| Hexomyza simplicoides | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Diptera |
| Family: | Agromyzidae |
| Genus: | Hexomyza |
| Species: | H. simplicoides |
| Binomial name | |
| Hexomyza simplicoides (Hendel, 1920) | |
| Synonyms | |
Melanagromyza simplicoidesHendel, 1920 | |
Hexomyza simplicoides is a species of fly in the family Agromyzidae and forms woody galls on many species of willow.
The woody gall is a spindle-shaped swelling tapering into the stem. It is about 2 cm long and at its widest 0.5 cm, but can be indistinct, with the stem barely swollen. Several galls may form around the stem. During the summer there is one white larva in a spherical chamber, which pupates and overwinters in the gall. [1] The puparium is yellowish, with bright reddish brown front segments. [2]
Goat willow (S. caprea) is considered to be the main host but has been recorded from many species of sallow including S. alba, S. triandra and S. viminalis and on the hybrids between them. [1] Also recorded on S. aurita, S. cinerea, S. cinerea subsp. oleifolia, S. pedicellata and S. repens [3]
Recorded from Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Kyrgyzstan, Lithuania, Netherlands, Poland, Spain and Switzerland. [2] [3]
Bark is the outermost layers of stems and roots of woody plants. Plants with bark include trees, woody vines, and shrubs. Bark refers to all the tissues outside the vascular cambium and is a nontechnical term. It overlays the wood and consists of the inner bark and the outer bark. The inner bark, which in older stems is living tissue, includes the innermost layer of the periderm. The outer bark on older stems includes the dead tissue on the surface of the stems, along with parts of the outermost periderm and all the tissues on the outer side of the periderm. The outer bark on trees which lies external to the living periderm is also called the rhytidome.
Salix caprea, known as goat willow, pussy willow or great sallow, is a common species of willow native to Europe and western and central Asia.
Salix × fragilis, with the common names crack willow and brittle willow, is a hybrid species of willow native to Europe and Western Asia. It is native to riparian habitats, usually found growing beside rivers and streams, and in marshes and water meadow channels. It is a hybrid between Salix euxina and Salix alba, and is very variable, with forms linking both parents.
Salix cinerea is a species of willow native to Europe and western Asia.
Salix nigra, the black willow, is a species of willow native to eastern North America, from New Brunswick and southern Ontario west to Minnesota, and south to northern Florida and Texas.
Hydrangea arborescens, commonly known as smooth hydrangea, wild hydrangea, sevenbark, or in some cases, sheep flower, is a species of flowering plant in the family Hydrangeaceae. It is a small- to medium-sized, multi-stemmed, deciduous shrub up to 2 m (7 ft) tall that is native to the eastern United States.
Rabdophaga rosaria is a gall midge which forms Camellia galls or terminal rosette gall on willow species. It was first described by Hermann Loew in 1850.
Synanthedon flaviventris, the sallow clearwing, is a moth of the family Sesiidae. The larvae form pear-shaped galls on sallows.
Rabdophaga jaapi is a species of gall midges which forms galls on creeping willow.
Hexomyza is a genus of flies belonging to the family Agromyzidae.
Rabdophaga saliciperda is a species of gall midges which forms galls on willows. It was first described by Léon Jean Marie Dufour in 1841.
Rabdophaga salicis is a gall midge which forms galls on sallows. It was first described by Franz von Paula Schrank in 1803.
Rabdophaga karschi is a gall midge which forms galls on the twigs of sallows.
Rabdophaga dubiosa is a gall midge which forms galls on the young shoots of willow.
Rabdophaga pierreana is a gall midge which forms galls on the young shoots of willow. It was first described by Jean-Jacques Kieffer in 1909.
Cydia servillana is a moth of the family Tortricidae which forms galls on the young shoots of willow. It was first described by Philogène Auguste Joseph Duponchel in 1836.
Euura auritae is a species of sawfly belonging to the family Tenthredinidae. The larvae forms galls on willows. It was first described by Jens-Peter Kopelke in 2000. E. auritae is one of a number of closely related species which is known as the Euura atra subgroup.
Rabdophaga nervorum is a gall midge which forms galls on the leaves of sallows. It is found in Europe and was first described by the French entomologist, Jean-Jacques Kieffer in 1895.
Iteomyia capreae is a gall midge which forms galls on willows. It was first described by Johannes Winnertz in 1853.
Aculus tetanothrix is a species of mite which causes galls on the leaves of willows. It was first described by Alfred Nalepa in 1889.
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