Ingush in Turkey

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Ingush in Turkey
Туркий мехкара гӀалгӀай
Türkiyeli İnguşlar
Total population
Estimated 85 000 [1] [2]

Ingush in Turkey [lower-alpha 1] refers to the diaspora that consists of people born in or residing in Turkey that are of Ingush origin. The diaspora is estimated to be 85 000.

Contents

History

Background

The reason for the resettlement of Ingush to the Ottoman Turkey was mainly due to shortage of land. The land plots of the lowlanders of Ingush okrug were much larger than those of the mountaineers, but they were also insufficient for the subsistence level as noted by Commission on personal and land rights of the natives of the Terek region in 1865. Regarding the size of the allotment per household of Nazranians, the Commission stated that "is in no way considered satisfactory by the commission." [3]

After the Caucasian War in 1865, some of the Ingush resettled (completed so called muhacirdom) to the Ottoman Empire. [4] In total, 1454 Ingush families were evicted from Ingushetia, out of which 1366 were from the Orstkhoy society and 88 families from the Nazranian society. [5] [6] As a result of this resettlement, the Karabulak uchastok of the Ingush okrug was liquidated as its previous inhabitants left and the uchastok became deserted. [7]

Later, Ingush also settled to Turkey in the following years: in 1877–1878, 1886–1887, 1892, 1895, 1900, 1902, 1904 and 1912. [8]

Modern

In Turkey, the Ingush are mostly settled in the cities of Ankara, Areliya, Bursa, İzmir, Kayseri, Konya, Kiziltepe, Mardin, Mersin, Muş, Sivas, Istanbul, Golcuk and Yalova. [8]

In Turkey, Ingush were recorded under the ethnonym Circassians . [9] [10]

Notable people

Notes

  1. Ingush: Туркий мехкара гӀалгӀай, romanized: Turkiy mekhkara ghalghai, Turkish: Türkiyeli İnguşlar.

Related Research Articles

Ingush, historically known as Durdzuks, Gligvi and Kists, are an ethnic group mainly inhabiting Ingushetia in central Caucasus, but also inhabitanting Prigorodny District and town of Vladikavkaz of modern day North-Ossetia. The Ingush are predominantly Sunni Muslims and speak the Ingush language.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Orstkhoy</span> Historical ethnoterritorial society among the Ingush and Chechen people

The Orstkhoy, historically commonly known under their exonyms: Karabulaks, Balsu, Baloy, are a historical ethnoterritorial society among the Chechen and Ingush peoples. Their homeland is in the upper reaches of the Assa and Fortanga rivers in the historical region of Orstkhoy-Mokhk. In the tradition of the Chechen ethno-hierarchy, it is considered one of the nine historical Chechen tukkhums, in the Ingush tradition as one of the seven historical Ingush shahars.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chakh Akhriev</span> Ingush academic

Chakh Elmurzievich Akhriev was the first Ingush ethnographer and a lawyer by education, who recorded Ingush folklore, mythology, and culture.

The Fyappins were an Ingush subgroup (society) that mostly inhabited the mountainous Fappi region of Ingushetia in the Caucasus. Historically they bordered on the west with Dzherakh, on the east with Khamkhins, on the north with Nazranians, and lastly in the south with Gudomakarians. The centre of the society was the fortified village (aul) of Erzi or Metskhal.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kurkhars</span> Traditional Ingushetian headdress

Kurkhars is the traditional female headdress of the Ingush. Its male counterpart is the Bashlyk. It was traditionally weekend clothing of the Ingush, worn during the holidays and for "going out". They are usually made of red felt or dense cloth and were originally made out of tanned and dyed bull scrotum. They are high caps in the form of a ridge with a forward curve and forked end.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sulumbek of Sagopshi</span> Ingush abrek

Sulumbek Gorovozhev (Gandaloev) or Sulumbek of Sagopshi was an Ingush outlaw (abrek) who is known for his bank and shop robberies with his colleague and comrade Zelimkhan. The robberies were part of a conflict with the Russian authorities. He was involved in high-profile incidents associated with Zelimkhan. Sulumbek is a national hero to the Ingush people, as well as one of the most famous Caucasian abreks.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nazran uprising</span> Uprising of Ingush in 1858 due to the harsh tsarist policies

The Nazran uprising of the Ingush people against Russian authorities took place in 1858.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Galashians</span> Ingush society

Galashians, were a historical Ingush ethnoterritorial society, which formed in the middle of 18th century. The name comes from the village of Galashki, which is geographically located in the very center of the society. Galashians were located in the middle and lower reaches of the river Assa and the basin of the river Fortanga.

Ingush societies or shahars were ethnoterritorial associations of the Ingush based on the geographical association of several villages and intended for conditional administrative-territorial delimitation of the Ingush ethnic group. The formation and functioning of most of them dates back to the late Middle Ages. During this period, their boundaries, number and names changed.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Zaur (village)</span> Historical place (village)

Zaur or Zaurovo was an Ingush village that existed in the 18th–19th centuries on the right bank of the Terek River and in the Tarskoye Valley.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nazranians</span> Ingush society

The Nazranians were a historical Ingush ethnoterritorial subethnic group (society) which inhabited modern day Nazranovsky District and Prigorodny District.

The Dzherakh, also spelled Jerakh, historically also known as Erokhan people, were a historical Ingush ethnoterritorial society, today a tribal organization/clan (teip), that was formed in the Dzheyrakhin gorge, as well as in the area of the lower reaches of the Armkhi River and the upper reaches of the Terek River.

<i>Torshkhoy</i> Ingush clan (teip)

Torshkhoy, also known in Ingush folklore as Them-Thoarshkhoy, is an Ingush clan (teip) which belongs to the Fyappin society. The ancestral auls of Torshkhoy are Tyarsh and Falkhan. A small number of representatives of the teip live in Aukh, where they are known under the name Vyappiy.

Tsorins, Tsori, also Ghalghaï, were a historical Ingush ethnoterritorial society that was located in mountainous Ingushetia in the region of river Guloykhi. The center of the society was Tsori from which it got its name. Tsorin society, like the Khamkhin society, was formed from the former "Galgaï society" as a result of the transfer (appearance) of rural government to the village Tsori.

Ingush <i>okrug</i> District of Terek Oblast

Ingush okrug was a district (okrug) of the Terek Oblast of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire. The area of the Ingushskiy okrug made up part of the North Caucasian Federal District of Russia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Batal Hajji Belkhoroev</span> Ingush sheikh

Batal Hajji Belkhoroev was an Ingush sheikh of the Qadiri Sufi order (tariqa) who founded his own independent Sufi suborder (wird).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Maksharip Muzhukhoev</span> Ingush scientist

Maksharip Bagautdinovich Muzhukhoev was an Ingush historian, archaeologist, professor, director of the Ingush Research Institute for the Humanities.

Serdalo is a weekly newspaper based in Nazran, Ingushetia.

Georgi Konstantinovich Martirosian was a Soviet local historian of Armenian origin. His monograph History of Ingushiya published in 1933 is one of the most referenced works in modern studies of history of Ingushetia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ingush towers</span> Ingush architecture

Ingush towers are unique monuments of medieval Ingush architecture, which served as residential, signal and defensive stone structures, mainly situated in the Sunzhensky and Dzheyrakhsky Districts of Ingushetia.

References

Bibliography

Russian sources