Miangul Jahanzeb Khan | |
---|---|
CIE OMRI HPk HQA | |
2nd Wali of Swat | |
Reign | 12 December 1949 – 28 July 1969 |
Predecessor | Wadud of Swat |
Successor | Miangul Aurangzeb (titular) |
Born | Saidu Sharif, Yousafzai State of Swat, British India | 5 June 1908
Died | 14 September 1987 79) Saidu Sharif, NWFP, now Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan | (aged
Issue | 4 sons and a daughter |
House | Miangul Dynasty |
Father | Wadud of Swat |
Religion | Islam |
Miangul Jahan Zeb HPk, HQA, CIE [ citation needed ] (Urdu : مياں گل جہان زيب) (5 June 1908 – 14 September 1987), also known as Miangul Abdul-Haq Jahan Zeb, was the Wāli of Swat from 1949 to 1969, a princely state that is now part of Pakistan. He succeeded his father, Wadud of Swat. He is remembered for building schools, hospitals, and roads, but also for his absolute rule over the region, which ended in 1969. When Pakistan came into being, Wadud of Swat declared the accession of Swat State to Pakistan on 23 November 1947. Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the Governor-General of Pakistan, accepted the Instrument of Accession on 24 November 1947. Wadud of Swat announced his resignation in favor of his son Jehanzeb. [1] Jahanzeb also worked to protect the landmarks of previous cultures. [2]
Jahan Zeb, born in Saidu Sharif on 5 June 1908 to a Gujjar family, was the eldest son of Miangul Abdul Wadud also known as Wadud of Swat. He was educated at the Islamia Collegiate School in Peshawar and at Islamia College, part of the University of Peshawar. [1] He had four sons and one daughter. Miangul Aurang Zeb, Wāli Ahad of Swat, a former governor of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and governor of Balochistan; Miangul Shahzada Alam Zeb, father of Miangul Akbar Zeb, the Pakistani high commissioner to Canada; Miangul Shahzada Amir Zeb, a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan in 1977, who also ruled Swat in the absence of his father; [3] and Miangul Shahzada Ahmed Zeb.
Jahan Zeb was appointed Wāli Ahad in 1933. His father, the Wāli of Swat, eventually abdicated in favour of him, the eldest son, whom he had carefully educated along modern lines and gradually trained to assume the full burdens of government. Jahan Zeb was enthroned as Wāli of Swat on 12 December 1949. [4] In 1951, he was granted the title of Ghazi-e-Millat and a hereditary salute.
The role of the Wāli was that of a king and religious leader, chief minister and commander-in-chief, chief exchequer, and head qazi. [4] He ensured that his government provided good administration and productive revenue collection; a judicial system that dispensed quick and free justice; a system of qala (forts) that lent security and protection to the people; and jobs, welfare, education, and health services. Rapid communication through roads, bridges, and telegraph and penal codes provided rule of law, and telephones and informers kept the Wāli apprised of developments. This was a unique system of administration. [5]
Jahan Zeb surpassed other contemporary rulers in the field of education. Before his era, Swat did not have a modern education system. His father laid the foundations of the system, which Jahan Zeb rapidly developed. He founded a girls' high school in Saidu Sharif, the first female educational institution in Swat. [4] Jahanzeb College for Men has the importance of Aligarh College in the entire Malakand division. He also established a missionary school for girls at Sangota. [6]
The Wali was keen to preserve the history of his principality and investigate its archaeology. In 1955 he invited the Italian Archaeological Mission in Swat to the valley under the leadership of the noted scholar Giuseppe Tucci. [7] [8] In 1958 he sponsored the building of the Swat Museum, which contains exceptionally fine examples of Gandharan art and artifacts. [9]
Jahan Zeb died on 14 September 1987 in Saidu Sharif. [12] His funeral was attended by Prime Minister Muhammad Khan Junejo of Pakistan and other high officials. He was buried in his ancestral graveyard in Saidu Sharif.
Swat District, also known as the Swat Valley, is a district in the Malakand Division of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Known for its stunning natural beauty, the district is a popular tourist destination. With a population of 2,687,384 per the 2023 national census, Swat is the 15th-largest district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
State of Swat was a state established in 1849 by the Muslim saint Saidu Baba, also known as Akhund of Swat, and was ruled by Walis of Swat. It was recognized as a princely state in alliance with the British Raj between 1918 and 1947, after which the Akhwand acceded to the newly independent state of Pakistan. Swat continued to exist as an autonomous region until it was dissolved in 1969, and incorporated into Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. The area it covered is now divided among the present-day districts of Swat, Buner and Shangla.
Miangul Aurangzeb was the last Wali Ahad of the former Swat State, the son of the last Wali of Swat, Miangul Jahan Zeb, and the son-in-law of the former president of Pakistan, Muhammad Ayub Khan. He served in the National Assembly of Pakistan and as governor of Balochistan and subsequently as governor of the Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa.
