Palestinian refugee camps

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Clickable map of the Palestinian refugee camps

Palestinian refugee camps were first established to accommodate Palestinians who were displaced by the 1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight during the 1948 Palestine war. [1] Camps were established by the United Nations Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA) in Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, the West Bank and the Gaza Strip. A subsequent wave of Palestinian refugees were created in the Naksa after the Six-Day War in 1967. [2]

Contents

There are 68 Palestinian refugee camps in total, 58 official and 10 unofficial, [3] ten of which were established after the Six-Day War while the others were established in 1948 to 1950s.

Only a third of registered Palestinian refugees live within the boundaries of the refugee camps. [4] Most have integrated socially and economically outside the camps. [5] Many live in adjacent geographic areas. [6]

The number of registered Palestine refugees grew from 750,000 in 1950 to around 5 million in 2013. [7]

History

Role of UNRWA

UNRWA's mandate is to provide assistance to Palestinian refugees, including access to its refugee camps. For this purpose, it defines Palestinian refugees as "persons whose normal place of residence was Palestine during the period 1 June 1946 to 15 May 1948, and who lost both home and means of livelihood as a result of the 1948 conflict." [7]

UNRWA also extends assistance to the patrilineal descendants of such refugees, as well as their legally adopted children. [7]

Shu'fat Camp in the city of Jerusalem, 2023. The official area of the camp is in the center of the image and is characterized by low-rise buildings; on either side of the camp are additional Palestinian neighborhoods located beyond the Israeli West Bank barrier (visible at the bottom of the image), where the buildings are taller. ShufatCampJuly142023 05.jpg
Shu'fat Camp in the city of Jerusalem, 2023. The official area of the camp is in the center of the image and is characterized by low-rise buildings; on either side of the camp are additional Palestinian neighborhoods located beyond the Israeli West Bank barrier (visible at the bottom of the image), where the buildings are taller.
Nabatieh refugee camp before and after its destruction by the Israeli military in 1974 Nabatieh Camp before and after.jpg
Nabatieh refugee camp before and after its destruction by the Israeli military in 1974

For a camp to be recognized by UNRWA, there must be an agreement between the host government and UNRWA governing use of the camp. UNRWA does not itself run any camps, has no police powers or administrative role, but simply provides services to the camp. UNRWA recognizes facilities in 58 designated refugee camps in Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, the West Bank and the Gaza Strip, and it also provides facilities in other areas where large numbers of registered Palestine refugees live outside of recognized camps. UNRWA also provided relief to Jewish displaced persons inside Israel following the 1948 conflict until the Israeli government took over responsibility for them in 1952. Refugee camps developed from tented cities to rows of concrete blockhouses to urban ghettos indistinguishable from their surroundings (effectively becoming urban developments within existing cities or by themselves), that house around one third of all registered Palestine refugees.

The Funding for UNRWA activities comes almost entirely from voluntary contributions from UN member states. UNRWA also receives some funding from the Regular Budget of the United Nations, which is used mostly for international staffing costs. [7]

List of camps

The camps are divided between five regions:

NameFoundedLocationStatusCoordinatesPopulationArea (km2)Density (pop/km2)CommentsRefs
Yarmouk 1957SyriaUnofficial 33°28′27″N36°18′11″E / 33.47417°N 36.30306°E / 33.47417; 36.30306 n.a.2.1n.a.Largely destroyed (was 160,000 population) [8]
Rafah 1949Gaza StripUNRWA 31°16′58.87″N34°15′11.52″E / 31.2830194°N 34.2532000°E / 31.2830194; 34.2532000 125,304n.a.n.a. [9]
Baqa'a 1968JordanUNRWA 32°04′25″N35°50′35″E / 32.07361°N 35.84306°E / 32.07361; 35.84306 119,0001.485,000 [10]
Jabalia 1948Gaza StripUNRWA 31°32′20.81″N34°29′57.63″E / 31.5391139°N 34.4993417°E / 31.5391139; 34.4993417 113,9901.481,421 [11]
Khan Yunis 1949Gaza StripUNRWA 31°21′3″N34°17′18″E / 31.35083°N 34.28833°E / 31.35083; 34.28833 87,8160.549159,956 [12] [13]
Al-Shati (Beach camp)1948Gaza StripUNRWA 31°31′55.91″N34°26′43.42″E / 31.5321972°N 34.4453944°E / 31.5321972; 34.4453944 85,6280.52164,669 [14]
Nuseirat 1949Gaza StripUNRWA 31°26′51.56″N34°23′34.35″E / 31.4476556°N 34.3928750°E / 31.4476556; 34.3928750 80,194n.a.n.a. [15]
Ain al-Hilweh 1948LebanonUNRWA 33°32′37″N35°22′41″E / 33.54361°N 35.37806°E / 33.54361; 35.37806 59,6600.3198,867 [16] [17]
Al-Wehdat refugee camp (Amman New Camp)1955JordanUNRWA 31°55′35″N35°56′18″E / 31.92639°N 35.93833°E / 31.92639; 35.93833 57,0000.48118,750 [18]
Marka 1968JordanUNRWA 32°00′33″N36°01′14″E / 32.00917°N 36.02056°E / 32.00917; 36.02056 53,0000.9257,609 [19]
Jaramana 1948SyriaUNRWA 33°29′N36°21′E / 33.483°N 36.350°E / 33.483; 36.350 49,0000.031,633,333 [20]
Latakia 1955–6SyriaUnofficial 35°30′28″N35°47′45″E / 35.50778°N 35.79583°E / 35.50778; 35.79583 47,4000.22215,455 [21]
Bureij 1949Gaza StripUNRWA 31°26′22.31″N34°24′10.58″E / 31.4395306°N 34.4029389°E / 31.4395306; 34.4029389 43,3300.52981,909 [22] [23]
Rashidieh 1963LebanonUNRWA 33°14′12.12″N35°13′5.16″E / 33.2367000°N 35.2181000°E / 33.2367000; 35.2181000 34,5840.25138,336 [24] [17]
Jabal el-Hussein 1952JordanUNRWA 31°57′52″N35°54′23″E / 31.96444°N 35.90639°E / 31.96444; 35.90639 32,0000.4276,190 [25]
Maghazi 1949Gaza StripUNRWA 31°25′16.89″N34°23′07.35″E / 31.4213583°N 34.3853750°E / 31.4213583; 34.3853750 31,3290.652,215 [26]
Jerash 1968JordanUNRWA 32°16′20.21″N35°53′29.03″E / 32.2722806°N 35.8913972°E / 32.2722806; 35.8913972 29,0000.7538,667 [27]
Irbid 1951JordanUNRWA 32°33′0″N35°51′0″E / 32.55000°N 35.85000°E / 32.55000; 35.85000 28,0000.24116,667 [28]
Balata 1950West BankUNRWA 32°12′N35°17′E / 32.200°N 35.283°E / 32.200; 35.283 27,0000.25108,000 [29]
Deir al-Balah 1948Gaza StripUNRWA 31°25′33″N34°20′26″E / 31.42583°N 34.34056°E / 31.42583; 34.34056 25,5690.16159,806 [30] [31]
Husn (Martyr Azmi el-Mufti camp)1968JordanUNRWA 32°28′30″N35°54′18″E / 32.47500°N 35.90500°E / 32.47500; 35.90500 25,0000.7732,468 [32]
Burj el-Shamali 1955LebanonUNRWA 33°15′47″N35°14′20″E / 33.26306°N 35.23889°E / 33.26306; 35.23889 24,9290.134186,037 [33] [17]
