Ingombota | |
---|---|
Coordinates: 8°49′05″S13°13′44″E / 8.81806°S 13.22889°E Coordinates: 8°49′05″S13°13′44″E / 8.81806°S 13.22889°E | |
Country | Angola |
Province | Luanda |
Founded | 1576 |
Area | |
• Total | 9.6 km2 (3.7 sq mi) |
Elevation | 6 m (20 ft) |
Population (2020) [1] | |
• Total | 370,000 |
• Density | 39,000/km2 (100,000/sq mi) |
Time zone | +1 |
HDI (2019) | 0.697 [2] Medium |
Ingombota is one of the six urban districts that make up the municipality of Luanda, in the province of Luanda, the capital city of Angola. [3] Ingombota is home to the central business district of Luanda, Angola. The economic, political and symbolic center of the city and the nation, it is Luanda's oldest district. The district is home to most of Luanda's prominent hotels and office towers.
The word Ingombota originates from Kimbundu, while existing two theories as to its origin. One saying Ingombota comes from the words joint and ingombo kuta, meaning place where there are abundant quiabos . Another possibility would be to join the words Ngombo kuta and meaning a refuge for outlaws (possibly slaves), giving rise to the word Ngombota, in Portuguese to Ingombota. [4]
Ingombota has 9.6 square kilometers (3.7 square miles) and about 370,000 inhabitants. [5] The district is bordered on the west by the Atlantic Ocean, Sambizanga to the north, Rangel to the east, and Maianga to the south. Ingombota is home to the Port of Luanda, Museu Nacional de Antropologia (Angola), National Assembly (Angola), the Fortress of São Miguel, Museu Nacional de História Natural de Angola and Museu da Moeda. The district has a population density of 100,000 people per square mile making it a highly densely populated urban neighborhood. Redevelopment of the historic colonial core has entailed the destruction of informal and low-income housing options for residents in favor of higher end commercial and residential structures. [6] Prominent examples of this redevelopment and displacement is the demolition of the Cuca Building and Kinaxixe Market.
The Ingombota District is made up of the seven neighborhoods of Luanda Island, Baixa, Cidade Alta, Ingombota, Maculusso, Kinanga, and Patrice Lumumba. These are older, urbanized neighborhoods which make up the historic and economic core of Luanda Province.
The Luanda Island is a narrow strip of land located between Baía de Luanda and the Atlantic Ocean with sandy beaches, stylish hotels and attractive views of the Luanda skyline. Igreja da Nossa Senhora do Cabo, the oldest church in Angola is located on Luanda Island.
Baixa, the lower city concentrates the financial and commercial activities in the capital. Headquarters of the largest companies operating in Angola are located here, both domestic and foreign, mainly around the Avenida 4 de Fevereiro. Ingombota also has several hotels, numerous restaurants, clubs, bars, bakeries, kiosks and many shops, besides the ever-present peddlers market, the responsibility of zungueira.
Cidade Alta, the upper town is home to the Presidential Palace, several ministries, the National Assembly (Angola) near the Fortaleza de São Miguel and the Igreja de Jesus (Luanda), where Paulo Dias de Novais, the founder of the City of Luanda is buried. The area occupies a lofty position on the city and is a popular location for tourists and locals, with heavily guarded police all around, thanks to the proximity of the Presidential Palace.
Located in the Ingombota neighborhood are the Museum of the Armed Forces of Angola, the National Museum of Anthropology and the National Museum of Natural History of Angola. The majority of Luanda's Portuguese colonial era structures are located in this neighborhood. In recent years many have been renovated and restored to their former beauty. A treelined pedestrian corniche was constructed between 2008 and 2011 providing public access to Luanda Bay. The corniche is a popular place for people to gather and recreationally walk.
Maculusso is a neighborhood located in the southern portion of Ingombota. The neighborhood developed under the period of Portuguese colonization in Angola. The neighborhood was originally built for a working-class population of merchants, missionaries, soldiers and others. The area continues to be a primarily residential quarter with a formally laid out street pattern. Streets in the quarter are paved often with sidewalks and trees. The area is now an upper-middle class district with abundant luxury houses, leisure areas, historic sites and international hotels and restaurants.
