Hans Röhrig

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Hans Roehrig
Born(1919-11-04)4 November 1919
Hindenburg, Upper Silesia
Died13 July 1943(1943-07-13) (aged 23)
near Siracusa, Sicily
AllegianceFlag of Germany (1935-1945).svg  Nazi Germany
Service/branch Luftwaffe
Years of service1939–1943
Rank Hauptmann
UnitErpr.Gr. 210, JG 53
Battles/warsWorld War II
Awards Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross

Hans Roehrig (4 November 1919 – 13 July 1943) was a former German Luftwaffe fighter ace and recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross during World War II. Hans Roehrig was credited with 75 victories. He recorded 56 victories over the Eastern Front and 19 victories recorded over the Western Front.

Contents

Career

Roehrig was born on 4 November 1919 in Hindenburg in the Province of Upper Silesia, present-day Zabrze, Poland. [1]

Roehrig was first assigned to Erprobungsgruppe 210. He flew many fighter-bomber missions over England during the Battle of Britain and according to one source, recorded five aerial victories during this time but those victories remain unconfirmed. On 1 May 1941, Roehrig was transferred to Jagdgeschwader 53 (JG 53—53rd Fighter Wing) stationed on the Eastern Front.

On 4 July 1941, Roehrig sustained minor injuries during a takeoff accident when his Messerschmitt Bf 109  F-2 (Werknummer 6726—factory number) flipped over at Hostynne. [2]

He recorded his first victory on 25 July, when he shot down a Russian DB-3 twin-engine bomber. Roehrig relocated with 3./JG 53 to the Mediterranean theatre at the end of 1941. From bases in Sicily, he flew missions over Malta but was unable to add any further victory during this time.

In May 1942, I./JG 53 relocated back to the Eastern Front. On 30 June 1942, Roehrig engaged in aerial combat with Soviet fighters east of Kshensky. In this engagement, his Bf 109 F-4 trop (Werknummer 10234—factory number) took a hit in the cabin, injuring Roehrig. [3] On 6 August, Roehrig was shot down in his Bf 109 G-2 (Werknummer 13480) and sustained minor injuries. [4] His victor may have been the Soviet ace Starshiy Leytenant Mikhail Baranov (183 IAP, 269 IAD) flying a Yakovlev Yak-1 fighter. [5] [Note 1] At that time, Roehrig had eight victories to his credit. Roehrig claimed his 10th victory on 20 August. In September, Roehrig was particularly successful recording 39 victories during the month. In September 1942, Roehrig had reached 56 victories.

On 28 September 1942, I. Gruppe was withdrawn from the Eastern Front and ordered to Munich-Riem where they would be reequipped with the Bf 109 G-2 trop for redeployment in the Mediterranean theater. [6]

Roehrig was awarded the Ritterkreuz on 2 October 1942. During October, the unit operated over Malta to participate into bomber escort missions.

Squadron leader

In November 1942, Roehrig was appointed Staffelkapitän (squadron leader) of 9. Staffel of JG 53. He replaced Oberleutnant Franz Götz who had been appointed Gruppenkommandeur (group commander) of III. Gruppe of JG 53, a Gruppe to which 9. Staffel was subordinated. [7] He successfully led the unit during the campaigns in Tunisia and Sicily. On 18 May 1943, Roehrig claimed a Lockheed P-38 Lightning twin-engine fighter aircraft shot down 70 kilometers (43 miles) northwest of Trapani. That day, the Western Allies had begun an air offensive in preparation for Operation Corkscrew, the invasion of Pantelleria, attacking airfields in Sicily and Sardinia. Returning from this attack, United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) P-38 fighters from the 14th Fighter Group and Luftwaffe fighters from both Jagdgeschwader 27 (JG 27—27th Fighter Wing) and III. Gruppe of JG 53, engaged in aerial combat. In this encounter, Luftwaffe pilots claimed eleven aerial victories for the loss of one Bf 109 shot down, the pilot escaping unhurt. The USAAF pilots claimed five Bf 109s shot down, further claiming to have damaged five other German aircraft, for the loss of four of their own, one pilot became a prisoner of war, one was killed in action and two were reported as missing in action. [8]

On 9 July 1943, the Western Allies launched Operation Husky, the Allied invasion of Sicily. [9] He recorded his last victories, two USAAF P-38 fighters, over Sicily on 11 July 1943. He shot down another two USAAF P-38 on the same day.