Shu'fat camp 1965West BankUNRWA 31°48′44″N35°14′47″E / 31.81222°N 35.24639°E / 31.81222; 35.24639 24,0000.2120,000 [34]
Qabr Essit 1967SyriaUNRWA 33°26′50″N36°20′10″E / 33.44722°N 36.33611°E / 33.44722; 36.33611 23,7000.021,185,000 [35]
Tulkarm 1950West BankUNRWA 32°18′51″N35°2′4″E / 32.31417°N 35.03444°E / 32.31417; 35.03444 21,5000.18119,444 [36]
Beddawi 1955LebanonUNRWA 34°27′0.64″N35°52′9.17″E / 34.4501778°N 35.8692139°E / 34.4501778; 35.8692139 21,2520.2106,260 [37] [17]
Zarqa 1949JordanUNRWA 32°05′N36°06′E / 32.083°N 36.100°E / 32.083; 36.100 20,0000.18111,111 [38]
Bourj el-Barajneh 1948LebanonUNRWA 33°50′54″N35°30′12″E / 33.84833°N 35.50333°E / 33.84833; 35.50333 19,5390.104187,875 [39] [17]
Souf 1967JordanUNRWA 32°18′30″N35°53′7.37″E / 32.30833°N 35.8853806°E / 32.30833; 35.8853806 19,0000.538,000 [40]
Askar 1950West BankUNRWA 32°13′11.51″N35°17′50.77″E / 32.2198639°N 35.2974361°E / 32.2198639; 35.2974361 18,5000.119155,462 [41]
Al-Nayrab 1948SyriaUNRWA 36°10′32″N37°13′40″E / 36.17556°N 37.22778°E / 36.17556; 37.22778 18,0000.15120,000 [42]
Dheisheh 1949West BankUNRWA 31°41′38.47″N35°11′02.96″E / 31.6940194°N 35.1841556°E / 31.6940194; 35.1841556 15,0000.3345,455 [43]
Qalandia 1949West BankUNRWA 33°19′55″N36°19′56″E / 33.33194°N 36.33222°E / 33.33194; 36.33222 14,8000.4235,238 [44]
Al-Hassan 1967JordanUnofficial 31°57′27″N35°58′19″E / 31.95750°N 35.97194°E / 31.95750; 35.97194 14,068n.a.n.a. [45] [46] [47]
Jenin 1953West BankUNRWA 32°27′41″N35°17′11″E / 32.46139°N 35.28639°E / 32.46139; 35.28639 14,0000.4233,333 [48]
Jalazone 1949West BankUNRWA 31°57′07.15″N35°12′41.58″E / 31.9519861°N 35.2115500°E / 31.9519861; 35.2115500 13,0000.25351,383 [49]
Al-Sabinah 1948SyriaUNRWA 33°26′2″N36°17′8″E / 33.43389°N 36.28556°E / 33.43389; 36.28556 13,0000.03433,333 [50]
Homs 1949SyriaUNRWA 34°42′30.29″N36°42′26.62″E / 34.7084139°N 36.7073944°E / 34.7084139; 36.7073944 13,0000.1586,667 [51]
Khan Danoun 1950SyriaUNRWA 33°19′55″N36°19′56″E / 33.33194°N 36.33222°E / 33.33194; 36.33222 12,6500.03421,667 [52]
El Buss 1948LebanonUNRWA 33°16′21″N35°12′36″E / 33.27250°N 35.21000°E / 33.27250; 35.21000 12,2810.08153,513 [53] [17]
Al-Arroub 1950West BankUNRWA 31°37′23.18″N35°08′12.19″E / 31.6231056°N 35.1367194°E / 31.6231056; 35.1367194 12,0000.2450,000 [54]
Khan al-Shih 1949SyriaUNRWA 33°21′30″N36°6′26″E / 33.35833°N 36.10722°E / 33.35833; 36.10722 12,0000.6917,391 [55]
Shatila 1949LebanonUNRWA 33°51′46″N35°29′54″E / 33.86278°N 35.49833°E / 33.86278; 35.49833 10,8490.04271,225 [56] [17]
Nur Shams 1952West BankUNRWA 32°19′07.36″N35°03′31.63″E / 32.3187111°N 35.0587861°E / 32.3187111; 35.0587861 10,5000.2150,000 [57]
Daraa 1950SyriaUNRWA 32°37′N36°6′E / 32.617°N 36.100°E / 32.617; 36.100 10,5001.38,077 [58]
Fawwar 1949West BankUNRWA 31°28′46.45″N35°03′52.93″E / 31.4795694°N 35.0647028°E / 31.4795694; 35.0647028 9,5000.2735,185 [59]