The area consists primarily of low-rise homes with adjoining private gardens but with the discovery of oil in Angola has seen the construction of a number of high-rise residential and hotel structures. Holy Family Church (Igreja Sagrada Família) and the Mutu Ya Kevela School are two of the most prominent cultural landmarks in the neighborhood. Angola's Central Military Hospital and Maternity Hospital are located across the street from Holy Family Church. Dipanda Tower, the Tropical Cinema and Largo da Independence are other attractions in the area.
Kinanga is a formerly working-class residential district located in the southwest section of Ingombota. The neighborhood consisted largely of informally built residential structures on a slope overlooking the Atlantic Ocean. In recent years many of these structures have been demolished and replaced by a parkway and the Agostinho Neto Memorial and park. The new National Assembly (Angola) campus overlooks the neighborhood.
Patrice Lumumba is a working-class residential district on the east side of Ingombota District. The neighborhood is set atop a hill overlooking Luanda Bay. A large public square dedicated to Patrice Lumumba is located at the intersection of Largo de Ambiente and R. Major Kanhangulo Avenue. Angola's Ministry of Interior is located in the neighborhood and is one of several new office buildings that were built in the neighborhood in the 2010s. Similar to other neighborhoods in Ingombota, in the 2010s many of the informal residential structures were cleared and replaced with higher end office towers, hotels and apartment buildings.
Ingombota is home to Luanda's Central Train Station which provides service to the Luanda Railway. The Port of Luanda is located in the eastern portion Ingombota along the Luanda Bay. Quatro de Fevereiro Airport is located 6 kilometers to the south of the district, though the new Angola International Airport is expected to replace the airport in 2023 and is located 40 kilometers to the southwest of Ingombota. Construction of the Luanda Light Rail began in Ingombota in 2020. The neighborhood consists primarily of paved streets which host a range of vehicles, motorbikes, bicycles, public buses and informal vans.
Luanda is the capital and largest city in Angola. It is Angola's primary port, and its major industrial, cultural and urban centre. Located on Angola's northern Atlantic coast, Luanda is Angola's administrative centre, its chief seaport, and also the capital of the Luanda Province. Luanda and its metropolitan area is the most populous Portuguese-speaking capital city in the world and the most populous Lusophone city outside Brazil, with over 8.3 million inhabitants in 2020.
Luanda is a province of Angola. It covers an area of 18,835 km2, and had a population of 6,945,386 at the Census of 16 May 2014. The latest official estimate is 8,247,688.
Moxico or Moshiko is the largest province of Angola. It has an area of 223,023 square kilometres (86,110 sq mi), and covers 18% of the landmass of Angola. The province has a population of 758,568 and a population density of approximately 3.4 residents per km², making it one of the most sparsely populated areas of Angola. The population of the province is in flux; displaced residents have slowly returned to Moxico since the end of the Angolan Civil War in 2002. The war left Moxico as one of the most landmine-contaminated places in the world. The governor of the province is Gonçalves Manuel Muandumba.
Liberdade is the name of a district in the subprefecture of Sé, in São Paulo, Brazil. By various estimates, it is home to the world's largest ethnic Japanese community outside Japan.
Fortaleza de São Miguel or Saint Michael Fortress was a Portuguese fortress built in the Ingombota District of Luanda, Angola. During Dutch rule in Angola between 1641 and 1648, the fort was known as Fort Aardenburgh.
Sambizanga is one of the six urban districts that make up the municipality of Luanda, in the province of Luanda, Angola.
The Museum of the Armed Forces is located in Fortaleza de São Miguel de Luanda, in the Ingombota District of Luanda, Angola.
Ilha do Cabo typically known as Ilha de Luanda is a spit off the shore of Luanda, the capital of Angola, a country on the continents' southwestern coast. It consists of a low sandy strip formed by sedimentation. In administrative terms, the peninsula belongs to the municipality of Ingombota in the Luanda Province.
Rangel is one of the six urban districts that make up the municipality of Luanda, in the province of Luanda, the capital of Angola. The Rangel District is one of the older and more urbanized in Metropolitan Luanda. The district has an area of 6.2 square kilometers. The district is best known as the home of Americo Boavida University Hospital as well as several large sporting facilities including Pavilhão da Cidadela, Pavilhão Anexo and Pavilhão Anexo II.