On 13 July 1943, Roehrig led 9. Staffel of JG 53 on a fighter escort missions for Junkers Ju 52 transport aircraft to drop Fallschirmjäger on the Catania plains. That day, he was last seen 15 kilometers (9.3 miles) west of Augusta. [10] Roehrig was shot down and killed in action in aerial combat by Supermarine Spitfire fighters in his Bf 109 G-4 trop (Werknummer 15063) in the area of Syracuse. [11] Roehrig was succeeded by Oberleutnant Franz Barten as commander of 9. Staffel. [12] Posthumously, Roehrig was promoted to Hauptmann (captain) on 1 September 1943. [13]

Summary of career

Aerial victory claims

According to Spick, Roehrig was credited with 75 aerial victories claimed in an unknown number of missions. This figure is made up of approximately 50 aerial victories on the Eastern Front, the remaining aerial victories were claimed over the Western Allies in the Meditareanean theater and includes one four-engine heavy bomber. [14] Mathews and Foreman, authors of Luftwaffe Aces — Biographies and Victory Claims, researched the German Federal Archives and found records for 74 aerial victory claims, plus one further unconfirmed claim. This figure includes 58 aerial victories on the Eastern Front and another 16 over the Western Allies, including one four-engined bomber. [15]

Victory claims were logged to a map-reference (PQ = Planquadrat), for example "PQ 4927". The Luftwaffe grid map (Jägermeldenetz) covered all of Europe, western Russia and North Africa and was composed of rectangles measuring 15 minutes of latitude by 30 minutes of longitude, an area of about 360 square miles (930 km2). These sectors were then subdivided into 36 smaller units to give a location area 3 km × 4 km (1.9 mi × 2.5 mi) in size. [16]

