Order of Merit of the Italian Republic

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Order of Merit of the
Italian Republic
Ordine al Merito della
Repubblica Italiana
Stemma OMRI.png
Emblem of the order
Awarded by the Italian Republic
Type Order of merit
Established3 March 1951;73 years ago (1951-03-03)
CountryItaly
EligibilityCivilian and military divisions
CriteriaMeritorious service or achievement
StatusCurrently constituted
Founder Luigi Einaudi
Grand Master President of the Republic
Grades
  • Knight Grand Cross with Collar
  • Knight Grand Cross
  • Grand Officer
  • Commander
  • Officer
  • Knight
Post-nominalsOMRI
Website www.quirinale.it/page/omri OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
Precedence
Next (higher)None
Next (lower) Military Order of Italy
Cavaliere OMRI BAR.svg
Ribbon of the order

Commander's badge with a ribbon bow Ordine al merito della Repubblica Italiana.PNG
Commander's badge with a ribbon bow

The Order of Merit of the Italian Republic (Italian : Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana) is the most senior Italian order of merit. It was established in 1951 by the second President of the Italian Republic, Luigi Einaudi. [1]

Contents

The highest-ranking honour of the Republic, it is awarded for "merit acquired by the nation" in the fields of literature, the arts, economy, public service, and social, philanthropic and humanitarian activities and for long and conspicuous service in civilian and military careers. The post-nominal letters for the order are OMRI. [2]

The order effectively replaced national orders such as the Civil Order of Savoy (1831), the Order of the Crown of Italy (1868), the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus (1572) and the Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation (1362). [note 1]

Grades

Investiture takes place twice a year – on 2 June, the anniversary of the foundation of the Republic, and on 27 December, the anniversary of the promulgation of the Italian Constitution. However, those awards on Presidential motu proprio , related to termination of service or granted to foreigners, may be made at any time.

The badge, modified in 2001, bears the inscription Al Merito della Repubblica encircling the national coat of arms on the obverse and the Latin Patriæ Unitati (for the union of the country) and Civium Libertati (for the liberty of the citizens) encircling the head of Italia turrita on the reverse. [4] The six degrees with corresponding ribbons are as follows (with numbers to 2 June 2020):

Ribbon
(1951–2001)
Ribbon
(since 2001)
Class (English)Full title in ItalianAwards
Cordone di gran Croce di Gran Cordone OMRI BAR.svg ITA OMRI 2001 GC-GCord BAR.svg Knight Grand Cross with CollarCavaliere di Gran Croce Decorato di Gran Cordone Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana201
Cordone di gran Croce OMRI BAR.svg ITA OMRI 2001 GC BAR.svg 1st Class / Knight Grand CrossCavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana9,178
Grande ufficiale OMRI BAR.svg ITA OMRI 2001 GUff BAR.svg 2nd Class / Grand OfficerGrande Ufficiale Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana24,830
Commendatore OMRI BAR.svg ITA OMRI 2001 Com BAR.svg 3rd Class / CommanderCommendatore Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana48,184
Ufficiale OMRI BAR.svg ITA OMRI 2001 Uff BAR.svg 4th Class / OfficerUfficiale Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana33,442
Cavaliere OMRI BAR.svg ITA OMRI 2001 Cav BAR.svg 5th Class / KnightCavaliere Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana146,390

The order is bestowed by decree of the President of the Italian Republic, as head of the orders of knighthood, on the recommendation of the President of the Council of Ministers. Except in exceptional circumstances, no one can be awarded for the first time a rank higher than Knight. The minimum age requirement is normally 35.

The Knight Grand Cross with Collar is awarded only to heads of state.