Saidū Sharīf is the capital of the Swat district, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The city also serves as the capital of the Malakand Division. It was named after Saidu Baba, a prominent leader of the former state of Swat.
Marghuzar, or Marghazar is a hill station located in the Swat District of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan, and is 13 kilometers away from Saidu Sharif. Marghuzar, translated as "green land", contains green valleys, cold springs, and mountains, including the Elum Ghar mountain. In 1940, the then Wali of Swat, Miangul Abdul Wadud, decided to build a summer residence there for himself which became the summer capital of Swat. The palace was named Sufed Mahal, translated as The White Palace. The palace has since been converted into a hotel. Marghuzar has a 200-year-old colossal chinar tree, which serves as a canopy for visitors. There is also a middle school and one primary school for boys and girls each, but there aren't any hospitals or clinics.
The Wāli of Swat was the official title of the leader (wāli) of the Miangul dynasty that ruled over the state of Swat between 1857 and 1969.
Miangul Adnan Aurangzeb was a Pakistani engineer, and he was a member of Parliament MNA.
Mian Gul Akbar Zeb is a former Pakistani diplomat and a member of the former royal family of Swat. He is the grandson of Miangul Jahan Zeb, and son-in-law of the former Governor of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Miangul Aurangzeb. He has been in the Foreign Service of Pakistan since 1979 and has accomplished various assignments abroad and at home.
Miangul Asfandyar Amir Zeb was a Pakistani politician and a member of the royal family of the former Princely State of Swat, who was killed in an assassination attack by the Taliban during the 2007 skirmishes in Swat. His assassination was the first high-profile killing by the Taliban militants of Swat, occurring just a day after the killing of Benazir Bhutto.
The White Palace of Marghazar was built in 1940 by the first king of Swat, Miangul Abdul Wadud in the small town of Marghazar situated at about 13 kilometers away from Saidu Sharif. The name was given to the palace as it was built of white marble. The name has been changed 3 times first it was named Swati Palace and then Motti Palace and then White Palace. The palace now serves as a hotel. The White Palace at Marghazar was the summer residence of the Wali of Swat, Miangul Jehanzeb. Located at 7,136 feet above sea level on Marghazar Hill, it was later converted into a tourist resort.
Miangul Abdul Wadud was the Wāli of Swat from 1926 until his abdication in 1949. A grandson of the Akhund of Swat, he was elected as ruler of Swat by a loya jirga in November 1918 and was formally recognized as Wāli of Swat on 3 May 1926 by the British authorities. He ruled from 1918 to 1949, when he abdicated in favour of his eldest son, Miangul Jahan Zeb.
Wali Ahmad, known as Sandakai (Mulla), was a religious cleric, and reformer who was influential during the formation of Swat State.
Zebunisa Jilani, also known as Zebu Jilani, is a Pakistani American social entrepreneur, nutritionist and the founder, Chair and President of the foundation the Swat Relief Initiative (SRI). She is a social philanthropist and change maker who works as a volunteer for her organization, which improves the lives of women and children. Based in the United States, Jilani is committed to working for underprivileged women and children in Swat. Swat Relief Initiative also seeks to empower and develop communities through social mobilization and awareness programs to help them achieve a better quality of life.
Manglawar is an administrative unit, known as Union council of Tehsil Babuzai, of Swat District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan and former capital of Kingdom of Swat. It is located at 34°48'30.7"N 72°25'50.0"E with an average altitude of 987 meters.
Government Post Graduate Jahanzeb College is one of the pioneer institutes of higher education in the Swat Valley, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. It was founded by the ex-ruler of the Swat State in order to provide education to the population of the region. It is located within the Malakand division.
Muhammad Parvesh Shaheen is a Pakistani historian and author from Manglawar, Swat. Shaheen is the author of more than 45 books in Pashto, Urdu and English. He has a library of over 30,000 preserved texts.
Miangul Abdul Haq Jahanzeb Kidney Hospital (MJKH), formerly known as Nawaz Sharif Kidney Teaching Hospital, is situated in Manglawar, Swat. It is now named after Jahan Zeb of Swat, the second Wāli of Swat. It is a 110-bed hospital and was a Project of Punjab Hospitals Trust. It is spread over 32 Kanal (unit) at a cost of Rs. 800 million (US$2.8 million). According to officials, the hospital has 40-bed urology and 40-bed nephrology units that provide all sorts of services including free surgeries at three state-of-the-art operation theatres for renal diseases. They added that on average, 90 dialysis treatments were conducted at the facility which had also ICU and HDU to cope with seriously ill patients.
Swat Museum is a museum located in Mingora, on the road connecting Mingora and Saidu Sharif in the Swat District of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.
Miangul Hassan Aurangzeb is a Pakistani barrister and judge who is currently one of those serving as a justice before the Islamabad High Court. Miangul Hasan Aurangzeb is the son of Miangul Aurangzeb and his wife Nasim. Nasim was the daughter of Pakistani Field Marshall Ayub Khan