II Zwicky 28 | |
---|---|
Observation data (J2000 epoch) | |
Constellation | Orion |
Right ascension | 05h 01m 42.0s |
Declination | +03° 34′ 28″ |
Redshift | 0.028630 +/- 0.000060 [1] |
Helio radial velocity | 8583 +/-18 km/s [1] |
Distance | 390 Mly (120 mpc) [1] |
Apparent magnitude (V) | 15.5 |
Characteristics | |
Type | S pec (Ring) |
Apparent size (V) | 0.3' x 0.3' [1] |
Other designations | |
VV 790b, 2MASX J05014205+0334278, PGC 016572 |
II Zwicky 28 is an interacting ring galaxy at a distance of approximately 390 million light-years. The sparkling pink and purple loop in Zw II 28 is not a typical ring galaxy due to the fact that it does not seem to have the usual visible central companion. [2] For many years it was thought to be a lone circle on the sky, but observations using the Hubble Space Telescope have shown that there may be a possible companion lurking just inside the ring, where the loop appears to double back on itself. [2]
The galaxy is only a faint IRAS source, which may indicate a lower level of star formation than other rings, however it has a high Hα luminosity, similar to other ring galaxies. It displays strong Balmer absorption lines interior to the ring, and it is possible that a major burst of star formation has recently occurred, using up a large fraction of the galaxy's molecular reservoir, and depleting its dust content. [3]
Its bright foreground star is about 1585 light-years away.
IC 10 is an irregular galaxy in the constellation Cassiopeia. It was discovered by Lewis Swift in 1887 and in 1935 Nicholas Mayall became the first to suggest that the object is extragalactic. Edwin Hubble suspected it might belong to the Local Group of galaxies, but its status remained uncertain for decades. The radial velocity of IC 10 was measured in 1962, and it was found to be approaching the Milky Way at approximately 350 km/s, strengthening the evidence for its membership in the Local Group. Its membership in the group was finally confirmed in 1996 by direct measurements of its distance based on observations of Cepheids; most estimates place the galaxy 2-3 million light years from Earth, with some estimates ranging from 1.5-4.5 million light years. Despite its closeness, the galaxy is rather difficult to study because it lies near the plane of the Milky Way and is therefore heavily obscured by interstellar matter.
NGC 1512 is a barred spiral galaxy approximately 38 million light-years away from Earth in the constellation Horologium. The galaxy displays a double ring structure, with a (nuclear) ring around the galactic nucleus and an (inner) further out in the main disk. The galaxy hosts an extended UV disc with at least 200 clusters with recent star formation activity. NGC 1512 is a member of the Dorado Group.
NGC 4639 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the equatorial constellation of Virgo. It was discovered by German-born astronomer William Herschel on April 12, 1784. John L. E. Dreyer described it as "pretty bright, small, extended, mottled but not resolved, 12th magnitude star 1 arcmin to southeast". This is a relatively nearby galaxy, lying approximately 72 million light-years away from the Milky Way. It is a companion to NGC 4654, and the two appear to have interacted roughly 500 million years ago. NGC 4639 is a member of the Virgo Cluster.
NGC 1313 is a field galaxy and a barred spiral galaxy discovered by the Scottish astronomer James Dunlop on 27 September 1826. It has a diameter of about 50,000 light-years, or about half the size of the Milky Way.
NGC 4762 is an edge-on lenticular galaxy in the constellation Virgo. It is at a distance of 60 million light years and is a member of the Virgo Cluster. The edge-on view of this particular galaxy, originally considered to be a barred spiral galaxy, makes it difficult to determine its true shape, but it is considered that the galaxy consists of four main components — a central bulge, a bar, a thick disc and an outer ring. The galaxy's disc is asymmetric and warped, which could be explained by NGC 4762 mergering with a smaller galaxy in the past. The remains of this former companion may then have settled within NGC 4762's disc, redistributing the gas and stars and so changing the disc's morphology.
