Institute of Molecular Biotechnology

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Institute of Molecular Biotechnology (IMBA)
Founded1999
HeadquartersDr. Bohr-Gasse 3
1030 Vienna
Austria
Parent Austrian Academy of Sciences   OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
Website www.imba.oeaw.ac.at

The Institute of Molecular Biotechnology (IMBA) is an independent biomedical research organisation founded by the Austrian Academy of Sciences in cooperation with the pharmaceutical company Boehringer Ingelheim. The institute employs around 250 people from over 40 countries, who perform basic research. IMBA is located at the Vienna BioCenter (VBC) and shares facilities and scientific training programs with the Gregor Mendel Institute of Molecular Plant Biology (GMI) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences and the Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), the basic research center of Boehringer Ingelheim. [1]

Contents

Research

The research at IMBA aims to understand the fundamental molecular biological processes underlying the 3D architecture of genomes, the functions of small RNAs, and the in vitro reconstitution from stem cells of whole organs and embryos. [2]

The institute comprises 14 research groups (as of July 2024): [3]

Associated projects: The Vienna Drosophila RNAi Center (VDRC) is located at IMBA, and is available to researchers worldwide. [8] It collects an RNAi library of over 22,000 Drosophila strains.

Major scientific discoveries

2023. First multi-chamber heart organoids [9]

2022. Disentanglement of the roles of condensin and histone deacetylation in chromosome assembly and chromatin compaction [10]

2022. Identification of CLIP cells (human interneuron progenitors) as the origin of Tuberous Sclerosis using patient-derived cerebral organoids [11]

2021. Human blastoids model blastocyst development and implantation [12]

2021. Cardioids reveal self-organizing principles of human cardiogenesis [13]

2020. Identification of a brain-size determinant using cerebral organoids [14]

2020. Discovery on the conformation of sister chromatids in the replicated human genome [15]

2019. Generation of blood vessel organoids from human pluripotent stem cells. [16]

2017. Development of SLAM-Seq for the high-resolution assessment of RNA expression dynamics [17]

2017. Development of a reversible haploid mouse pluripotent stem cell biobank resource for functional genomics. [18]

2013. Generation of cerebral organoids from human pluripotent stem cells to model human brain development [19]

2008. Discovery of an endogenous small interfering RNA pathway in Drosophila. [20]

2005. Discovery of the role of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in SARS coronavirus–induced lung injury. [21]

History

The institute was founded in 1999 as a joint initiative of the Austrian Academy of Sciences and Boehringer Ingelheim and with contributions from the Austrian Government and the city of Vienna. [22] The construction of the building was initiated in 2003 and completed in 2006. It is linked to the building of the Research Institute of Molecular Pathology by a bridge so as to enhance collaborations. Both institutes share a common canteen and their scientific core facilities. In 2002, the geneticist Josef Penninger started as the Scientific Director of the IMBA and recruited Barry Dickson as the first group leader (now at Janelia Research Campus, USA). In 2007 the Vienna Drosophila RNAi Center (VDRC) opened, in collaboration with the Research Institute of Molecular Pathology. In 2018, Josef Penninger was appointed as director of the Life Science Institute of the University of British Columbia [23] and Jürgen Knoblich took the position as interim director of IMBA. In 2020, the institute expanded in an additional building of the Vienna Biocenter (termed VBC6). In 2024, Elly Tanaka took the position as Scientific Director of IMBA.

Scientific Advisory Board

In order to maintain the highest standard of research, the IMBA has installed a process of review and feedback led by an external Scientific Advisory Board (SAB) of internationally recognised scientists. The Board meets yearly and, together with group leaders, discusses the quality, significance, and focus of research conducted. As of December 2022, [24] the IMBA SAB is chaired by Elaine Fuchs (The Rockefeller University) and includes Gregory Hannon (University of Cambridge, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Guido Kroemer (University of Paris Descartes), Maria Leptin (President of the European Research Council ERC and Director of EMBO), Gary Ruvkun (Harvard University), and Nobel prize winner Eric Kandel. [25]

Core scientific facilities

Core scientific facilities within the IMBA provide services to facilitate research making use of stem cells, flies/worms, informatics, optics, molecular biology, comparative medicine, transgenics, protein chemistry, or graphic designs. These core facilities are managed by technical leaders who evaluate and implement a wide range of novel technologies and instrumentations. These professional staff scientists also train users, help with experimental design, and disseminate expert knowledge. The IMBA scientists are not billed for core services, except for certain experiment-related consumables.

Beyond the core scientific facilities of the institute, the IMBA laboratories are also financially supported to use of the core facilities of the Vienna Biocenter.

Seminar and conferences

The IMBA acts as a forum for academic exchange through its participation to a series of weekly internal Vienna Biocenter seminars, and weekly guest lectures (termed "VBC lectures" and "Impromptus") from external, recognised or upcoming scientists.

IMBA and the IMP co-organize the yearly SY-Stem symposium focusing on the next generation of stem cell researchers.

PhD program

The Vienna Biocenter PhD Programme is an international PhD training program carried out jointly by the four Vienna Biocenter research institutes (IMP, IMBA, GMI and Max Perutz Labs). Acceptance into the program is competitive and based on a formal selection procedure. There are two selections each year, deadlines are usually on April 30 and November 15. Participation in the program is a condition for doing a PhD at the IMBA.

Awards

TIMBA has received recognition in the form of 18 ERC grants and through awards to its researchers.

