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Formation | 20 December 1999 |
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Founding document | Macao Basic Law |
Country | China |
Website | www.gov.mo |
Legislative branch | |
Legislature | Legislative Assembly |
Speaker | President |
Meeting place | Legislative Assembly Building |
Executive branch | |
Leader | Chief Executive |
Appointed by | Premier, State Council of China |
Headquarters | Macau Government Headquarters |
Main organ | Executive Council |
Judicial branch | |
Court | Court of Final Appeal (See also Judiciary of Macau) |
Seat | Superior Court of Macau Building |
Government of Macau | |||||||||||
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Chinese name | |||||||||||
Traditional Chinese | 澳門特別行政區政府 | ||||||||||
Simplified Chinese | 澳门特别行政区政府 | ||||||||||
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Abbreviation | |||||||||||
Chinese | 澳門政府 | ||||||||||
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Portuguese name | |||||||||||
Portuguese | Governo da Região Administrativa Especial de Macau |
Politics and government of Macau |
Related topics |
The Government of the Macau Special Administrative Region, commonly known as the Macau Government, is the executive authorities of Macau. Formed on 20 December 1999 in accordance with the Sino-Portuguese Joint Declaration, it is headed by secretariats or commissioners and report directly to the chief executive. The affairs of the government are decided by secretaries, who are appointed by the chief executive and endorsed by the State Council of the Central People's Government in Beijing. As a special administrative region of China, Macau has a high degree of autonomy, in light of the "One Country, Two Systems" policy. The Macau Government, financially independent from the Central People's Government, oversees the affairs of Macau.
The chief executive is responsible for the administration of Macau. The affairs of the government are decided by secretariats, who are appointed by the chief executive and endorsed by the State Council of the People's Republic of China in Beijing. The office of chief executive replaced that of governor after 1999 as head of the government in Macau. The chief executive reports to the State Council.
The current chief executive is Ho Iat Seng and Hoi Lai Fong is the chief of the Office of the Chief Executive. [1]
The secretaries are similar to the Hong Kong Government policy bureaux secretaries. However, there are fewer secretaries in Macau, and they are considered part of the civil service instead of officials employed on contracts. [2] The current (fifth) government was inaugurated in December 2019. [3]
The principal officials of the current government are:
Each secretary leads a number of bureaux (Chinese :局 or 署; Portuguese : direcções or instituto, lit. 'directorate or institutes'), which carry out decisions and plans made by the secretaries.
The structure of the Portuguese administration in Macau was slightly different from the current:
Localisation of key positions was non-existent prior to the handover, all department heads were Portuguese. Chinese civil service heads did not appear until after the establishment of the special administrative region. Currently, many government officials received education in Mainland China, some of them even grew up in China.
The Government Information Bureau (Chinese :澳門特別行政區政府新聞局, Portuguese : Gabinete de Comunicação Social, GCS), commonly known as Macaogcs is the agency responsible for coordinating and studying the social transmission of government of the Macao Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China The departments that broadcast and provide assistance to the administrative authorities in this field are directly under the jurisdiction of the chief executive. [4]
Under the Basic Law, the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region is exclusively in charge of its internal affairs, whilst the central government of China is responsible for its foreign affairs and defence. As a separate customs territory, Hong Kong maintains and develops relations with foreign states and regions, and plays an active role in such international organisations as World Trade Organization (WTO) and the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) in its own right under the name of Hong Kong, China. Hong Kong participates in 16 projects of United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.
Macau or Macao is a special administrative region of the People's Republic of China. With a population of about 680,000 and an area of 32.9 km2 (12.7 sq mi), it is the most densely populated region in the world.
Politics of Macau is a framework of a politically constrained multi-party presidential system, dominated by the People's Republic of China. It includes the legislature, the judiciary, the government, and a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government, led by the Chief Executive.
The People's Liberation Army Macao Garrison is a garrison of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), responsible for defense duties in the Macau Special Administrative Region (SAR) since the sovereignty of Macau was transferred to China in 1999.
The special administrative regions (SAR) of the People's Republic of China are one of four types of province-level divisions of the People's Republic of China directly under the control of its Central People's Government, being integral areas of the country. As a region, they possess the highest degree of autonomy from China's central government. However, despite the relative autonomy that the Central People's Government offers the special administrative regions, the National People's Congress and its Standing Committee remains capable of enforcing laws for the special administrative regions.
