Henderskelfe Castle | |
---|---|
North Yorkshire, England | |
Coordinates | 54°7′17″N0°54′21″W / 54.12139°N 0.90583°W |
Grid reference | grid reference SP00109848 |
Type | Castle |
Site information | |
Open to the public | [Technically] Yes |
Condition | Destroyed |
Site history | |
Built | c. 1330–50 |
In use | c. 1330–50 – 1699 |
Materials | unknown |
Events | Construction of Castle Howard |
Henderskelfe Castle, or Henderskelf Castle in older texts, was a Medieval castle in Henderskelfe, North Yorkshire. It stood on what is now the site of Castle Howard, a large stately home. [1]
Pottery fragments from the 13th and 14th centuries have been found near the castle grounds, suggesting that the site of the castle was occupied from at least the 1200s. [2]
The estate was owned by the Greystoke family during the early 14th century, who built Henderskelfe Castle around c. 1330–1350. [3] The castle was in ruins by 1359 and must have been rebuilt at least once before the fortifications were added in 1500. [2] John Leyland, visiting sometime between c. 1538 and 1543, described the castle as "a fine quadrant of stone having a 4-toures buildid castelle like, though no ample thing". [4] [5]
In 1577, the 4th Duke of Norfolk's third son, Lord William Howard, married his step-sister Elizabeth Dacre, youngest daughter of the 4th Baron Dacre. She brought with her the sizable estates of Henderskelfe Castle and Naworth Castle. [6]
The castle was rebuilt in 1683 but burnt down in 1693 [7] before the entire village of Henderskelfe, including the castle, was demolished between 1699 and 1720 to make way for Castle Howard; the site of Henderskelfe now lays within the gardens of Castle Howard. [1] [7] [8]
The site of Henderskelfe was excavated on Time Team (series 10, episode 11) in 2003 with the team using Hawksmoor's 1694 map of the estate to identify the location of the lost village. [2] Excavations continued for several years after and they identified the completeness of the demolition of the castle and the associated village.
Castle Howard is a stately home in North Yorkshire, England, within the civil parish of Henderskelfe, located 15 miles (24 km) north of York. It is a private residence and has been the home of the Carlisle branch of the Howard family for more than 300 years. Castle Howard is not a fortified structure, but the term "castle" is sometimes used in the name of an English country house that was built on the site of a former castle.
Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk,, was an English nobleman and politician. He was a second cousin of Queen Elizabeth I and held many high offices during the earlier part of her reign.
Earl of Carlisle is a title that has been created three times in the Peerage of England.
Baron Dacre is a title that has been created three times in the Peerage of England, each time by writ.
Lord William Howard was an English nobleman and antiquary, sometimes known as "Belted Will" or "Bauld (bold) Will".
The Rising of the North of 1569, also called the Revolt of the Northern Earls or Northern Rebellion, was an unsuccessful attempt by Catholic nobles from Northern England to depose Queen Elizabeth I of England and replace her with Mary, Queen of Scots.
Naworth Castle, also known or recorded in historical documents as "Naward", is a castle in Cumbria, England, near the town of Brampton. It is adjacent to the A69 road from Newcastle upon Tyne to Carlisle, about 2 miles (3.2 km) east of Brampton. It is on the opposite side of the River Irthing to, and just within sight of, Lanercost Priory where the Dacre and Howard families are buried or have their memorials, although some are buried at Carlisle Cathedral. Naworth was the seat of the Barons Dacre and is now that of their cognatic descendants, the Earls of Carlisle, who belong to the prominent Howard family. It is a Grade I listed building and was an impregnable fortress for the Dacres, where they retreated in times of trouble.
Margaret Howard, Duchess of Norfolk was a 16th-century English noble. She was the sole surviving child of Thomas Audley, 1st Baron Audley of Walden, and Lady Elizabeth Grey, herself the daughter of Thomas Grey, 2nd Marquess of Dorset, and his wife Margaret Wotton, therefore Margaret was a niece of Henry Grey, Duke of Suffolk and first cousin of Lady Jane Grey.
Henry Clifford, 2nd Earl of Cumberland was a member of the Clifford family, seated at Skipton Castle from 1310 to 1676. His wife was Lady Eleanor Brandon, a niece of King Henry VIII.After her death, he married Anne Dacre.
Greystoke Castle is in the village of Greystoke 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) west of Penrith in the county of Cumbria in northern England.. It is owned by the Howard family and is a private residence including a castle and family estate with no public access.
Thomas Dacre, 2nd Baron Dacre of Gilsland, KG was the son of Humphrey Dacre, 1st Baron Dacre of Gilsland and Mabel Parr, daughter of Sir Thomas Parr of Kendal by his wife, Alice Tunstall. Mabel was the first of the Parr family to marry into the peerage but she was surpassed by her great niece, Catherine Parr, who became the sixth and final wife of Henry VIII.
George James Howard, 9th Earl of Carlisle, known as George Howard until 1889, was an English aristocrat, peer, politician, and painter. He was the last Earl of Carlisle to own Castle Howard.
Hornby Castle is a grade I listed fortified manor house on the edge of Wensleydale between Bedale and Leyburn, in the county of North Yorkshire, England.
Anne Howard, Countess of Arundel, was an English poet, noblewoman, and religious conspirator. She lived a life devoted to her son, Thomas Howard, and religion, as she converted to the illegal and underground Catholic Church in England in 1582, in defiance of the Protestant Queen Elizabeth I's policy of Caesaropapism. She was known to be a "woman of strong character, and of religious desposition... whose influence soon made itself felt upon her husband... the increasing seriousness of his thoughts led him in the direction of Romanism...". She was also known as an author of Christian poetry and for literary works written about her.
Leonard Dacre was an English nobleman, one of the promoters of the Northern Rebellion against Queen Elizabeth.
Lady Alice Fiennes was the eldest daughter and co-heiress of Henry FitzHugh, 5th Baron FitzHugh, and Alice Neville. Alice was born at the ancestral castle of Ravensworth. She married Sir John Fiennes, the son of Sir Richard Fiennes and Joan Dacre, 7th Baroness Dacre. Alice was a first cousin of Queen consort Anne Neville and a great-aunt of Queen consort Catherine Parr.
Elizabeth Leyburne, Duchess of Norfolk, was a member of the English nobility. She first married Thomas Dacre, 4th Baron Dacre; following his death in 1566, she secretly married Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk. She was his third wife.
Thomas Dacre, 4th Baron Dacre of Gilsland, 8th Baron Greystoke was an English Member of Parliament and after his father's death a peer and major landowner in the counties of Cumberland, Yorkshire and Northumberland.
William Eure, 4th Baron Eure was an English nobleman.
Henderskelfe is a civil parish in North Yorkshire, England. The parish does not contain any villages, though it is named after a previous settlement and castle which occupied the land on which Castle Howard is now built. Historically the area was a township in the ecclesiastical parish of Bulmer, however it has been its own civil parish since 1866.