Wavel 1948LebanonUNRWA 33°59′56.27″N36°11′35.46″E / 33.9989639°N 36.1931833°E / 33.9989639; 36.1931833 9,4600.043220,000 [60] [17]
Hama 1950SyriaUNRWA 35°08′N36°45′E / 35.133°N 36.750°E / 35.133; 36.750 9,0000.06150,000 [61]
Aqabat Jaber 1948West BankUNRWA 31°50′17.00″N35°26′30.20″E / 31.8380556°N 35.4417222°E / 31.8380556; 35.4417222 8,6001.675,150 [62]
Madaba camp 1956JordanUnofficial 31°42′41″N35°47′15″E / 31.71139°N 35.78750°E / 31.71139; 35.78750 8,597n.a.n.a. [45]
Far'a 1949West BankUNRWA 32°17′38.35″N35°20′39.74″E / 32.2939861°N 35.3443722°E / 32.2939861; 35.3443722 8,5000.2632,692 [63]
Talbieh Camp 1968JordanUNRWA 31°42′19″N35°56′57″E / 31.70528°N 35.94917°E / 31.70528; 35.94917 8,0000.1361,538 [64]
Ein Beit al-Ma' (Camp No. 1)1950West BankUNRWA 32°13′48.91″N35°14′58.42″E / 32.2302528°N 35.2495611°E / 32.2302528; 35.2495611 7,5000.045166,667 [65]
Sokhna camp 1969JordanUnofficial 32°7′59″N36°4′20″E / 32.13306°N 36.07222°E / 32.13306; 36.07222 7,424n.a.n.a.sometimes transliterated 'Sakhna' or 'Sukhna' [45]
Am'ari 1949West BankUNRWA 31°53′38.60″N35°12′41.52″E / 31.8940556°N 35.2115333°E / 31.8940556; 35.2115333 7,0000.09672,917 [66]
Ein Al-Tal (also known as Handarat camp)1962SyriaUnofficial 36°17′34.84″N37°9′24.86″E / 36.2930111°N 37.1569056°E / 36.2930111; 37.1569056 n.a.0.16n.a.Largely destroyed (was 7,000 population) [67]
Nahr al-Bared 1949LebanonUNRWA 34°30′47″N35°57′40″E / 34.51306°N 35.96111°E / 34.51306; 35.96111 5,8570.19829,581Reconstructed, was 27,000 population [68] [17]
Mieh Mieh 1954LebanonUNRWA 33°32′30″N35°23′29″E / 33.54167°N 35.39139°E / 33.54167; 35.39139 5,7470.054106,426 [69] [17]
Aida 1950West BankUNRWA 31°43′10.34″N35°11′56.31″E / 31.7195389°N 35.1989750°E / 31.7195389; 35.1989750 5,5000.07177,465 [70]
Dbayeh 1956LebanonUNRWA 33°54′N35°34′E / 33.900°N 35.567°E / 33.900; 35.567 4,5910.08454,655 [71] [17]
Ein as-Sultan camp 1948West BankUNRWA 31°52′40.24″N35°26′46.24″E / 31.8778444°N 35.4461778°E / 31.8778444; 35.4461778 3,8000.874,368 [72]
'Azza (Beit Jibrin)1950West BankUNRWA 31°42′54.78″N35°12′07.61″E / 31.7152167°N 35.2021139°E / 31.7152167; 35.2021139 2,9000.027107,407 [73]
Deir 'Ammar Camp 1949West BankUNRWA 31°57′57.22″N35°05′55.98″E / 31.9658944°N 35.0988833°E / 31.9658944; 35.0988833 2,5000.16215,432 [74]
Qaddura camp1948West BankUnofficial 31°54′3.32″N35°12′21.18″E / 31.9009222°N 35.2058833°E / 31.9009222; 35.2058833 1,558n.a.n.a. [75]
Mar Elias refugee camp 1952LebanonUNRWA 33°52′38″N35°29′19″E / 33.87722°N 35.48861°E / 33.87722; 35.48861 7250.0054134,259 [76] [17]
Silwad Camp 1971West BankUnofficial 31°58′5″N35°15′41″E / 31.96806°N 35.26139°E / 31.96806; 35.26139 462n.a.n.a. [45]
Abu Shukheidim camp1948West BankUnofficialn.a.n.a.n.a.Town of Abu Shukhaydam (sic) shows on maps as ~1 mi SW of Birzeit [45]
Birzeit camp (As-Saqaeif)1948West BankUnofficial 31°58′12″N35°12′01″E / 31.97000°N 35.20028°E / 31.97000; 35.20028 n.a.n.a.n.a. [45] [77]