Recipients

Grand Cross with Collar

DateRecipient
28 December 1952Flag of Greece.svg  Greece – King Paul I (1947–1964)
11 March 1953Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil – President Getúlio Vargas (1930–1945; 1951–1954)
30 May 1953Flag of Monaco.svg  Monaco – Prince Rainier III (1949–2005)
16 July 1953Flag of Lebanon.svg  Lebanon – President Camille Chamoun (1952–1958)
6 October 1953Flag of Venezuela (1930-1954).svg Venezuela – President Marcos Pérez Jiménez (1953–1958)
16 November 1953Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina – President Juan Domingo Perón (1946–1955; 1973–1974)
31 December 1953Flag of Germany.svg  Germany – President Theodor Heuss (1949–1959)
13 February 1954Flag of Haiti.svg  Haiti – President Paul Magloire (1950–1956)
31 July 1954Flag of the Dominican Republic.svg  Dominican Republic – President Rafael Trujillo (1930–1938; 1942–1952)
6 September 1954Flag of Chile.svg  Chile – President Carlos Ibanez del Campo (1927–1931; 1952–1958)
17 November 1954Flag of the Order of St. John (various).svg Sovereign Order of Malta – Lieutenant Grand Master Fra' Antonio Hercolani Fava Simonetti (1951–1955)
6 December 1954Flag of France.svg  France – President René Coty (1954–1959)
12 February 1955Flag of El Salvador.svg  El Salvador – President Óscar Osorio (1950–1956)
DateRecipient
11 May 1955Flag of Italy.svg  Italy – Former President Luigi Einaudi (1948–1955)
21 October 1955Flag of Ethiopia.svg  Ethiopia – Emperor Haile Selassie (1930–1974)
16 January 1956Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil – President Juscelino Kubitschek (1956–1961)
5 June 1956Flag of Italy.svg  Italy – Former President Enrico De Nicola (1946–1948)
20 September 1956Flag of Liberia.svg  Liberia – President William Tubman (1944–1971)
15 November 1956Flag of Peru.svg  Peru – President Manuel Prado Ugarteche (1939–1945; 1956–1962)
18 January 1957Flag of Costa Rica.svg  Costa Rica – President José Figueres Ferrer (1948–1949; 1953–1958; 1970–1974)
6 March 1957 Flag of the Order of St. John (various).svg Sovereign Order of Malta – Lieutenant Grand Master Fra' Ernesto Paternò Castello di Carcaci (1955–1962)
11 March 1957Flag of Ireland.svg  Ireland — President Seán T. O'Kelly (1945–1959)
13 May 1957Flag of Turkey.svg  Turkey – President Celal Bayar (1950–1960)
11 June 1957Flag of Panama.svg  Panama – President Ernesto de la Guardia (1956–1960)
26 August 1957State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg  Iran – Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi (1941–1979)
1 October 1957Flag of El Salvador.svg  El Salvador – President José María Lemus (1956–1960)
9 May 1958Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom – Queen Elizabeth II (1952–2022)
16 June 1959Flag of France.svg  France – President Charles De Gaulle (1959–1969)
11 June 1960Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina – President Arturo Frondizi (1958–1962)
8 September 1960Flag of Finland.svg  Finland – President Urho Kaleva Kekkonen (1956–1982)
22 September 1960Flag of Thailand.svg  Thailand – King Bhumibol Adulyadej (1946–2016)
29 November 1960Flag of Uruguay.svg  Uruguay – President Benito Nardone (1960–1961)
6 April 1961Flag of Uruguay.svg  Uruguay – President Eduardo Víctor Haedo (1961–1962)
DateRecipient
25 May 1962Flag of Tunisia.svg  Tunisia – President Habib Bourguiba (1957–1987)
2 October 1962Flag of Senegal.svg  Senegal – President Léopold Sédar Senghor (1960–1980)
8 October 1962 Flag of the Order of St. John (various).svg Sovereign Order of Malta – Prince and Grand Master Fra' Angelo de Mojana di Cologna (1962–1988)
27 November 1962Flag of Greece.svg  Greece – Prince Constantine
25 September 1963Flag of Ghana.svg  Ghana – President Kwame Nkrumah (1960–1966)
2 October 1963Flag of Somalia.svg  Somalia – President Aden Adde (1960–1967)
20 April 1964Flag of Denmark.svg  Denmark – King Frederik IX (1947–1972)
18 June 1964Flag of Uruguay.svg  Uruguay – President Luis Giannattasio (1964–1965)
DateRecipient
16 June 1965Flag of Peru.svg  Peru – President Fernando Belaúnde Terry (1963–1968; 1980–1985)
20 June 1965Flag of Mexico.svg  Mexico – President Gustavo Díaz Ordaz (1964–1970)