Elly Tanaka, current scientific director, was elected a member of the Academia Europaea in 2015, [26] of the European Molecular Biology Organisation in 2017, the Austrian Academy of Sciences in 2021, [27] [28] the National Academy of Sciences in 2023 [29] and the German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina in 2024. [30] She was awarded the Ernst Schering Prize in 2017, highlighting Tanaka as "the leading expert in the field of regeneration biology". [31] In 2018, she was awarded the Erwin Schrödinger Prize of the Austrian Academy of Sciences for lifetime achievements. [32] In 2020, she was awarded the FEBS | EMBO Women in Science Award. [33]

Jürgen Knoblich, former interim scientific director, has received the Young Investigator Award of the European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO), the Wittgenstein Award awarded by the Austrian Ministry of Science, [34] the Erwin Schrödinger Prize by the Austrian Academy of Sciences, and the Sir Hans Krebs Medal of the Federation of European Biochemical Societies (FEBS). He is an elected member of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences, of the Academia Europaea, of the Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftlichen Klasse of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, of the European Molecular Biology Organisation (EMBO), and is on the board of directors of the International Society for Stem Cell Research. In 2015, he was awarded both an Advanced and a Proof-of-concept European Research Council (ERC) grant.

Josef Penninger, former scientific director, has been elected as a full member of The Austrian Academy of Sciences (ÖAW). [35] He has been awarded the Ernst Jung Prize for Medicine by the Jung-Stiftung for Science and Research, the Descartes Prize for Research by the European Commission and has received the Carus-Medal of the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina. In 2012, Josef Penninger was awarded with the Innovator Award for his project "Novel Approaches to Breast Cancer Prevention and Inhibition of Metastases" through the US Department of Defense. [36] In 2013 Josef Penninger received his second European Research Council’s (ERC) Advanced Investigator Grant for his research in the field of haploid stem cells. [37]

Science communication

In collaboration with the incorporated society Dialog Gentechnik, in 2006 IMBA opened a hands-on biomolecular laboratory open to the public. [38]

Related Research Articles

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Research Institute of Molecular Pathology</span>

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hans Clevers</span> Dutch molecular genetics and stem cell researcher

Johannes (Hans) Carolus Clevers is a Dutch molecular geneticist, cell biologist and stem cell researcher. He became the Head of Pharma, Research and Early Development, and a member of the Corporate Executive Committee, of the Swiss healthcare company Roche in 2022. Previously, he headed a research group at the Hubrecht Institute for Developmental Biology and Stem Cell Research and at the Princess Máxima Center; he remained as an advisor and guest scientist or visiting researcher to both groups. He is also a Professor in Molecular Genetics at the University of Utrecht.

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A myelinoid or myelin organoid is a three dimensional in vitro cultured model derived from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) that represents various brain regions, the spinal cord or the peripheral nervous system in early fetal human development. Myelinoids have the capacity to recapitulate aspects of brain developmental processes, microenvironments, cell to cell interaction, structural organization and cellular composition. The differentiating aspect dictating whether an organoid is deemed a cerebral organoid/brain organoid or myelinoid is the presence of myelination and compact myelin formation that is a defining feature of myelinoids. Due to the complex nature of the human brain, there is a need for model systems which can closely mimic complicated biological processes. Myelinoids provide a unique in vitro model through which myelin pathology, neurodegenerative diseases, developmental processes and therapeutic screening can be accomplished.

References

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  4. ↑ Lexogen (25 September 2017). "Lexogen Launches SLAMseq Kit for Metabolic Sequencing of RNA". Lexogen. Retrieved 2019-11-19.
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  16. ↑ Wimmer, Reiner A.; Leopoldi, Alexandra; Aichinger, Martin; Wick, Nikolaus; Hantusch, Brigitte; Novatchkova, Maria; Taubenschmid, Jasmin; Hämmerle, Monika; Esk, Christopher; Bagley, Joshua A.; Lindenhofer, Dominik (January 2019). "Human blood vessel organoids as a model of diabetic vasculopathy". Nature. 565 (7740): 505–510. Bibcode:2019Natur.565..505W. doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0858-8. ISSN   0028-0836. PMC   7116578 . PMID   30651639.
  17. ↑ Herzog, Veronika A.; Reichholf, Brian; Neumann, Tobias; Rescheneder, Philipp; Bhat, Pooja; Burkard, Thomas R.; Wlotzka, Wiebke; von Haeseler, Arndt; Zuber, Johannes; Ameres, Stefan L. (December 2017). "Thiol-linked alkylation of RNA to assess expression dynamics". Nature Methods. 14 (12): 1198–1204. doi:10.1038/nmeth.4435. ISSN   1548-7105. PMC   5712218 . PMID   28945705.
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  26. ↑
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  31. ↑
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  34. ↑ "Wittgenstein-Preise 2009 an Jürgen Knoblich und Gerhard Widmer". OTS.at (in German). Retrieved 2019-11-21.
  35. ↑ "Oeaw Members Detail". www.oeaw.ac.at. Retrieved 2019-11-21.
  36. ↑ "IMBA's Josef Penninger wins $7.4 million Innovator Award from US Department of Defense". ostaustria.org. Retrieved 2019-11-21.
  37. ↑ "ERC Advanced Grants 2013" (PDF).
  38. ↑ "Open Science". Open Science (in German). Retrieved 2018-02-17.
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