Population statistics

The evolution of Palestinian refugee population is shown below: [78] [5]

195019601970198019902000200420092018
Jordan506,200613,743506,038716,372929,0971,570,1921,758,2741,951,6032,242,579
Lebanon127,600136,561175,958226,554302,049376,472396,890422,188475,075
Syria82,194115,043158,717209,362280,731383,199417,346461,897560,139
West Bank––272,692324,035414,298583,009675,670762,820846,465
Gaza Strip198,227255,542311,814367,995496,339824,622938,5311,073,3031,421,282
Total registered refugees914,2211,120,8891,425,2191,844,3182,422,5143,737,4944,186,7114,671,8115,545,540

The number of Palestinian refugees living within the UNWRA registered area of operations is shown below, both those living in camps and those living outside camps: [4] [5] [79]

Registered persons (refugees and other)Registered refugees in camps % registered refugees in camps
1953870,158300,78534.6
1955912,425351,53238.5
19601,136,487409,22336.0
19651,300,117508,04239.1
19701,445,022500,98534.7
19751,652,436551,64333.4
19801,863,162613,14932.9
19852,119,862805,48238.0
19902,466,516697,70928.3
19953,246,0441,007,37531.0
20003,806,0551,227,95432.3
20054,283,8921,265,98729.6
20104,966,6641,452,79029.3
20155,741,4801,632,87628.4
20186,171,7931,728,40928.0

The table below shows the population of registered refugees, other registered people, and refugees residing in camps, in 2018. [80] UNRWA's definition of Other Registered Persons refer to "those who, at the time of original registration did not satisfy all of UNRWA's Palestine refugee criteria, but who were determined to have suffered significant loss and/or hardship for reasons related to the 1948 conflict in Palestine; they also include persons who belong to the families of other registered persons." [81]

JordanLebanonSyriaWest BankGaza StripTotal
Registered refugees2,242,579475,075560,139846,4651,421,2825,545,540
Other registered people133,90258,81083,003201,525149,013626,253
Total registered people2,376,481533,885643,1421,047,9901,570,2956,171,793
Refugees living within official camp borders412,054270,614194,993256,758593,9901,728,409
 % living within camp borders18.4%57.0%34.8%30.3%41.8%31.2%