21 June 1965Flag of Norway.svg  Norway – King Olav V (1957–1991)
2 July 1965Flag of Chile.svg  Chile – President Eduardo Frei Montalva (1964–1970)
8 August 1965Flag of Germany.svg  Germany – President Heinrich Lübke (1959–1969)
8 September 1965Flag of Venezuela (1930-1954).svg – President Raúl Leoni (1964–1969)
Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina – President Arturo Umberto Illia (1963–1966)
Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil – President Humberto de Alencar Castelo Branco (1964–1967)
21 October 1965Flag of Poland (1928-1980).svg  Poland – Chairman of the Council of State Edward Ochab (1964–1968)
11 June 1966Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium – King Baudouin (1951–1993)
14 June 1966Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden – King Gustaf VI Adolf (1950–1973)
28 November 1966Flag of El Salvador.svg  El Salvador – President Julio Adalberto Rivera Carballo (1962–1967)
8 August 1969Flag of Cote d'Ivoire.svg  Ivory Coast – President Félix Houphouët-Boigny (1960–1993)
2 October 1969Flag of Yugoslavia (1946-1992).svg  Yugoslavia – President Josip Broz Tito (1953–1980)
DateRecipient
30 December 1971Flag of Austria.svg  Austria – President Franz Jonas (1965–1974)
23 November 1972Flag of Indonesia.svg  Indonesia – President Suharto (1968–1998)
21 March 1973Flag of Germany.svg  Germany – President Gustav Heinemann (1969–1974)
8 May 1973Flag of Zaire (1971-1997).svg  Zaire – President Mobutu Sese Seko (1965–1997)
21 May 1973Flag of Romania.svg  Romania – President of the State Council Nicolae Ceaușescu (1967–1989)
8 June 1973Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg  Saudi Arabia – King Faisal (1964–1975)
1 October 1973Flag of France.svg  France – President Georges Pompidou (1969–1974)
23 October 1973Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands – Queen Juliana (1948–1980)
Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands – Prince Bernhard (1948–1980)
26 October 1973Flag of Luxembourg.svg  Luxembourg – Grand Duke Jean (1964–2000)
21 November 1973Flag of Gabon.svg  Gabon – President Omar Bongo (1967–2009)
8 February 1974Flag of Mexico.svg  Mexico – President Luis Echeverría (1970–1976)
22 April 1974Flag of Oman.svg  Oman – Sultan Qaboos bin Said al Said (1970–2020)
15 December 1974State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg  Iran – Prince Reza Pahlavi
State flag of Iran (1964-1980).svg  Iran – Shahbanu Farah Pahlavi (1961–1979)
6 April 1976Flag of Egypt (1972-1984).svg – President Anwar Sadat (1970–1981)
17 November 1976Flag of Venezuela (1930-1954).svg – President Carlos Andrés Pérez (1974–1979; 1989–1993)
8 November 1977Flag of Denmark.svg  Denmark – Queen Margrethe II (1972–2024)
29 April 1978Flag of Turkey.svg  Turkey – President Fahri Koruturk (1973–1980)
DateRecipient
18 September 1979Flag of Germany.svg  Germany – President Karl Carstens (1979–1984)
14 May 1980Flag of Portugal.svg  Portugal – President António Ramalho Eanes (1976–1986)
26 May 1980Flag of Spain (1977-1981).svg – King Juan Carlos I (1975–2014)
18 November 1980Flag of Greece.svg  Greece – President Konstantinos Karamanlis (1980–1985; 1990–1995)
17 December 1980Flag of Yugoslavia (1946-1992).svg  Yugoslavia – President Cvijetin Mijatović (1980–1981)
30 March 1981Flag of Mexico.svg  Mexico – President José López Portillo (1976–1982)
Flag of Costa Rica.svg  Costa Rica – President Rodrigo Carazo Odio (1978–1982)
1 April 1981Flag of Colombia.svg  Colombia – President Julio César Turbay Ayala (1978–1982)
14 October 1981Flag of Mozambique.svg  Mozambique – President Samora Machel (1975–1986)
30 January 1982Flag of Egypt.svg – President Hosni Moubarak (1981–2011)
9 March 1982Flag of Japan.svg  Japan – Emperor Hirohito (1926–1989)
5 July 1982Flag of France.svg  France – President François Mitterrand (1981–1995)
26 November 1983Flag of Jordan.svg  Jordan – King Hussein (1952–1999)
20 June 1984Flag of Costa Rica.svg  Costa Rica – President Luis Alberto Monge (1982–1986)
11 March 1985Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina – President Raúl Alfonsín (1983–1989)