The Presbyterian Church in Angola is a federation of theologically orthodox Reformed churches, that was founded in the mid-1980s, adopting the Westminster Confession of Faith as the official Standards.
Maianga is one of the six municipalities of the administrative division of the province of Luanda, Angola. In 2011, as part of a restructuring of Luanda's regional government, the municipality was designated as one of Luanda's six urban districts. The area is one of the older quarters of Luanda and was established before independence. The area is best known for Quatro de Fevereiro Airport and its strong musical culture.
Santa Maria Maior is a freguesia and district of Lisbon, the capital of Portugal. Located in the historic center of Lisbon, Santa Maria Maior is to the west of São Vicente, east of Misericórdia, and south of Arroios and Santo António. It is home to numerous historic monuments, including Lisbon Cathedral, the Rossio, and the Praça do Comércio, as well as famous neighborhoods, such as the Lisbon Baixa, as well as parts of Bairro Alto and Alfama. The population in 2011 was 12,822,
Igreja da Nossa Senhora do Cabo is a church in the Ingombota District of Luanda, Angola. It is the oldest church in the city of Luanda, founded in 1575 by Portuguese traders, who dedicated it to Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception. After the reconquest of territory from the Dutch in 1648, reconstruction of the church started, and when completed in 1669 it was given its current name. In 1854, it became a parish church. The stone church is characterized by having a secular cross and an elegant side tower.
Avenida Comandante Valódia also known as Bairro dos Combatentes is a residential area neighborhood in Luanda's central municipality of Sambizanga in Luanda province of Angola, and is centered on a busy interchange. It has a length of 1.61 km ² and about 144,000 inhabitants and is split in both ways, it is bordered to the west by Kinaxixi, on the north by Marçal, in the east by São Paulo, and south by Avenida Brasil. It has the following coordinates: Latitude: -8°49'5.88" and Longitude: 13°14'51.36. The neighborhood is known for its office and residential buildings, and is also home to the famous Hotel Tròpico, the renowned 147 public school and the now defunct Feira Ngoma.
Lisbon is one of the most popular city destinations in Europe. The city of Lisbon and the Lisbon metropolitan area attracts a significant number of tourists each year, drawn to its historical and cultural heritage, good transportation connections and good touristic infrastructure.
The Ministry of Science and Technology is a cabinet-level ministry of the government of Angola. The mission of the ministry is to "Propose and coordinate the implementation of policies in the field of Science, Technology and Innovation, as well as their modes of organization, operation and evaluation." The current Minister of Science and Technology is Maria Cândida Teixeira.
Praça Amílcar Cabral, also popularly known as Praça Nova, is an important square of the city of Mindelo, São Vicente, Cape Verde. It is located in the northern part of the city center of Mindelo. The square is named after Amílcar Cabral, a leader of the independence movement of Cape Verde and Guinea-Bissau. Constructed in 1895, it was named after the colonial administrator Serpa Pinto until Cape Verdean independence in 1975. It was laid out in a new, previously undeveloped part of the town. The square is surrounded by Rua Angola to the north, Rua Argelia to the east, Rua Patrice Lumumba to the south and Rua 5 de Julho to the west.
Luanda Bay is a body of water, located in front of the city of Luanda, capital of Angola. In front of the bay are located several monuments of great historical value, such as the Banco de Angola Building and the Church of Nossa Senhora da Nazaré.
The Igreja de Jesus, also Igreja dos Jesuítas, is a landmark in the Ingombota District of Luanda, Angola, adjacent to the Presidential Palace in the cidade alta neighborhood. It is the former church of the Jesuit college established in the city in the early 17th century. It has a fine baroque façade and a richly decorated interior.
Luanda Bungo Railway Station is the main railway station in the Angolan capital of Luanda. The station is located in the Ingombota District of Luanda. It was inaugurated in 1889, along with the first 45-kilometer section of the Ambaca Railway. The station building was classified as Historical and Cultural Heritage site of Angola in 2001. The name comes from the word "Mbungo", which in Kimbundu means "horn", which is a descriptor of the topography of the city from 1846 with trains making a roundabout motion from the interior to the coastline around a large hill on the northern edge of the city center.