NGC 4394 is a SBb barred spiral galaxy in the constellation Coma Berenices and is situated about 39.5 million light-years from Earth. It was discovered on 14 March 1784 by the German–British astronomer William Herschel. It is a presumed companion to the lenticular galaxy M85 / NGC 4382, which lies 8 arc minutes away. It is also a member of the Virgo Cluster.
NGC 7020 is a barred lenticular galaxy located about 140 million light-years away in the constellation Pavo. NGC 7020 was discovered by astronomer John Herschel on August 31, 1836.
NGC 7098 is a doubled barred spiral galaxy located about 95 million light-years away from Earth in the constellation of Octans. NGC 7098 has an estimated diameter of 152,400 light-years. NGC 7098 was discovered by astronomer John Herschel on September 22, 1835.
PGC 1 is a radio galaxy located about 1.1 billion light-years away in the constellation Pisces.
ESO 269-57 is a large spiral galaxy located about 150 million light-years away in the constellation Centaurus. ESO 269-57 has a diameter of about 200,000 light-years. It is part of group of galaxies known as LGG 342. which is also known as the NGC 5064 Group which is part of the Centaurus Supercluster.
NGC 4873 is a lenticular galaxy located about 270 million light-years away in the constellation of Coma Berenices. NGC 4873 was discovered by astronomer Heinrich d'Arrest on May 10, 1863. The galaxy is a member of the Coma Cluster.
PGC 44691 is a spiral galaxy located about 350 million light-years away in the constellation Coma Berenices. It belongs to a galaxy cluster known as the Coma Cluster. In 1994, the Hubble Space Telescope observed PGC 44691 and the nearby elliptical galaxy NGC 4881 to infer the distance to the Coma Cluster.
NGC 4689 is a spiral galaxy located about 54 million light-years away in the constellation of Coma Berenices. NGC 4689 is also classified as a LINER galaxy. NGC 4689 is inclined at an angle of about 36° which means that the galaxy is seen almost face-on to the Earth's line of sight. NGC 4689 was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on April 12, 1784. The galaxy is a member of the Virgo Cluster.
NGC 4478 is an elliptical galaxy located about 50 million light-years away in the constellation Virgo. NGC 4478 was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on April 12, 1784. NGC 4478 is a member of the Virgo Cluster.
NGC 1019 is a barred spiral galaxy approximately 316 million light-years away from Earth in the constellation of Cetus. It was discovered by French astronomer Édouard Stephan on December 1, 1880 with the 31" reflector at the Marseille Observatory.
NGC 521, also occasionally referred to as PGC 5190 or UGC 962, is a spiral galaxy located approximately 224 million light-years from the Solar System in the constellation Cetus. It was discovered on 8 October 1785 by astronomer William Herschel.
NGC 3312 is a large and highly inclined spiral galaxy located about 194 million light-years away in the constellation Hydra. The galaxy was discovered by astronomer John Herschel on March 26, 1835. It was later rediscovered by astronomer Guillaume Bigourdan on February 26, 1887. NGC 3312 was later listed and equated with IC 629 because the two objects share essentially the same celestial coordinates. NGC 3312 is the largest spiral galaxy in the Hydra Cluster and is also classified as a LINER galaxy.
NGC 527, also occasionally referred to as PGC 5128 or PGC 5141, is a lenticular galaxy located approximately 259 million light-years from the Solar System in the constellation Sculptor. It was discovered on 1 September 1834 by astronomer John Herschel.
NGC 3925 is a barred lenticular galaxy and a ring galaxy located about 370 million light-years away in the constellation Leo. It was discovered by astronomer Heinrich d'Arrest on February 19, 1863.
NGC 4999 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Virgo, first discovered February 24, 1786 by astronomer William Herschel. The galaxy is noted as a particularly bright ultraviolet light source – it is believed that its notable bar structure suppresses star formation, indicating this ultraviolet light may possibly be due to a quasi-stellar object.