Hesperadin

Last updated
Hesperadin
Hesperadin.svg
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
N-[(3Z)-2-Oxo-3-(phenyl{4-[(piperidin-1-yl)methyl]anilino}methylidene)-2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-5-yl]ethanesulfonamide
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
PubChem CID
UNII
  • InChI=1S/C29H32N4O3S/c1-2-37(35,36)32-24-15-16-26-25(19-24)27(29(34)31-26)28(22-9-5-3-6-10-22)30-23-13-11-21(12-14-23)20-33-17-7-4-8-18-33/h3,5-6,9-16,19,30,32H,2,4,7-8,17-18,20H2,1H3,(H,31,34)/b28-27- X mark.svgN
    Key: GLDSKRNGVVYJAB-DQSJHHFOSA-N X mark.svgN
  • InChI=1/C29H32N4O3S/c1-2-37(35,36)32-24-15-16-26-25(19-24)27(29(34)31-26)28(22-9-5-3-6-10-22)30-23-13-11-21(12-14-23)20-33-17-7-4-8-18-33/h3,5-6,9-16,19,30,32H,2,4,7-8,17-18,20H2,1H3,(H,31,34)/b28-27-
    Key: GLDSKRNGVVYJAB-DQSJHHFOBF
  • CCS(=O)(=O)NC1=CC2=C(C=C1)NC(=O)C2=C(C3=CC=CC=C3)NC4=CC=C(C=C4)CN5CCCCC5
Properties
C29H32N4O3S
Molar mass 516.66 g·mol−1
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
X mark.svgN  verify  (what is  Yes check.svgYX mark.svgN ?)

Hesperadin is an aurora kinase inhibitor.

The small molecule inhibits chromosome alignment and segregation by limiting the function of mitotic kinases Aurora B and Aurora A. Hesperadin causes cells to enter anaphase much faster, sometimes before the chromosomes are properly bi-oriented. [1]

Hesperadin, like other miotic inhibitors, limits and sometimes can stop the process of mitosis in cells. For this reason, some have considered hesperadin's potential as a cancer-preventing drug. [2]

Hesperadin works as an inhibitor, attaching to the active sites of Aurora A and Aurora B kinases. [2]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cell cycle</span> Series of events and stages that result in cell division

The cell cycle, or cell-division cycle, is the series of events that take place in a cell that cause it to divide into two daughter cells. These events include the duplication of its DNA and some of its organelles, and subsequently the partitioning of its cytoplasm, chromosomes and other components into two daughter cells in a process called cell division.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Spindle apparatus</span> Feature of biological cell structure

In cell biology, the spindle apparatus refers to the cytoskeletal structure of eukaryotic cells that forms during cell division to separate sister chromatids between daughter cells. It is referred to as the mitotic spindle during mitosis, a process that produces genetically identical daughter cells, or the meiotic spindle during meiosis, a process that produces gametes with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cell growth</span> Increase in the total cell mass

Cell growth refers to an increase in the total mass of a cell, including both cytoplasmic, nuclear and organelle volume. Cell growth occurs when the overall rate of cellular biosynthesis is greater than the overall rate of cellular degradation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Spindle checkpoint</span> Cell cycle checkpoint

The spindle checkpoint, also known as the metaphase-to-anaphase transition, the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC), the metaphase checkpoint, or the mitotic checkpoint, is a cell cycle checkpoint during mitosis or meiosis that prevents the separation of the duplicated chromosomes (anaphase) until each chromosome is properly attached to the spindle. To achieve proper segregation, the two kinetochores on the sister chromatids must be attached to opposite spindle poles. Only this pattern of attachment will ensure that each daughter cell receives one copy of the chromosome. The defining biochemical feature of this checkpoint is the stimulation of the anaphase-promoting complex by M-phase cyclin-CDK complexes, which in turn causes the proteolytic destruction of cyclins and proteins that hold the sister chromatids together.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cell cycle checkpoint</span> Control mechanism in the eukaryotic cell cycle

Cell cycle checkpoints are control mechanisms in the eukaryotic cell cycle which ensure its proper progression. Each checkpoint serves as a potential termination point along the cell cycle, during which the conditions of the cell are assessed, with progression through the various phases of the cell cycle occurring only when favorable conditions are met. There are many checkpoints in the cell cycle, but the three major ones are: the G1 checkpoint, also known as the Start or restriction checkpoint or Major Checkpoint; the G2/M checkpoint; and the metaphase-to-anaphase transition, also known as the spindle checkpoint. Progression through these checkpoints is largely determined by the activation of cyclin-dependent kinases by regulatory protein subunits called cyclins, different forms of which are produced at each stage of the cell cycle to control the specific events that occur therein.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Reversine</span> Chemical compound

Reversine, or 2-(4-morpholinoanilino)-6-cyclohexylaminopurine, is a small molecule developed by the group of Peter G. Schultz, used for stem cell dedifferentiation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aurora kinase A</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Aurora kinase A also known as serine/threonine-protein kinase 6 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the AURKA gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aurora kinase B</span> Protein

