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Hungarian-Vietnamese relations are the diplomatic relations between Hungary and Vietnam. Hungary has an embassy in Hanoi. Vietnam has an embassy in Budapest.
Both countries are full members of the World Trade Organization and United Nations.
Hungary and Vietnam established an official relationship in the 1950s when the two countries were both in the Eastern Bloc. Since then, Hungary and Vietnam have developed further relations, with Vietnamese students and workers often going to Hungary to pursue higher education. [1]
During the 1980s, at the height of Cambodian–Vietnamese War, Hungary adopted a neutral policy and remained distanced from the conflict. After the Cold War and collapse of Soviet Union, both Hungary and Vietnam effectively gave up practicing communist ideology in favor of market capitalism, although Vietnam remains under the control of the Communist Party, while Hungary has transitioned back to capitalism. [2]
Relations between Hungary and Vietnam are described as excellent. Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orbán visited Vietnam in 2017. [3]
Vietnam considers Hungary an important economic and key partner in Central Europe, due to its diverse ties and rich history. The two countries developed a strategic partnership in 2018, with the Hungarian Prime Minister referring to Vietnam as a success in the Far East. [4]
On August 1, 2020, the European Union–Vietnam Free Trade Agreement came into force, which eliminated 99% of tariffs in trade between Vietnam and EU countries, including Hungary.
The Vietnamese community in Hungary is small and, despite historic immigration, Vietnamese tend to be less active and well-integrated into Hungarian society. In 2018, the Hungarian government officially recognized a pagoda that had recently been built by the Vietnamese community. [5] In 2010, Hungary and the European Union (of which Hungary is a member) launched a crackdown on a Vietnamese illegal immigration network. [6] Currently, the Vietnamese community in Hungary has about 5,000 people. Vietnamese people in Hungary mostly live and work in the capital city of Budapest. The Association of Vietnamese in Hungary, established in April 2008, has agreed on the organization between grassroots associations, helping to make the activities of organizations in the community more unified and effective, attracting the participation of local people. Many Vietnamese people live in Hungary. Among the grassroots associations and unions, it is worth mentioning the "leading" role of the Vietnam Business Association in Hungary, established in 2002 and solid support in both finance and spirit for all activities of the community copper.
As of April 2022, Vietnam maintains diplomatic relationships with 189 UN member states, State of Palestine and Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic. In 2011 the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam, at the 11th National Congress of the Communist Party of Vietnam, released an official statement about Vietnam's foreign policy and a section of the statement stated: "Vietnam is a friend and reliable partner of all countries in the international community, actively taking part in international and regional cooperation processes. Deepen, stabilize and sustain established international relations. Develop relations with countries and territories in the world, as well as international organizations, while showing: respect for each other's independence; sovereignty and territorial integrity; non-interference in each other's international affairs; non-use or threat of force; settlement of disagreements and disputes by means of peaceful negotiations; mutual respect, equality and mutual benefit."
Hanoi, often just referred to as The Capital, is the capital and second-largest city of Vietnam. It covers an area of 3,359.82 km2 (1,297.2 sq mi). It consists of 12 urban districts, one district-leveled town and 17 rural districts. It is located within the Red River Delta of Northern Vietnam.
Vietnamese passports are issued to citizens of Vietnam to facilitate international travel. They enable the bearer to exit and re-enter Vietnam freely; to travel to and from other countries in accordance with visa requirements, and secure assistance from Vietnamese consular officials when abroad, if necessary.
India–Vietnam relations, also knows as Indian-Vietnamese relations, are the bilateral relations of India and Vietnam.
Republic of Greece and the Socialist Republic of Vietnam have bilateral relations. Greece hosts the Vietnamese embassy in Athens, and Vietnam hosts its Greek counterpart in Hanoi.
Bilateral relations between Italy and Vietnam is considered to be relatively strong and friendly. Italy maintains an embassy in Hanoi. Vietnam maintains an embassy in Rome.
