Indian Lake Road Stone Arch Bridge | |
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Location | Indian Lake Rd., E of M24, Orion, Michigan |
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Coordinates | 42°47′51″N83°14′47″W / 42.79750°N 83.24639°W Coordinates: 42°47′51″N83°14′47″W / 42.79750°N 83.24639°W |
Area | less than one acre |
Built | 1891 |
Architectural style | Stone arch railroad bridge |
NRHP reference # | 05000712 [1] |
Added to NRHP | July 22, 2005 |
The Indian Lake Road Stone Arch Bridge is a former railroad bridge which now carries a hiking/biking path over Indian Lake Road, just east of M-24 near Orion, Michigan. It is one of only a small number of stone arch railroad bridges known to exist in Michigan. [2] The bridge was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005. [1]
M-24 is a north–south state trunkline highway in the U.S. state of Michigan that extends 75.691 miles (121.813 km) through Southeast Michigan and The Thumb, from northeast Auburn Hills to Unionville. It starts at an interchange with Interstate 75 (I-75) and ends where it merges with M-25. While the M-24 designation is similar to that of US Highway 24 (US 24) which has a northern terminus located only a few miles from the southern terminus of M-24, M-24 was never part of US 24.
The National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) is the United States federal government's official list of districts, sites, buildings, structures, and objects deemed worthy of preservation for their historical significance. A property listed in the National Register, or located within a National Register Historic District, may qualify for tax incentives derived from the total value of expenses incurred preserving the property.
The Detroit & Bay City Railroad was chartered in 1871. They constructed a line starting in Detroit which reached the Lake Orion area in 1872 and was completed through to Bay City the next year. The Michigan Central Railroad leased the line starting in 1881, and it operated afterwards as part of the Michigan Central system. [2]
Detroit is the largest and most populous city in the U.S. state of Michigan, the largest United States city on the United States–Canada border, and the seat of Wayne County. The municipality of Detroit had a 2017 estimated population of 673,104, making it the 23rd-most populous city in the United States. The metropolitan area, known as Metro Detroit, is home to 4.3 million people, making it the second-largest in the Midwest after the Chicago metropolitan area. Regarded as a major cultural center, Detroit is known for its contributions to music and as a repository for art, architecture and design.
Bay City is a city in Bay County, Michigan, located near the base of the Saginaw Bay on Lake Huron. As of the 2010 census, the city's population was 34,932, and is the principal city of the Bay City Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Saginaw-Midland-Bay City Combined Statistical Area. The city, along with nearby Midland and Saginaw, form the Greater Tri-Cities region of Central Michigan, which has more recently been called the Great Lakes Bay Region.
The Michigan Central Railroad was originally incorporated in 1846 to establish rail service between Detroit, Michigan and St. Joseph, Michigan. The railroad later operated in the states of Michigan, Indiana, and Illinois in the United States, and the province of Ontario in Canada. After about 1867 the railroad was controlled by the New York Central Railroad, which later became part of Penn Central and then Conrail. After the 1998 Conrail breakup Norfolk Southern Railway now owns much of the former Michigan Central trackage.
There is no record of the construction of this bridge, but a date stone in the bridge wing wall is carved with "1891," and the bridge construction is similar to three or four other known Michigan Central stone arch structures constructed at about that time. [2]
The Indian Lake Road Stone Arch Bridge is a single-span arch constructed of yellowish-brown rock-faced sandstone. The arch spans 19 feet between abutments and is 12 feet high. The entire bridge is nearly 16 feet high and is 21 feet wide from face to face. The bridge formerly carried a railroad line. [2]
The arch of the bridge begins atop the fifth course of masonry above ground level. Two pairs of side-by-side voussoirs support a single regular horizontal block of stone, which flank the central four voussoirs and the keystone. Atop the arch is a projecting one course high stone cap. The bridge wingwalls are built of regular blocks of stone, with the courses aligned to the abutments. A stone at the far east end of the southeastern wingwall displays "1891" carved in its upper surface. [2]
A keystone is the wedge-shaped stone piece at the apex of a masonry arch, or the generally round one at the apex of a vault. In both cases it is the final piece placed during construction and locks all the stones into position, allowing the arch or vault to bear weight. In both arches and vaults, keystones are often enlarged beyond the structural requirements, and often decorated in some way. Keystones are often placed in the centre of the flat top of openings such as doors and windows, essentially for decorative effect.
The Patterson Viaduct was built by the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B&O) as part of its Old Main Line during May to December 1829. The viaduct spanned the Patapsco River at Ilchester, Maryland. It was heavily damaged by a flood in 1866 and subsequently replaced with other structures.
The Store Street Aqueduct in central Manchester, England, was built in 1798 by Benjamin Outram on the Ashton Canal. A Grade II* listed building it is built on a skew of 45° across Store Street, and is believed to be the first major aqueduct of its kind in Great Britain and the oldest still in use today.
The Illinois Central Stone Arch Railroad Bridges are a trio of limestone railroad bridges in the city of Dixon, Illinois, United States. The bridges were constructed between 1852 and 1855 as the Illinois Central Railroad laid its first rail lines across the state of Illinois. They were designed by Robert F. Laing for Laing and Douglas Construction Company, a railroad company contractor during the 1850s. Though each limestone bridge is similar in design, they each have different clearances ranging between 12 and 15 feet. The bridges remained in use by the railroad until 1985, and the three bridges were added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places in 1987.
The Hares Hill Road Bridge is a single-span, wrought iron, bowstring-shaped lattice girder bridge. It was built in 1869 by Moseley Iron Bridge and Roof Company and is the only known surviving example of this kind. The bridge spans French Creek, a Pennsylvania Scenic River. The structure has a current load posting of 7 tons.
The Boston and Providence Railroad Bridge in East Providence is a railroad bridge on the East Junction Branch spanning Ten Mile River. A portion of the bridge also spans Roger Williams Avenue. The bridge was built in 1884 by the Boston and Providence Railroad, replacing an earlier structure on the line. The bridge abutments are faced in coursed ashlar stone, with brick-faced segmental-arch tunnels piercing them. The main span of the bridge consists of two Warren trusses resting on the abutments and a central pier in the Ten Mile River.
A skew arch is a method of construction that enables an arch bridge to span an obstacle at some angle other than a right angle. This results in the faces of the arch not being perpendicular to its abutments and its plan view being a parallelogram, rather than the rectangle that is the plan view of a regular, or "square" arch.
The River Road Stone Arch Railroad Bridge is a historic bridge carrying the former Air Line Railroad right-of-way over River Road in Salmon River State Forest in Colchester, Connecticut. Built in 1887, it is a well-preserved example of a period masonry railroad bridge, built as part of a state-mandated program for the reduction of the number of grade crossings in the state. The bridge was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.
The Mill Street Stone Arch Bridge is located on that street in Pine Hill, New York, United States. It is a small bridge over a local creek built around the turn of the 20th century. It is one of two stone arch bridges in the former village built by local stonemason Matthew G. Thompson. It has remained intact and in use since then, and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996. It is located in the Pine Hill Historic District.
The Jackson Branch Bridge No. 15, also known as the Tecumseh Railroad Bridge due to its close proximity to the city of Tecumseh, is a historic railway deck truss bridge that spans the River Raisin in rural Raisin Charter Township in Lenawee County, Michigan. The bridge was added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 4, 2001.
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