Aurora kinase B is a protein that functions in the attachment of the mitotic spindle to the centromere.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aurora inhibitor</span>

Aurora kinase inhibitors are a putative drug class for treating cancer. The Aurora kinase enzymes could be potential targets for novel small-molecule enzyme inhibitors.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">CHEK1</span>

Checkpoint kinase 1, commonly referred to as Chk1, is a serine/threonine-specific protein kinase that, in humans, is encoded by the CHEK1 gene. Chk1 coordinates the DNA damage response (DDR) and cell cycle checkpoint response. Activation of Chk1 results in the initiation of cell cycle checkpoints, cell cycle arrest, DNA repair and cell death to prevent damaged cells from progressing through the cell cycle.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">PLK1</span> Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens

Serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK1, also known as polo-like kinase 1 (PLK-1) or serine/threonine-protein kinase 13 (STPK13), is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PLK1 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">CDC20</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

The cell division cycle protein 20 homolog is an essential regulator of cell division that is encoded by the CDC20 gene in humans. To the best of current knowledge its most important function is to activate the anaphase promoting complex (APC/C), a large 11-13 subunit complex that initiates chromatid separation and entrance into anaphase. The APC/CCdc20 protein complex has two main downstream targets. Firstly, it targets securin for destruction, enabling the eventual destruction of cohesin and thus sister chromatid separation. It also targets S and M-phase (S/M) cyclins for destruction, which inactivates S/M cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) and allows the cell to exit from mitosis. A closely related protein, Cdc20homologue-1 (Cdh1) plays a complementary role in the cell cycle.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wee1-like protein kinase</span>

WEE1 homolog , also known as WEE1, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the WEE1 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">BUB1B</span>

Mitotic checkpoint serine/threonine-protein kinase BUB1 beta is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the BUB1B gene. Also known as BubR1, this protein is recognized for its mitotic roles in the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) and kinetochore-microtubule interactions that facilitate chromosome migration and alignment. BubR1 promotes mitotic fidelity and protects against aneuploidy by ensuring proper chromosome segregation between daughter cells. BubR1 is proposed to prevent tumorigenesis.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aurora kinase C</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Aurora kinase C, also Serine/threonine-protein kinase 13 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the AURKC gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mitotic catastrophe</span>

Mitotic Catastrophe has been defined as either a cellular mechanism to prevent potentially cancerous cells from proliferating or as a mode of cellular death that occurs following improper cell cycle progression or entrance. Mitotic catastrophe can be induced by prolonged activation of the spindle assembly checkpoint, errors in mitosis, or DNA damage and functioned to prevent genomic instability. It is a mechanism that is being researched as a potential therapeutic target in cancers, and numerous approved therapeutics induce mitotic catastrophe.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">BI 811283</span>

BI 811283 is a small molecule inhibitor of the Aurora B kinase protein being developed by Boehringer Ingelheim for use as an anti-cancer agent. BI 811283 is currently in the early stages of clinical development and is undergoing first in human trials in patients with solid tumors and acute myeloid leukemia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Multipolar spindles</span>

Multipolar spindles are spindle formations characteristic of cancer cells. Spindle formation is mostly conducted by the aster of the centrosome which it forms around itself. In a mitotic cell wherever two asters convene the formation of a spindle occurs.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kinesin-like protein KIF11</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Kinesin-like protein KIF11 is a molecular motor protein that is essential in mitosis. In humans it is coded for by the gene KIF11. Kinesin-like protein KIF11 is a member of the kinesin superfamily, which are nanomotors that move along microtubule tracks in the cell. Named from studies in the early days of discovery, it is also known as Kinesin-5, or as BimC, Eg5 or N-2, based on the founding members of this kinesin family.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Andrea Musacchio</span> Italian biologist

Andrea Musacchio is an Italian structural biologist. He is Max Planck director at the Institute of Molecular Physiology in Dortmund. He is also Honorary Professor at the Center for Medical Biotechnology at the University of Duisburg-Essen. He was named European Molecular Biology Organization member in 2009.

References

  1. Hauf, Silke; Cole, Richard W.; LaTerra, Sabrina; Zimmer, Christine; Schnapp, Gisela; Walter, Rainer; Heckel, Armin; van Meel, Jacques; Rieder, Conly L. (2003-04-28). "The small molecule Hesperadin reveals a role for Aurora B in correcting kinetochore-microtubule attachment and in maintaining the spindle assembly checkpoint". The Journal of Cell Biology. 161 (2): 281–294. doi:10.1083/jcb.200208092. ISSN   0021-9525. PMC   2172906 . PMID   12707311.
  2. 1 2 Jetton, Neal; Rothberg, Karen G.; Hubbard, James G.; Wise, John; Li, Yan; Ball, Haydn L.; Ruben, Larry (April 2009). "The cell cycle as a therapeutic target againstTrypanosoma brucei: Hesperadin inhibits Aurora kinase-1 and blocks mitotic progression in bloodstream forms". Molecular Microbiology. 72 (2): 442–458. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2009.06657.x. ISSN   0950-382X. PMC   2697958 . PMID   19320832.