This article is about telecommunications systems in Armenia.
Telecommunications in Australia refers to communication in Australia through electronic means, using devices such as telephone, television, radio or computer, and services such as the telephony and broadband networks. Telecommunications have always been important in Australia given the 'tyranny of distance' with a dispersed population. Governments have driven telecommunication development and have a key role in its regulation.
Singtel Optus Pty Limited trading as Optus is the second largest telecommunications company in Australia and is a wholly owned subsidiary of Singaporean company Singtel. The company primarily trades under the Optus brand, while maintaining several wholly owned subsidiary brands, such as Virgin Mobile Australia in the mobile telephony market, Uecomm in the network services market and Alphawest in the ICT services sector.
iiNet Limited is an Australian internet service provider. It was acquired by TPG Telecom in September 2015 for $1.56 billion, but retained its retail brand name in the market. Its subsidiaries include Internode, Westnet, AAPT Limited, Adam Internet, TransACT and Netspace. The company provides ADSL-based Internet access, using their own ADSL2+ infrastructure and reselling Telstra ADSL services, as well as reselling the NBN. iiNet also provides optical-fibre, dial-up, and voice services.
AARNet provides Internet services to the Australian education and research communities and their research partners.
Internet censorship in Australia is enforced by both the country's criminal law as well as voluntarily enacted by internet service providers. The Australian Communications and Media Authority (ACMA) has the power to enforce content restrictions on Internet content hosted within Australia, and maintain a blacklist of overseas websites which is then provided for use in filtering software. The restrictions focus primarily on child pornography, sexual violence, and other illegal activities, compiled as a result of a consumer complaints process.
Tiscali s.p.a. is an Italian telecommunications company, based in Cagliari, Sardinia, that provides internet and telecommunications services to its domestic market. It previously had operations in other European nations through its acquisition of many smaller European Internet Service Providers (ISPs) in the late 1990s.
A naked DSL, also known as standalone or dry loop DSL) is a digital subscriber line (DSL) without a PSTN service — or the associated dial tone. In other words, only a standalone DSL Internet service is provided on the local loop.
G.992.5 is an ITU-T standard for asymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL) broadband Internet access. The standard has a maximum theoretical download speed of 24 Mbit/s. Utilizing G.992.5 Annex M upload speeds of 3.3 Mbit/s can be achieved.
Eftel Limited is an internet service provider and telecommunications provider in Australia, with approximately 120,000 active accounts. It was established in 1999. Eftel offers a range of services including: DSL and dial-up Internet access, web hosting and telephony services - to the retail, corporate and wholesale telecommunications markets.
Permanent Internet access was first available in Australia to universities via AARNet in 1989. Pegasus Networks pioneered public use in June 1989. The first commercial dial-up Internet Service Provider (ISP) appeared in capital cities soon after, and by the mid-1990s almost the entire country had a range of choices of dial-up ISPs. Today, Internet access is available through a range of technologies, i.e. hybrid fibre coaxial cable, digital subscriber line (DSL), Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) and satellite Internet. The Australian Government, in partnership with the industrial sector, began rolling out a nationwide Fibre to the Premises (FTTP) and improved fixed wireless and satellite access through the National Broadband Network in July 2009. Subsequently, the roll out was down graded to a Multi-Technology Mix on the promise of it being less expensive with earlier completion.
Internet in Moldova is one of the fastest and cheapest in the world. The country ranks 3rd in the world by gigabit coverage with around 90% of the population having the option to subscribe to a gigabit plan. The overall infrastructure is well developed which allows many users to experience good quality services throughout the country. However, despite high speeds and cheap prices, the penetration level is quite low when compared with many EU or CIS countries. In 2018, 49% of Moldovan households had broadband access. In 2015 there were 80 registered Internet Service Provider's (ISP's) in the country with the majority being local or regional with only a few offering their services throughout the country. Moldtelecom and StarNet are the country's leading providers sharing around 88% of the market. The remaining 12% are shared between other ISPS like SunCommunications, Arax Communications and others. Almost all ISPs that offer their services across the country have their headquarters located in the capital city of Chişinău.
Vocus Group Limited, formerly known as Vocus Communications, is an international telecommunications company headquartered in Melbourne, Australia. Founded by James Spenceley as a wholesale, business, government and consumer telecommunications provider, Vocus owns and manages Australia's second largest intercapital fibre network. Vocus provides retail, wholesale and corporate telecommunications services across Australia and New Zealand. Vocus offers Data Network services like Internet, Dark Fibre, IP WAN, Unified Communications and Telephony and Cloud Services to mid, large and corporate businesses direct and also acts as a wholesaler. The company owns and operates 18 Data Centres across Australia and New Zealand and has an onshore Network Operations Centre (NOC) run by the engineers who built the network.
iPrimus is an Australian telecommunications company and wholly owned subsidiary of Vocus Communications.
EarthLink is an American Internet service provider.
Connexus is an Australian-owned and operated business telecommunications provider founded in 1989 and based in Sydney, Australia, which primarily caters to the business sector. Connexus specialises in business-grade phone, mobile and NBN.
ZettaNet is an Australian network management provider and internet service provider (ISP). ZettaNet provides NBN, fibre-based Ethernet, VoIP, website hosting, data centre colocation and other internet services to customers across Australia. ZettaNet's headquarters are in Perth, Western Australia, with sales offices in Sydney, New South Wales.
AusBBS is an Internet service provider (ISP) offering Internet and phone services. It was one of the first ISPs to launch with a specific focus on Australia's National Broadband Network (NBN) which is being rolled out by the Federal Government via the fully owned NBN Co. Providers such as AusBBS have also been referred to as Retail Service Providers (RSPs) since the commencement of the NBN.
Michael Malone is an Irish/Australian technology entrepreneur and business executive. He was the founder and Managing Director of the Perth-based telecommunications provider iinet starting the business in his parents' garage. He is a pioneer of dial up access back in 1993 before the Internet became mainstream. Over the years he has been an advocate for Internet consumer rights as well participating in metadata debate. He was recently appointed as a non executive director of the NBNco in 2016.