The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, commonly known as the Hong Kong Government or HKSAR Government, is the executive authorities of Hong Kong. It was formed on 1 July 1997 in accordance with the Sino-British Joint Declaration of 1983, an international treaty lodged at the United Nations. This government replaced the former British Hong Kong Government (1842–1997). The Chief Executive and the principal officials are appointed by the State Council of the People's Republic of China. The Government Secretariat is headed by the Chief Secretary of Hong Kong, who is the most senior principal official of the Government. The Chief Secretary and the other secretaries jointly oversee the administration of Hong Kong, give advice to the Chief Executive as members of the Executive Council, and are accountable for their actions and policies to the Chief Executive and the Legislative Council.
The Chief Executive of the Macao Special Administrative Region is the head of government of Macau, a special administrative region of China. The position replaced the office of Governor of Macau, the former head of Macau as an overseas province of Portugal. Under the Basic Law of Macau, the chief executive's role is to:
...be the head of the Macau Special Administrative Region and shall represent the Region. The Chief Executive of the Macau Special Administrative Region shall be accountable to the Central People's Government and the Macau Special Administrative Region in accordance with the provisions of this Law.
The Monetary Authority of Macao is the currency board and the de facto central bank of Macau. The regulatory institution was established on December 20, 1999, upon the transfer of sovereignty over Macau from Portugal to the People's Republic of China as the Macau Special Administrative Region.
The Commission Against Corruption is the statutory independent anti-corruption body of Macau with the primary objective of combating corruption, bribery, and other illicit activities in both the public and private sectors. Established in 1999 under the Article 59 of the Macau Basic Law, the CCAC is headed by the Commissioner, who reports directly to the Chief Executive of Macau.
Principal officials, according to the Basic Law, are government officials who are nominated by the Chief Executive and appointed by the State Council of the People's Republic of China. They include departmental secretaries and secretaries of policy bureaux. Five other officials are also principal officials because of the importance of their positions.
Under the Basic Law, Macau's diplomatic relations and defence are the responsibility of the central government of China. Except diplomatic relations and defence, nonetheless, Macau has retained considerable autonomy in all aspects, including economic and commercial relations, customs control.
The Macau Light Rapid Transit is a mass transit system in Macau and is also the first railway system in Macau. The first phase of the project started construction in February 2012, and the first section of the Taipa line was opened to the public on 10 December 2019, followed by the Barra Station Extend Line on 8 December 2023. MLRT is operated by MTR (Macau), a wholly-owned subsidiary of MTR.
The handover of Macau from the Portuguese Republic to the People's Republic of China was at midnight on 20 December 1999. This event ended 442 years of Portuguese rule in the former settlement, which began in 1557.
There are 122 diplomatic missions in Hong Kong, of which 61 are consulates-general and 61 are consulates and six officially recognised bodies in Hong Kong. As Hong Kong has the status of a Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, some consuls-general in Hong Kong report directly to their respective foreign ministries, rather than to their Embassies in Beijing.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Macau:
The Macau national security law is a law in Macau which prohibits and punishes acts of "treason, secession, and subversion" against the Central government, as well as "preparatory acts" leading to any of the three acts. Taken into effect on 3 March 2009, the purpose of the law is to fulfil Article 23 of the Macau Basic Law, the de facto constitution of the Macau Special Administration Region. Macau National Security Law has been in force for eleven years. Pro-Beijing state-owned Hong Kong Newspaper Wen Wei Po claimed that Macau's National Security Law "has not been used".
The Hong Kong and Macau Work Office, concurrently known as the Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office of the State Council (HMO), is an administrative office of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party responsible for promoting cooperation and coordination of political, economic, and cultural ties between mainland China and the Chinese Special Administrative Regions of Hong Kong and Macau. It was formed in 2023 on the basis of then State Council's HKMAO. Its head office is in Xicheng District, Beijing.
The Civil Aviation Authority is the civil aviation authority in the special administrative region of Macau, China and is responsible for controlling and regulating air its traffic and airspace.
The Liaison Office of the Central People's Government in the Macao Special Administrative Region is the representative office of the State Council of the People's Republic of China in Macau.
André Cheong Weng Chon is the Secretary for Administration and Justice, the second most senior government official in Macau.