Pakistan-Vietnam relations, or Pakistani-Vietnamese relations, refers to the bilateral relationship between the Socialist Republic of Vietnam and Islamic Republic of Pakistan. The relationship is largely based on mutual trade and international political cooperation between the two countries. Pakistan is represented in Vietnam by its embassy in Hanoi, and Vietnam also maintains an embassy in Islamabad. During the Cold War, Pakistan maintained close ties with the United States-led Western Bloc to counter rival India's allegiance with the Soviet Union and Eastern Bloc. Throughout the 1960s and 1970s, the United States was involved in the Vietnam War against Soviet-backed North Vietnam while in the same time period, Pakistan had engaged in two major wars with neighbouring India in 1965 and 1971, the latter of which resulted in a devastating defeat for Pakistan and saw the emergence of an independent Bangladesh. Due to the fact that Pakistan was an ally with the United States and had begun to indirectly wage war against the Soviets in Afghanistan with heavy U.S.−backing, relations became strained between the two, with Pakistan closing its diplomatic mission in Vietnam in 1980 and Vietnam doing the same in 1984. However, relations greatly improved in the 2000s, and Pakistan reopened its embassy in Hanoi in October 2000. Vietnam also reopened its embassy in Islamabad and trade office in Karachi in December and November 2005, respectively. Relations between the two countries have continued to remain friendly, with Vietnam expressing an interest in increased economic and military cooperation with Pakistan. The heads of both nations have in recent times paid official visits to each other, with Pakistani President Pervez Musharraf visiting Vietnam in May 2001 and Vietnamese President Trần Đức Lương also paying an official visit to Pakistan in March 2004. Throughout the following decade, several visits were made by various Vietnamese and Pakistani ministries to each other. A major part of Pakistan's pursuit to enhance its relationship with Vietnam is outlined in Pakistan's "Vision East Asia" strategy. The emergence of such a strategy came as a result of Pakistan's desire to balance its relations with Vietnam and other East Asian / Southeast Asian states by making an effort to circumvent Pakistan's close relationship with China and Vietnam's growing relationship with India—the former being a cause of concern for Vietnam due to its tense relationship with China and the latter being a cause of concern for Pakistan due to its rivalry and history of armed conflict with India.
Israel–Vietnam relations refers to the bilateral relations between the State of Israel and the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. Vietnam and Israel established diplomatic relations on July 12, 1993, followed by Israel opening its resident embassy in Hanoi in December 1993. The current Vietnamese Ambassador to Israel is Lý Đức Trung, who has been assigned since April 2022. Ambassador Lý Đức Trung operates out of the Vietnamese embassy in Tel Aviv. The current Israeli Ambassador to Vietnam is Yaron Mayer, who has been assigned since August 2022. Ambassador Mayer operates out of the Israeli embassy in Hanoi.
Foreign relations exist between Austria and Vietnam. Austria has an embassy in Hanoi. Vietnam has an embassy in Vienna. Diplomatic relations were established in 1972.
Relations between Vietnam and the Palestine have been strong and very friendly. Vietnam had established very close relations with the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) and was one of the first countries to recognize the State of Palestine.
Taiwan–Vietnam relations are conducted on an unofficial level, as Hanoi adheres to a one-China policy and officially recognises the People's Republic of China only. However, this has not stopped bilateral visits, immigration and investment capital between Taiwan and Vietnam. Taiwan has been the fourth largest source of foreign direct investment in Vietnam since 2006. Both countries maintain representative offices; Taiwan is represented by the Taipei Economic and Cultural Office in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City, while Vietnam is represented by the Vietnam Economic and Cultural Office in Taipei, both acting as de facto embassies. Vietnam is, to date, the only communist state to have relations with Taiwan.
The Philippines–Vietnam relations refers to the bilateral relations of the Republic of the Philippines and the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. Since the end of the Cold War, relations between the two countries have warmed significantly. Vietnam is sometimes referred to as the only communist military ally of the Philippines. Both nations have cooperated in the fields of education, tourism, agriculture, aquaculture, trade, and defense. Additionally, both nations have similar positions on the South China Sea issue, with Vietnam backing the Philippine victory in the ICC against China, and the Philippines backing to a certain extent the claim of Vietnam in the Paracels. Both nations have overlapping claims in the Spratlys, but have never made military confrontations as both view each other as diplomatic allies and ASEAN brethren.
Ukraine–Vietnam relations refers to bilateral relations between Ukraine and Vietnam. Vietnam recognized Ukraine's independence from the Soviet Union on 27 December 1991. Diplomatic relations between the two countries were established on 23 January 1992. The embassy of Vietnam in Ukraine started its operations in 1993, and the embassy of Ukraine in Vietnam was opened in 1997.
Poland–Vietnam relations refers to the current and historical relations between Poland and Vietnam. Poland has an embassy in Hanoi and Vietnam has an embassy in Warsaw.
Slovakia–Vietnam relations refers to the bilateral relations between Slovakia and Vietnam. Slovakia has an embassy in Hanoi with a consulate in Ho Chi Minh City; and Vietnam has an embassy in Bratislava.
Turkey has an embassy in Hanoi and Vietnam has an embassy in Ankara, and a trade office in Istanbul.
Belarus and Vietnam established official relations since 1991, with the collapse of the Soviet Union. Belarus has an official embassy in Hanoi and Vietnam has its counterpart in Minsk.
Saudi Arabia – Vietnam relations refer to the political, economic and bilateral relationship between Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and Socialist Republic of Vietnam. Vietnam has an embassy in Riyadh and Saudi Arabia has an embassy in Hanoi.
Afghanistan–Vietnam relations refers to the diplomatic relations between Afghanistan and Vietnam.
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