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Officeholders whose status is disputed are shown in italics |
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The government of Palestine is the government of the Palestinian Authority or State of Palestine. The Executive Committee of the Palestine Liberation Organization (EC) is the highest executive body of the Palestine Liberation Organization and acts as the government. Since June 2007, there have been two separate administrations in Palestine, one in the West Bank and the other in the Gaza Strip. The government on the West Bank was generally recognised as the Palestinian Authority Government. On the other hand, the government in the Gaza Strip claimed to be the legitimate government of the Palestinian Authority. Until June 2014, when the Palestinian Unity Government was formed, the government in the West Bank was the Fatah-dominated Palestinian government of 2013. In the Gaza Strip, the government was the Hamas government of 2012. Following two Fatah–Hamas Agreements in 2014, on 25 September 2014 Hamas agreed to let the PA Government resume control over the Gaza Strip and its border crossings with Egypt and Israel. However, that agreement had broken down by June 2015, after President Abbas said the PA government was unable to operate in the Gaza Strip.
The following organizations have claimed or exercised authority over the Palestinian people or a Arab state in Palestine in the past:
Palestinian National Authority was formally an interim administrative body established by the PLO pursuant to the Oslo Accords of 1993. Pursuant to the Oslo Accords, the PA Government had only authority over some civil rights of the Palestinians in the West Bank Areas A and B and in the Gaza Strip, and over internal security in Area A and in Gaza. One of the security tasks was the security cooperation between Israel and the Palestinian Authority, which among other things aimed at the prevention of Palestinian attacks on the Israeli army and settlers. Until 2007 it exercised control of populated areas in Area A and B of the West Bank and in the Gaza Strip:
Since June 2007, the Fatah-led government has exercised authority in Ramallah, West Bank, and has been recognized as the official government of the Palestinian Authority; while since Hamas took control in the Gaza Strip, it has exercised de facto control there, ousting Fatah PNA representatives in June 2007.
Following talks mediated by China, on 23 July 2024, Palestinian groups including Hamas and Fatah reached an agreement to end their divisions and form an interim unity government, which they announced in the "Beijing Declaration". [10] The agreement was designed to address governance for "the day after" a ceasefire with Israel. [10]
Government | Dates in office | Prime Minister |
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All-Palestine | 22 September 1948 – June 1959 | Ahmed Hilmi Pasha |
1st | 5 July 1994 – 17 May 1996 | Yasser Arafat |
2nd | 17 May 1996 – 9 August 1998 | Yasser Arafat |
3rd | 9 August 1998 – 13 June 2002 | Yasser Arafat |
4th | 13 June 2002 – 29 October 2002 | Yasser Arafat |
5th | 29 October 2002 – 30 April 2003 | Yasser Arafat |
6th | 30 April 2003 – 7 October 2003 | Mahmoud Abbas |
7th | 7 October 2003 – 12 November 2003 | Ahmed Qurei |
8th | 12 November 2003 – 24 February 2005 | Ahmed Qurei |
9th | 24 February 2005 – 29 March 2006 | Ahmed Qurei |
10th | 29 March 2006 – 17 March 2007 | Ismail Haniyeh |
11th | 17 March 2007 – 14 June 2007 | Ismail Haniyeh |
12th | 14 June 2007 – 19 May 2009 | Salam Fayyad |
13th | 19 May 2009 – 16 May 2012 | Salam Fayyad |
14th | 16 May 2012 – 6 June 2013 | Salam Fayyad |
15th | 6 June 2013 – 19 September 2013 | Rami Hamdallah |
16th | 19 September 2013 – 2 June 2014 | Rami Hamdallah |
17th | 2 June 2014 – 13 April 2019 | Rami Hamdallah |
18th | 13 April 2019 – 31 March 2024 | Mohammad Shtayyeh |
19th | 31 March 2024 – present | Mohammad Mustafa |