27 March 1985Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands – Queen Beatrix (1980–2013)
Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands – Prince Claus (1980–2002)
DateRecipient
24 April 1986Flag of Germany.svg  Germany – President Richard von Weizsäcker (1984–1994)
25 July 1986Flag of Ireland.svg  Ireland – President Patrick John Hillery (1976–1990)
5 October 1987Flag of Iceland.svg  Iceland – President Vigdís Finnbogadóttir (1980–1996)
6 June 1988Flag of Venezuela (1930-1954).svg Venezuela – President Jaime Lusinchi (1984–1989)
16 June 1988Flag of the Philippines.svg  Philippines – President Corazon Aquino (1986–1992)
5 April 1989Flag of Portugal.svg  Portugal – President Mario Soares (1986–1996)
12 May 1989Flag of Poland.svg  Poland – President Wojciech Jaruzelski (1989–1990)
22 May 1990Flag of the Order of St. John (various).svg Sovereign Order of Malta – Prince and Grand Master Fra' Andrew Bertie (1988–1998)
11 June 1990Flag of San Marino.svg  San Marino – Captain Regent Ottaviano Rossi (1990)
Flag of San Marino.svg  San Marino – Captain Regent Aldemiro Bartolini (1990)
8 April 1991Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden – King Carl XVI Gustav (1973–incumbent)
17 April 1991Flag of Chile.svg  Chile – President Patricio Aylwin (1990–1994)
15 July 1991Flag of Hungary.svg  Hungary – President Árpád Göncz (1990–2000)
18 September 1991Flag of Malta.svg  Malta – President Censu Tabone (1989–1994)
19 December 1991Flag of Russia.svg  Russia – President Boris Yeltsin (1991–1999)
28 April 1992Flag of Italy.svg  Italy – President Francesco Cossiga (1985–1992) self-awarded
DateRecipient
5 October 1992Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina – President Carlos Menem (1989–1999)
27 January 1993Flag of Austria.svg  Austria – President Thomas Klestil (1992–2004)
14 September 1993Flag of Finland.svg  Finland – President Mauno Koivisto (1982–1994)
3 May 1995Flag of Ukraine.svg  Ukraine – President Leonid Kuchma (1994–2005)
24 June 1995Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil – President Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1995–2002)
29 June 1995Flag of Venezuela (1930-1954).svg – President Rafael Caldera (1994–1999)
19 July 1995Flag of Chile.svg  Chile – President Eduardo Frei Ruiz-Tagle (1994–2000)
21 July 1995Flag of Uruguay.svg  Uruguay – President Julio María Sanguinetti (1985–1990; 1995–2000)
16 November 1995Flag of Malta.svg  Malta – President Ugo Mifsud Bonnici (1994–1999)
26 March 1996Flag of Mexico.svg  Mexico – President Ernesto Zedillo (1994–2000)
23 April 1996Flag of Albania.svg  Albania – President Sali Berisha (1992–1997)
28 May 1996Flag of Poland.svg  Poland – President Aleksander Kwaśniewski (1995–2005)
7 October 1996Flag of Turkey.svg  Turkey – President Süleyman Demirel (1993–2000)
28 January 1997Flag of Finland.svg  Finland – President Martti Ahtisaari (1994–2000)
20 April 1997Flag of Germany.svg  Germany – President Roman Herzog (1994–1999)
2 May 1997Flag of Uzbekistan.svg  Uzbekistan – President Islam Karimov (1991–2016)
4 May 1997Flag of Kazakhstan.svg  Kazakhstan – President Nursultan Nazarbayev (1990–2019)
20 May 1997Flag of Lithuania.svg  Lithuania – President Algirdas Brazauskas (1992–1998)
21 May 1997Flag of Latvia.svg  Latvia – President Guntis Ulmanis (1993–1999)
22 May 1997Flag of Estonia.svg  Estonia – President Lennart Meri (1992–2001)
19 July 1997Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg  Saudi Arabia – King Fahd (1982–2005)
5 November 1997Flag of Lebanon.svg  Lebanon – President Elias Hrawi (1989–1998)
13 November 1997Flag of Slovakia.svg  Slovakia – President Michal Kovac (1993–1998)
3 March 1998Flag of San Marino.svg  San Marino – Captain Regent Marino Zanotti (1998)
Flag of San Marino.svg  San Marino – Captain Regent Luigi Mazza (1998)
12 April 1998Flag of Japan.svg  Japan – Emperor Akihito (1989–2019)
12 May 1998Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium – King Albert II (1993–2013)
19 January 1999Flag of the Dominican Republic.svg  Dominican Republic – President Leonel Fernández (1996–2000; 2008–2012)
