrile, MeAN in short, is a chemical compound that is an unsaturated aliphatic nitrile, widely used in the preparation of homopolymers, copolymers, elastomers, and plastics and as a chemical intermediate in the preparation of acids, amides, amines, esters, and other nitriles. MeAN is also used as a replacement for acrylonitrile in the manufacture of an acrylonitrile/butadiene/styrene-like polymer. It is a clear and colorless liquid, that has a bitter almond smell.

Ethoprophos (or ethoprop) is an organophosphate ester with the formula C₈H₁₉O₂PS₂. It is a clear yellow to colourless liquid that has a characteristic mercaptan-like odour. It is used as an insecticide and nematicide and it is an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor.

Methyl isonicotinate is a toxic compound, which is used as a semiochemical. Other names for this compound are 4-pyridine carboxylic acid, and isonicotinic acid methyl ester. This compound is slightly toxic to the human body. It has an irritating effect on the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. Moreover, the compound is used as the active ingredient in several sticky thrip traps to monitor and catch thrips in greenhouses.

References

↑ Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) (October 1, 2011). "49 CFR 177.848 - Segregation of hazardous materials" (PDF). Government Publishing Office. p. 853. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 July 2019. Retrieved 16 July 2019.

49 CFR 173.132

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.

[1] Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) (October 1, 2011). "49 CFR 177.848 - Segregation of hazardous materials" (PDF). Government Publishing Office. p. 853. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 July 2019. Retrieved 16 July 2019.

[1]

v t e Hazardous materials
List of accidents	Accidents involving transport or storage of ammunition Accidents involving ammonium nitrate Accidents involving fireworks Accidents involving pipelines List of accidents involving natural gas and oil production
Dangerous cargo classes	HAZMAT Class 1 Explosives HAZMAT Class 2 Gases HAZMAT Class 3 Flammable liquids HAZMAT Class 4 Flammable solids HAZMAT Class 5 Oxidizing agents and organic peroxides HAZMAT Class 6 Toxic and infectious substances HAZMAT Class 7 Radioactive substances HAZMAT Class 8 Corrosive substances HAZMAT Class 9 Miscellaneous
Hazardous materials laws and regulations	AIR Shipper Australian Dangerous Goods Code European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road (ADR) Hazardous Materials Transportation Act Hazardous Substances and New Organisms Act 1996 HAZWOPER Hong Kong ship laws Midwest hazardous work training NA/UN exceptions Safe handling of carcinogens UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods US Committee on Hazardous Materials
Regulatory agencies and organizations	United Nations Economic Commission for Europe United Nations - International Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration USA National Transport Commission Australia
Hazardous material labelling systems	Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) International UN ADR International Hazchem United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand NFPA 704 'Fire diamond' USA Hazardous Materials Identification System (HMIS) USA Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System Canada European hazard symbols from Dangerous Substances Directive (67/548/EEC) European Union
Hazardous goods	Consumption of Tide Pods Crotonaldehyde Dangerous goods Explosive High production volume chemicals Nickel hydrazine nitrate Nuclear flask Nuclear fuel cycle Sedaxane Substance of very high concern
Category