Iraq Burin

Iraq Burin
Municipality type D (Village council)
Arabic transcription(s)
•  Arabic	عراق بورن
Iraq Burin
Iraq Burin Location of Iraq Burin within Palestine
Coordinates: 32°12′05″N35°14′20″E / 32.20139°N 35.23889°E / 32.20139; 35.23889 Coordinates: 32°12′05″N35°14′20″E / 32.20139°N 35.23889°E / 32.20139; 35.23889
Palestine grid	172/178
State	State of Palestine
Governorate	Nablus
Government
• Type	Village council
Name meaning	El ’Arâk, the cliff, bank, or shore [1]

Iraq Burin is a Palestinian village in the Nablus Governorate of the State of Palestine.

History

A tomb on the flanks of the village, to the north side, contained Late Bronze II and IA I pieces. ^[2]

Remains from the Iron Age I (1200-1100 BCE) have been found here. ^[3]

The road leading to the village have revealed parts of a mosaic floor, which might have belonged to a shrine from the Byzantine era. ^[4]

Ottoman era

In 1838, in the Ottoman era, the village, called el Arak, was noted located in the Jurat Amra district, south of Nablus, ^[5] and was inhabited by Muslims. ^[6]

In 1870 Victor Guérin noted it located north-east of Tell, "perched like an eagle's nest on the summit of a very steep rocky hill." ^[7]

In 1882 the PEF's Survey of Western Palestine (SWP) noted that Arak "is named from the cliff on which it stands, on a spur of Gerizim; it is of moderate size and built of stone, with two springs beneath in the valley, one north, one south; olives are grown on the hill facing the village towards the north." ^[8]

British Mandate era

In the 1922 census of Palestine, conducted by the British Mandate authorities, Iraq Burin had 81 Muslim inhabitants, ^[9] decreasing in the 1931 census to 62, still all Muslim, in a total of 16 houses. ^[10]

In the 1945 statistics, Iraq Burin was counted with Burin, and together they had a population of 1,200, all Muslims, ^[11] with 19,096 dunams of land, according to an official land and population survey. ^[12] Of this, 1,797 dunams were plantations and irrigable land, 8,741 used for cereals, ^[13] while 106 dunams were built-up (urban) land. ^[14]

Jordanian era

In the wake of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, and after the 1949 Armistice Agreements, Iraq Burin came under Jordanian rule.

Post-1967

Demonstration in Iraq Burin

Since the Six-Day War in 1967, Iraq Burin has been under Israeli occupation.

In 2009, the Israeli settlement of Har Brakha took control of 30 dunams of village land, west of the village, which formerly were used for grapes and almonds. In total, Israel has confiscated 291 dunams of land from Iraq Burin in order to construct Har Brakha, in addition to land taken from Burin and Kafr Qallil. ^[15]

In March, 2010, two brothers of the village, Mohammed and Osaid Qadus, 16 and 18 years old, were shot dead by Israeli soldiers, in an incident which the IDF said happened because the Israeli troops were "ill-prepared for missions." ^{[16] [17] [18]}

In January, 2011, 19 year old Oday Maher Hamza Qadous was shot dead by an Israeli settler from Har Brakha. The villagers said Qadous was farming in the village fields when he was shot, while the settlers said he was throwing stones. ^{[19] [20]}

References

1. Palmer, 1881, p. 179
2. Bull and Campbell, 1968, p. 38; cited in Miller, 2003, p. 166
3. Jaroš and Deckert, 1977, pp. 24, 33; cited in Miller, 2003, p. 166
4. Bull and Campbell, 1968, p. 38
5. Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol. 3, 2nd Appendix, p. 127
6. Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol. 3, 2nd Appendix, p. 126
7. Guerin, 1875, p. 178
8. Conder and Kitchener, 1883, SWP III, p. 162
9. Barron, 1923, Table IX, Sub-district of Nablus, p. 24
10. Mills, 1932, p. 62
11. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics, 1945, p. 18
12. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 59
13. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 105
14. Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 155
15. The Expansion of the Colony of Brakha at the Expense of Iraq Burin Lands, October 1, 2009, POICA
16. Two more Palestinian youths shot dead by Israelis in bloody weekend, 22 March 2010, The Independent
17. Rebuke given to Israeli soldiers in West Bank deaths, 27 April 2010, BBC
18. '4 Palestinians' death could have been avoided', 04.26.10, Ynet
19. ‘Palestinian teen was shot dead after throwing rocks’, January 28, 2011, Jerusalem Post
20. Two Palestinians shot by settlers in 24 hours, January 27, 2011, +972 Magazine

Bibliography

• Barron, J.B., ed. (1923). Palestine: Report and General Abstracts of the Census of 1922. Government of Palestine.
• Bull, Robert J.; Edward F. Campbell (1968). "The Sixth Campaign at Balâṭah (Shechem)". Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research. 190 (190): 2–41. doi:10.2307/1356191. JSTOR   1356191. S2CID   222441522.
• Conder, C.R.; Kitchener, H.H. (1882). The Survey of Western Palestine: Memoirs of the Topography, Orography, Hydrography, and Archaeology. Vol. 2. London: Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund.
• Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics (1945). Village Statistics, April, 1945.
• Guérin, V. (1875). Description Géographique Historique et Archéologique de la Palestine (in French). Vol. 2: Samarie, pt. 2. Paris: L'Imprimerie Nationale.
• Hadawi, S. (1970). Village Statistics of 1945: A Classification of Land and Area ownership in Palestine. Palestine Liberation Organization Research Center.
• Jaroš, K.; Deckert B. (1977). Studien zur Sichem Ära (PDF). University of Zurich. pp. 1–83. ISBN   3-7278-0180-8.
• Miller II, Robert D. (2003). "A Gazetteer of Iron I Sites in the North-Central Highlands of Palestine". Annual of the American Schools of Oriental Research. 56: 143–218. ISBN   0-89757-026-X.
• Mills, E., ed. (1932). Census of Palestine 1931. Population of Villages, Towns and Administrative Areas. Jerusalem: Government of Palestine.
• Palmer, E.H. (1881). The Survey of Western Palestine: Arabic and English Name Lists Collected During the Survey by Lieutenants Conder and Kitchener, R. E. Transliterated and Explained by E.H. Palmer. Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund.
• Robinson, E.; Smith, E. (1841). Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the year 1838. Vol. 3. Boston: Crocker & Brewster.

External links

• Welcome To 'Iraq Burin
• Iraq Burin
• Survey of Western Palestine, Map 11: IAA, Wikimedia commons
• 'Iraq Burin areal photo, Applied Research Institute–Jerusalem, ARIJ
• Development Priorities and Needs in Iraq Burin, ARIJ
• Destroying Scores of Trees in Iraq Burin, POICA