19 February 1999Flag of Palestine.svg  Palestine – President Yasser Arafat (1994–2004)
23 February 1999Flag of Lithuania.svg  Lithuania – President Valdas Adamkus (1998–2003; 2004–2009)
DateRecipient
21 October 1999Flag of France.svg  France – President Jacques Chirac (1995–2007)
15 November 1999Flag of Algeria.svg  Algeria – President Abdelaziz Bouteflika (1999–2019)
2 March 2000Flag of South Korea.svg  South Korea – President Kim Dae-Jung (1998–2003)
3 March 2000Flag of Chile.svg  Chile – President Ricardo Lagos (2000–2006)
11 April 2000Flag of Morocco.svg  Morocco – King Mohammed VI (1999–incumbent)
26 April 2000Flag of Qatar.svg  Qatar – Emir Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani (1995–2013)
23 January 2001Flag of Greece.svg  Greece – President Konstantinos Stephanopoulos (1995–2005)
9 February 2001Flag of Jordan.svg  Jordan – King Abdullah II (1999–incumbent)
7 March 2001Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina – President Fernando de la Rúa (1999–2001)
Flag of Uruguay.svg  Uruguay – President Jorge Batlle (2000–2005)
19 October 2001Flag of Norway.svg  Norway – King Harald V (1991–incumbent)
27 November 2001Flag of Portugal.svg  Portugal – President Jorge Sampaio (1996–2006)
14 January 2002Flag of Yugoslavia (1992-2003); Flag of Serbia and Montenegro (2003-2006).svg  Serbia and Montenegro – President Vojislav Koštunica (2000–2003)
6 March 2002Flag of South Africa.svg  South Africa – President Thabo Mbeki (1999–2008)
11 March 2002Flag of San Marino.svg  San Marino – Captain Regent Gino Giovagnoli (2002)
Flag of San Marino.svg  San Marino – Captain Regent Alberto Cecchetti (2002)
22 March 2002Flag of Germany.svg  Germany – President Johannes Rau (1999–2004)
27 March 2002Flag of the Czech Republic.svg  Czech Republic – President Vaclav Havel (1993–2003)
17 June 2002Flag of Hungary.svg  Hungary – President Ferenc Mádl (2000–2005)
28 June 2002Flag of Slovakia.svg  Slovakia – President Rudolf Schuster (1999–2004)
4 December 2002Flag of Peru.svg  Peru – President Alejandro Toledo (2001–2006)
14 March 2003Flag of Luxembourg.svg  Luxembourg – Grand Duke Henri (2000–incumbent)
9 June 2003Flag of Malaysia.svg  Malaysia – King Sirajuddin of Perlis (2001–2006)
16 January 2004Flag of Malta.svg  Malta – President Guido de Marco (1999–2004)
8 April 2004Flag of Latvia.svg  Latvia – President Vaira Vīķe-Freiberga (1999–2007)
Flag of Estonia.svg  Estonia – President Arnold Rüütel (2001–2006)
5 April 2005Flag of Bulgaria.svg  Bulgaria – President Georgi Parvanov (2002–2012)
11 May 2005Flag of Malta.svg  Malta – President Edward Fenech Adami (2004–2009)
12 December 2005Flag of Monaco.svg  Monaco – Prince Albert II (2005–incumbent)
18 January 2006Flag of Greece.svg  Greece – President Karolos Papoulias (2005–2015)
15 March 2006Flag of Germany.svg  Germany – President Horst Köhler (2004–2010)
DateRecipient
11 October 2006Flag of Ghana.svg  Ghana – President John Agyekum Kufour (2001–2009) [6]
20 February 2007Flag of Slovakia.svg  Slovakia – President Ivan Gašparovič (2004–2014) [7]
8 June 2007Flag of Austria.svg  Austria – President Heinz Fischer (2004–2016) [8]
9 October 2007Flag of Chile.svg  Chile – President Michelle Bachelet (2006–2010; 2014–2018) [9]
30 October 2007Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg  Saudi Arabia – King Abdullah bin Abdul-Aziz al Saud (2005–2015) [10]
1 September 2008Flag of Finland.svg  Finland – President Tarja Halonen (2000–2012) [11]
14 October 2008Flag of Lebanon.svg  Lebanon – President Michel Suleiman (2008–2014) [12]
27 October 2008 Flag of the Order of St. John (various).svg Sovereign Order of Malta – Prince and Grand Master Fra' Matthew Festing (2008–2017) [13]
2 September 2009Flag of South Korea.svg  South Korea – President Lee Myung-bak (2008–2013) [14]
30 October 2009Flag of Turkey.svg  Turkey – President Abdullah Gül (2007–2014) [15]
11 March 2010Flag of Syria.svg  SyriaPresident Bashar Al-Assad (2000–incumbent) [16]
Revoked by the President of the Republic on 28 September 2012 for "indignity" [17]
25 April 2010Flag of Malta.svg  Malta – President George Abela (2009–2014) [18]
