Haji Bashir Ismail Yusuf (Somali :Xaaji Bashiir Ismaaciil Yuusuf,Arabic :حاجيبشيراسماعيليوسف;1912–1984),commonly referred to as Haji Bashir, [1] was a Somali politician. He was a prominent Somali Youth League (SYL) member and the first President of the Somali National Assembly during the Somali Republic's early civilian administration.
Yusuf was born in 1912 in the town of Hobyo (Obbia),situated in the north-central Mudug province of Somalia. [2]
Yusuf hailed from the Osman Mohamoud sub-clan of the Majeerteen,Harti,Darod. [2]
Yusuf's daughter Saida Haji Bashir Ismail later also entered politics. She served as Somali Finance Vice-Minister in the Transitional National Government (TNG) between 2000 and 2004. [3] His son Abdullahi Hagi Bashir Ismail is a First Deputy Director-General of Somali Immigration and Naturalization,One of the high rank Senior Somali Administration Officers,as well as a writer of politics and history. [4] Additionally,Yusuf was also a relative of the Somali-Italian actor and musician Jonis Bashir,and the Somali Politician and businessman Haji Mohamed Yasin Ismail.
Yusuf was a prominent member of the Somali Youth League (SYL),the country's first political party. He joined the organization in 1943, [2] when the SYL was founded as the Somali Youth Club (SYC). The SYL's nationalist constituents were strongly influenced by the Darawiish rebellion at the turn of the 20th century of Diiriye Guure,and Mohammed Abdullah Hassan ("Mad Mullah"),the emir of Diiriye Guure. [5]
In an administrative capacity,Yusuf initially worked in the parliament of the Trust Territory of Somaliland as an MP (Deputato) for the northeastern town of Bosaso. He was also part of a six-member Somali Youth League delegation who made an appeal for early independence before the Four-Power Commission. [6]
On 1 July 1960,Somalia's independence day,the Somali National Assembly headed by Yusuf approved the act of union,joining the Trust Territory of Somaliland (former Italian Somaliland) with the former British Somaliland protectorate. This established the Somali Republic,and Yusuf was appointed the first President of the Somali National Assembly. He was succeeded in office by Jama Abdullahi Qalib. [2]
From mid-July 1960 to mid-1966,Yusuf was elected a Vice-President of the Somali National Assembly,where he worked alongside Ahmed Gumanc. [7]
Yusuf was subsequently appointed Minister of Health and Labour in 1966. He formed a key part of the Somali Republic's early civilian administration. [8]
After a long career in Somali politics,Yusuf eventually retired to Cairo,Egypt. He died there on 2 January 1984,at the age of 72. [2]
Aden Abdulle Osman Da’ar,popularly known as Aden Adde,was a Somali politician who served as the first president of the Somali Republic from 1 July 1960 to 6 July 1967. He had previously served in the Somali Youth League in 1944.
The Majeerteen, alternately known as MohammedHarti,are a prominent Somali sub-clan of the Harti,which falls under the Darod conglomerate of clans. Traditionally,they inhabit extensive territories in the Bari,Nugaal,and Mudug regions of Somalia,spanning from Bosaso to Garacad,mainly in Puntland state. Additionally,Majeerteen populations are present in southern towns such as Kismayo.
Abdirashid Ali Sharmarke,also known as Abdirashid Shermarke,was Prime Minister of Somali Republic from 12 July 1960,to 14 June 1964,and President of Somali Republic from 6 July 1967,until his assassination on October 15,1969. He was the father of Somali Prime Minister Omar Sharmarke.
The Somali Republic was formed by the union of the Trust Territory of Somaliland and the State of Somaliland. A government was formed by Abdullahi Issa Mohamud and Muhammad Haji Ibrahim Egal and other members of the trusteeship and protectorate administrations,with Haji Bashir Ismail Yusuf as President of the Somali National Assembly and Aden Abdullah Osman Daar as President of the Somali Republic. On 22 July 1960,Daar appointed Abdirashid Ali Shermarke as prime minister. On 20 July 1961 and through a popular referendum,Somalia ratified a new constitution,which was first drafted in 1960. The new constitution was rejected by Somaliland.
The Darod is a Somali clan. The forefather of this clan is Sheikh Abdirahman bin Isma'il al-Jabarti,more commonly known as Darod. The clan primarily settles the apex of the Horn of Africa and its peripheries,the Somali hinterlands adjacent to Oromia (Ogaden),and both sides of the Kenya–Somalia border. The Darod clan is the largest Somali clan family in the Horn of Africa.
Abdirizak Haji Hussein was a Somali diplomat and politician. He was the Prime Minister of Somali Republic from 14 June 1964 to 15 July 1967.
The Harti,(Somali:Harti),are a Somali clan that trace their lineage back to SalehAbdi (Harti). They are a sub-clan of the larger Darod clan. Notable sub-clans within Harti include the Majeerteen,Dhulbahante,and the Warsengeli. They predominantly reside in the apex of the Horn of Africa and its surrounding regions. Furthermore,in the southern territories,the clan's settlements span both sides of the Kenya-Somalia border.
The Somali Youth League,initially known as the Somali Youth Club (SYC),was the first political party in Somalia.
Abdullahi Issa Mohamud (Somali:Cabdullaahi Ciise Maxamuud,Arabic:عبداللهعيسىمحمدwas a Somali politician. He was the Prime Minister of Italian Somalia during the trusteeship period,serving from February 29,1949,to July 7,1960.
Osman Mahmoud is a Somali sub-clan and is one of the largest sub-clans within the larger Majeerteen Harti branch of the Darod clan. The sub-clan is most renowned for its rich history within Somalia,that of which include sultanates such as the Majeerteen Sultanate and Hobyo Sultanate.
The Trust Territory of Somaliland,officially the "Trust Territory of Somaliland under Italian administration",was a United Nations Trust Territory from 1950 to 1960,following the dissolution of the former British Military Administration. It was administered by Italy before gaining independence. It covered most of present-day Somalia and its capital was Mogadishu.
Yasin Haji Osman Sharmarke was a Somali political figure and activist.
Osman Haji Mohamed,also known as Osman Baketti,was a Somali politician. He was a prominent figure in the government of the Trust Territory of Somalia and the succeeding civilian administration of independent Somalia.
Saida Haji Bashir Ismail is a Somali politician.
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation of the Republic of Somaliland is the Somaliland Government ministry which oversees the foreign relations of Somaliland. The present minister is Dr Essa Keyd.
The British Military Administration of Somaliland was the control of the regions of British Somaliland and of the former Italian Somaliland by the British from 1941 until 1949. At the end of 1949,it became a United Nations trust territory which would last from 1950 until 1960 whilst under Italian administration.
The Somaliland Declaration of Independence was made on 18 May 1991 by Somali sultans from the Isaaq,Dhulbahante,Issa,Gadabursi,Warsangali clans,as well as the Somali National Movement.
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