Chronicle of aerial victories
  This and the ♠ (Ace of spades) indicates those aerial victories which made Roehrig an "ace-in-a-day", a term which designates a fighter pilot who has shot down five or more airplanes in a single day.
  This and the – (dash) indicates unconfirmed aerial victory claims for which Roehrig did not receive credit.
  This and the ? (question mark) indicates information discrepancies listed by Prien, Stemmer, Rodeike, Bock, Mathews and Foreman.
ClaimDateTimeTypeLocationClaimDateTimeTypeLocation
– 3. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 53 – [17]
Operation Barbarossa — 22 June – 7 August 1941
125 July 194118:50 DB-3 [18] 33 August 194114:45 I-16 [19]
230 July 194113:40 I-153 northeast of Bila Tserkva [19] 43 August 194114:50V-11 (Il-2)east of Pervomaisk [19]
– 3. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 53 – [20]
Eastern Front — 28 May – 27 September 1942
55 June 194212:40I-61 (MiG-3) [21] 3211 September 194216:07 Pe-2 PQ 4927 [22]
15 km (9.3 mi) east of Stalingrad
630 June 194210:40 Boston 8 km (5.0 mi) east of Kschen [23] 3312 September 194206:02? [Note 2] La-5 PQ 4941 [22]
15 km (9.3 mi) southeast of Stalingrad
731 July 194213:58Il-2PQ 3915 [25]
25 km (16 mi) northwest of Kalach
3412 September 194216:50La-5PQ 4941 [22]
15 km (9.3 mi) southeast of Stalingrad
831 July 194214:10Il-2PQ 3919 [25]
vicinity of Kalach
3512 September 194216:57La-5PQ 4929 [22]
40 km (25 mi) east of Stalingrad
95 August 194211:24 MiG-1 PQ 38161 [26]
20 km (12 mi) east-northeast of Kotelnikovo
3613 September 194209:35 P-40 PQ 49164 [22]
vicinity of Grebenka
106 August 194206:15 MiG-3 PQ 39891 [26]
vicinity of Aksal
3713 September 194215:46 LaGG-3 PQ 4941 [22]
15 km (9.3 mi) southeast of Stalingrad
1113 August 194210:12LaGG-3east of Stalingrad [27] 3814 September 194216:07? [Note 3] LaGG-3PQ 49471 [28]
10 km (6.2 mi) east of Stalingrad
1220 August 194216:04I-180 (Yak-7)PQ 49592 [29]
50 km (31 mi) south of Stalingrad
3914 September 194216:48? [Note 4] LaGG-3PQ 49472 [28]
10 km (6.2 mi) east of Stalingrad
1320 August 194216:07I-180 (Yak-7)PQ 49532 [29]
30 km (19 mi) south of Stalingrad
4018 September 194210:55Il-2PQ 4057 [30]
20 km (12 mi) north-northeast of Stalingrad
1421 August 194214:40LaGG-3PQ 4941 [31]
15 km (9.3 mi) southeast of Stalingrad
4118 September 194215:20 Yak-1 PQ 4913 [30]
10 km (6.2 mi) north of Grebenka
1522 August 194212:30Pe-2PQ 5913 [31]
50 km (31 mi) east-northeast of Stalingrad
4218 September 194215:29Yak-1PQ 4053 [30]
65 km (40 mi) north of Grebenka
1623 August 194212:20MiG-1PQ 4927 [31]
15 km (9.3 mi) east of Stalingrad
4319 September 194209:27Yak-1PQ 49132 [30]
10 km (6.2 mi) north of Grebenka
1724 August 194212:10LaGG-3PQ 4927 [32]
15 km (9.3 mi) east of Stalingrad
4419 September 194209:32? [Note 5] Yak-1PQ 49132 [30]
10 km (6.2 mi) north of Grebenka
1828 August 194208:12? [Note 6] P-40PQ 4943 [32]
40 km (25 mi) east-southeast of Stalingrad
4519 September 194209:33? [Note 7] Yak-1PQ 49122 [30]
15 km (9.3 mi) north of Gumrak
1929 August 194209:17MiG-1PQ 3946 [32]
20 km (12 mi) southwest of Bassargino
4619 September 194213:55Yak-1PQ 49432 [33]
35 km (22 mi) east of Stalingrad
202 September 194214:55Il-2PQ 4918 [34]
vicinity of Bassargino
47♠20 September 194209:15Yak-1PQ 4913 [33]
10 km (6.2 mi) north of Grebenka
214 September 194213:45Il-2PQ 4954 [34] 48♠20 September 194211:55P-40PQ 4943 [33]
40 km (25 mi) east-southeast of Stalingrad
224 September 194213:50Il-2PQ 4956 [34] 49♠20 September 194212:15LaGG-3PQ 4929 [33]
40 km (25 mi) east of Stalingrad
238 September 194211:55Il-2PQ 5933 [35]
80 km (50 mi) east of Stalingrad
50♠20 September 194214:03? [Note 8] Yak-1PQ 4945 [33]
30 km (19 mi) southeast of Stalingrad
248 September 194216:40Yak-1PQ 4075 [35] 51♠20 September 194214:12? [Note 9] Yak-1PQ 4943 [33]
40 km (25 mi) east-southeast of Stalingrad
258 September 194217:10? [Note 10] U-2 PQ 5063 [35]