See also

References

  1. ↑ MacDonald, Alex (19 December 2023). "Israel-Palestine war: A brief history of refugee camps in Gaza". Middle East Eye. Retrieved 17 June 2025.
  2. ↑ UNWRA, Palestine refugees
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 UNRWA Annual Operational report 2019 for the Reporting period 01 January – 31 December 2019, pages 168-169, "Infrastructure and Camp Improvement Statistics"
  4. 1 2 Report of the Commissioner-General of the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East, 1 July 2003-30 June 2004, Supplement No. 13 (A/59/13) Table 3: Number and distribution of special hardship cases (as at 30 June 2004)
  5. 1 2 3 Ḥanafī, Sārī "Palestinian Refugee Camps in the Arab East: Governmentalities in Search of Legitimacy." (2010), page 6
  6. ↑ BADIL Refugee Survey 2016-18, page 29, 34, 35
  7. 1 2 3 4 "Who We Are - UNRWA". UNRWA . Retrieved 8 January 2014.
  8. ↑ UNRWA Yarmouk Camp
  9. ↑ UNRWA Rafah Camp
  10. ↑ UNRWA Baqa'a refugee camp
  11. ↑ UNRWA Jabalia Camp
  12. ↑ UNRWA Khan Yunis Camp
  13. ↑ "UNRWA: Refugee camp profiles: Gaza field office". www.un.org. Archived from the original on 27 February 2006. Retrieved 15 January 2022.
  14. ↑ UNRWA Al-Shati Camp
  15. ↑ UNRWA Nuseirat Camp
  16. ↑ UNRWA Ain al-Hilweh
  17. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 "Report on fact-finding mission to Lebanon 2 – 18 May 1998" (PDF). newtodenmark.dk. The Danish Immigration Service. 1 June 1998. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
  18. ↑ UNRWA Al-Wehdat refugee camp
  19. ↑ UNRWA Marka refugee camp
  20. ↑ UNRWA Jaramana
  21. ↑ UNRWA Latakia Camp
  22. ↑ UNRWA Bureij
  23. ↑ "UNRWA: Refugee camp profiles: Gaza field office". UNRWA. Archived from the original on June 24, 2007. Retrieved July 8, 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  24. ↑ UNRWA Rashidieh
  25. ↑ UNRWA Al-Abdali
  26. ↑ UNRWA Maghazi (camp)
  27. ↑ UNRWA Jerash
  28. ↑ UNRWA Irbid
  29. ↑ UNRWA Balata
  30. ↑ UNRWA Deir al-Balah Camp
  31. ↑ "UNRWA: Refugee camp profiles: Gaza field office". www.un.org. Archived from the original on 31 January 2006. Retrieved 15 January 2022.
  32. ↑ UNRWA Husn Camp
  33. ↑ UNRWA Burj el-Shemali
  34. ↑ UNRWA Shu'fat camp
  35. ↑ UNRWA Qabr Essit
  36. ↑ UNRWA Tulkarm Camp
  37. ↑ UNRWA Beddawi refugee camp
  38. ↑ UNRWA Zarqa
  39. ↑ UNRWA Bourj el-Barajneh
  40. ↑ UNRWA Souf Camp
  41. ↑ UNRWA Askar (camp)
  42. ↑ UNRWA Al-Nayrab
  43. ↑ UNRWA Dheisheh
  44. ↑ UNRWA Kalandia Camp
  45. 1 2 3 4 5 6 BADIL Refugee Survey 2016-18, pages 30-33
  46. ↑ "Palestinian Refugees and Displaced Camps in Jordan: Prince Hassan Camp". dpa.gov.jo. Retrieved 2 January 2024.
  47. ↑ al-Husseini, Jalal (13 February 2013). The Evolution of the Palestinian Refugee Camps in Jordan. Between Logics of Exclusion and Integration. Villes, pratiques urbaines et construction nationale en Jordanie. Presses de l’Ifpo. pp. 181–204. ISBN   978-2-35159-315-8 . Retrieved 2 January 2024.
  48. ↑ UNRWA Jenin Camp
  49. ↑ UNRWA Jalazone
  50. ↑ UNRWA Al-Sabinah
  51. ↑ UNRWA Homs Camp
  52. ↑ UNRWA Khan Dannun
  53. ↑ UNRWA El-Buss refugee camp
  54. ↑ UNRWA Al-Arroub (camp)
  55. ↑ UNRWA Khan al-Shih
  56. ↑ UNRWA Shatila refugee camp
  57. ↑ UNRWA Nur Shams, Tulkarm
  58. ↑ UNRWA Deraa
  59. ↑ UNRWA Fawwar, Hebron
  60. ↑ UNRWA Wavel
  61. ↑ UNRWA Hama
  62. ↑ UNRWA Aqabat Jaber
  63. ↑ UNRWA Far'a
  64. ↑ UNRWA Talbieh Camp
  65. ↑ UNRWA Ein Beit al-Ma'
  66. ↑ UNRWA Am'ari
  67. ↑ UNRWA Ein el Tal
  68. ↑ UNRWA Nahr al-Bared
  69. ↑ UNRWA Mieh Mieh refugee camp
  70. ↑ UNRWA Aida (camp)
  71. ↑ UNRWA Dbayeh
  72. ↑ UNRWA Ein as-Sultan
  73. ↑ UNRWA 'Azza
  74. ↑ UNRWA Deir 'Ammar Camp
  75. ↑ "Qaddura camp profile" (PDF).
  76. ↑ UNRWA Mar Elias refugee camp
  77. ↑ "مخيم بير زيت" [Bir Zeit camp]. palcamps.net. Retrieved 4 January 2024.
  78. ↑ Report of the Commissioner-General of the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East, 1 July 2003-30 June 2004, Supplement No. 13 (A/59/13) Table 2: Distribution of registered population (as at 30 June 2004)
  79. ↑ BADIL Refugee Survey 2016-18, page 30
  80. ↑ "in Figures 2019".
  81. ↑ Annual Operational Report 2019

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