26 April 2010Flag of Kuwait.svg  Kuwait – Emir Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah (2006–2020) [19]
11 January 2011Flag of Slovenia.svg  Slovenia – President Danilo Türk (2007–2012) [20]
6 July 2011Flag of Croatia.svg  Croatia – President Ivo Josipović (2010–2015) [21]
7 September 2011Flag of Romania.svg  Romania – President Traian Băsescu (2004–2014) [22]
10 June 2012Flag of Poland.svg  Poland – President Bronisław Komorowski (2010–2015) [23]
15 November 2012Flag of France.svg  France – President François Hollande (2012–2017) [24]
20 February 2013Flag of Germany.svg  Germany – President Joachim Gauck (2012–2017) [25]
4 March 2014Flag of Albania.svg  Albania – President Bujar Nishani (2012–2017) [26]
5 May 2014Flag of Slovenia.svg  Slovenia – President Borut Pahor (2012–2022) [27]
4 June 2014Flag of San Marino.svg  San Marino – Captain Regent Luca Beccari (2014)
Flag of San Marino.svg  San Marino – Captain Regent Valeria Ciavatta (2014) [28] [29]
DateRecipient
23 November 2015Flag of Greece.svg  Greece – President Prokopis Pavlopoulos (2015–2020) [30]
11 March 2016Flag of Cameroon.svg  Cameroon – President Paul Biya (1982–incumbent) [31]
30 May 2016Flag of Romania.svg  Romania – President Klaus Iohannis (2014–incumbent) [32]
21 June 2016Flag of Mexico.svg  Mexico – President Enrique Peña Nieto (2012–2018) [33]
4 August 2016Flag of Bulgaria.svg  Bulgaria – President Rosen Plevneliev (2012–2017) [34]
23 January 2017Flag of Tunisia.svg  Tunisia – President Beji Caid Essebsi (2014–2019) [35]
2 May 2017Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina – President Mauricio Macri (2015–2019) [36]
19 June 2017Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands – King Willem-Alexander (2013–incumbent) [37]
7 September 2017Flag of Malta.svg  Malta – President Marie Louise Coleiro Preca (2014–2019) [38]
18 September 2017Flag of Finland.svg  Finland – President Sauli Niinistö (2012–2024) [39]
29 November 2017Flag of Portugal.svg  Portugal – President Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa (2016–incumbent) [40]
5 June 2018Flag of Estonia.svg  Estonia – President Kersti Kaljulaid (2016–2021) [41]
22 June 2018Flag of Lithuania.svg  Lithuania – President Dalia Grybauskaitė (2009–2019) [42]
26 June 2018Flag of Latvia.svg  Latvia – President Raimonds Vējonis (2015–2019) [43]
12 July 2018Flag of Azerbaijan.svg  Azerbaijan – President Ilham Aliyev (2003–incumbent) [44]
25 July 2018Flag of Armenia.svg  Armenia – President Armen Sarkissian (2018–2022) [45]
27 June 2019Flag of Austria.svg  Austria – President Alexander Van der Bellen (2017–incumbent) [46]
17 September 2019Flag of Germany.svg  Germany – President Frank-Walter Steinmeier (2017–incumbent) [47]
6 October 2020Flag of Greece.svg  Greece – President Katerina Sakellaropoulou (2020–incumbent) [48]
16 June 2021Flag of San Marino.svg  San Marino – Captain Regent Marco Nicolini (2021)
Flag of San Marino.svg  San Marino – Captain Regent Gian Carlo Venturini (2021) [49] [50]
1 July 2021Flag of France.svg  France – President Emmanuel Macron (2017–incumbent) [51]
25 October 2021Flag of Spain.svg  Spain – King Felipe VI (2014–incumbent) [52]
Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium – King Philippe (2013–incumbent) [53]
3 November 2021Flag of Algeria.svg  Algeria – President Abdelmadjid Tebboune (2019–incumbent) [54]
1 June 2022Flag of Georgia.svg  Georgia – President Salome Zourabichvili (2018–incumbent) [55]
12 January 2023Flag of Paraguay.svg  Paraguay – President Mario Abdo Benítez (2018–2023) [56]
13 April 2023Flag of Poland.svg  Poland – President Andrzej Duda (2015–incumbent) [57]
19 May 2023Flag of Angola.svg  Angola – President João Lourenço (2017–incumbent) [58]
5 June 2023Flag of Iraq.svg  Iraq – President Abdul Latif Rashid (2022–incumbent) [59]
7 October 2023Flag of South Korea.svg  South Korea – President Yoon Suk Yeol (2022–incumbent) [60]
6 December 2023Flag of San Marino.svg  San Marino – Captain Regent Filippo Tamagnini (2023)
Flag of San Marino.svg  San Marino – Captain Regent Gaetano Troina (2023) [61]
26 February 2024Flag of Cyprus.svg  Cyprus – President Nikos Christodoulides (2023–incumbent) [62]