75 km (47 mi) north of Pitomnik Airfield
5222 September 194216:27Yak-1PQ 4922 [33]
25 km (16 mi) east-northeast of Stalingrad
269 September 194210:50Il-2PQ 4055 [35]
55 km (34 mi) north of Gumrak
5323 September 194209:18Yak-1PQ 4078 [33]
20 km (12 mi) north of Gumrak
279 September 194210:53Il-2PQ 4055 [35]
55 km (34 mi) north of Gumrak
5423 September 194209:21? [Note 11] Yak-1PQ 4075 [33]
30 km (19 mi) north of Gumrak
289 September 194217:45Il-2PQ 4043 [35]
40 km (25 mi) east-southeast of Stalingrad
5523 September 194216:26Yak-1PQ 4078 [33]
30 km (19 mi) north of Gumrak
2910 September 194208:34Yak-1PQ 4928 [35]
25 km (16 mi) east of Stalingrad
5624 September 194216:35Yak-1PQ 4079 [33]
15 km (9.3 mi) north of Grebenka
3010 September 194215:45I-180 (Yak-7)PQ 4945 [35]
30 km (19 mi) southeast of Stalingrad
5725 September 194213:52? [Note 12] Yak-1PQ 49263 [33]
35 km (22 mi) east of Stalingrad
3111 September 194205:30LaGG-3PQ 4991 [22]
15 km (9.3 mi) southeast of Stalingrad
5825 September 194214:02Yak-1PQ 49264 [33]
35 km (22 mi) east of Stalingrad
– 3. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 53 – [24]
Mediterranean Theater — 1 October – 31 December 1942
5912 October 1942? [Note 13] 11:07 Spitfire [36] Malta 6012 October 1942? [Note 14] 11:08Spitfire [36] Malta
– 9. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 53 – [37]
Mediterranean Theater — 1 January – 13 July 1943
 ? [Note 15] 24 January 194307:42Spitfire6825 June 194312:06 B-17 Strait of Messina [39]
61? [Note 16] 29 January 194311:33Boston30 km (19 mi) northeast of Bizerte [38] 694 July 194313:15 B-25 15 km (9.3 mi) south of Gela [39]
6218 May 194314:08 P-38 20 km (12 mi) northwest of Trapani [40] 706 July 194315:15Spitfire5 km (3.1 mi) east of Capo Passero [39]
6319 May 194314:25P-38southeast of Sant'Antioco [40]
9 July 1943
P-40 [39]
6422 May 194316:15P-3815 km (9.3 mi) south-southeast of Marettimo [39] 719 July 194314:34Boston4 km (2.5 mi) south of Gela [39]
655 June 194315:09B-2560 km (37 mi) south-southwest of Porto Palo [39] 7210 July 194319:35Spitfire5 km (3.1 mi) northeast of Syracuse [39]
667 June 194306:45P-407 km (4.3 mi) east of Cape Bon [39] 7311 July 194311:25P-3815 km (9.3 mi) south of Pachino [39]
6713 June 194313:24 P-39 30 km (19 mi) north-northeast of Pantellaria [39] 7411 July 194313:15P-3810 km (6.2 mi) southwest Catania [39]

Awards

Notes

  1. IAP—Istrebitelny Aviatsionny Polk (Fighter Aviation Regiment—Истребительный Авиационный Полк)
  2. According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 06:07. [24]
  3. According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 10:57. [24]
  4. According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 16:46. [24]
  5. According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 09:30. [24]
  6. According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 08:10. [24]
  7. According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 09:32. [24]
  8. According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 14:40. [24]
  9. According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 14:52. [24]
  10. According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 17:16. [24]
  11. According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 09:20. [24]
  12. According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 13:58. [24]
  13. According to Mathews and Foreman claimed on 14 October 1942. [24]
  14. According to Mathews and Foreman claimed on 18 October 1942. [24]
  15. According to Prien, Stemmer, Rodeike and Bock, this claim is attributed to Leutnant Walter Hicke and not to Roehrig. [38]
  16. This claim is not listed by Mathews and Foreman. [24]
  17. According to Scherzer as pilot in the III./Jagdgeschwader 53. [43]

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References

Citations

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