Wearer's guide

See also

Notes

  1. Today, these continue merely as dynastic orders of the former Royal House of Savoy. Whilst their bestowal is suppressed by law in Italy, the continued use of those decorations conferred prior to 1951 is permitted, exclusive of any right of precedence in official ceremonies. [3]

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  39. Italian Presidency website,Niinistö S.E. Sauli - Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  40. Italian Presidency website,S.E. Marcelo Nuno Duarte – Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
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  48. Italian Presidency website,Sakellaropoulou S.E. Katerina - Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  49. Italian Presidency website, Nicolini S.E. Marco - Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  50. Italian Presidency website, Venturini S.E. Gian Carlo - Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
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  52. Italian Presidency website, S.M. Felipe VI Re di Spagna - Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  53. Italian Presidency website, S.M. Filippo Re dei Belgi - Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  54. Italian Presidency website, Tebboune S.E. Abdelmadjid - Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  55. Italian Presidency website, Zourabichvili S.E. Salome - Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  56. Italian Presidency website, Benítez S.E. Mario Abdo - Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  57. Italian Presidency website, Duda S.E. Andrzej - Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  58. Italian Presidency website, Lourenço S.E. João - Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  59. Italian Presidency website, Rashid S.E. Abdul Latif - Decorato di Gran Cordone – Cavaliere di Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
  60. https://www.quirinale.it/elementi/102025#&gid=1&pid=11/
  61. https://www.quirinale.it/elementi/103615#&gid=1&pid=7/
  62. https://www.pio.gov.cy/en/gallery.html?galAlbum=5674#gallery-28/