The Nepalese Civil War was a protracted armed conflict that took place in the former Kingdom of Nepal from 1996 to 2006. It saw countrywide fighting between the Nepalese royal government and the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist), with the latter making significant use of guerrilla warfare. The conflict began on 13 February 1996, when the CPN (Maoist) initiated an insurgency with the stated purpose of overthrowing the Nepalese monarchy and establishing a people's republic; it ended with the signing of the Comprehensive Peace Accord on 21 November 2006.
The Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre) (Nepali: नेपाल कम्युनिस्ट पार्टी (माओवादी केन्द्र)), abbreviated CPN (Maoist Centre), CPN-Maoist Centre, CPN Maoist Centre, or CPN (MC), is the third largest political party in Nepal and a member party of Socialist Front. It was founded in 1994 after breaking away from the Communist Party of Nepal (Unity Centre). The party launched an armed struggle in 1996 against the Nepalese government. In 2006, the party formally joined mainstream politics after signing a peace agreement following the 2006 Nepalese revolution.
Rukum District was a "hill" and "mountain" district some 280 km (170 mi) west of Kathmandu partially belonging to Lumbini Province and partially to Karnali Province before split into two districts Western Rukum and Eastern Rukum after the state's reconstruction of administrative divisions in 2017. Rukum covers an area of 2,877 km2 (1,111 sq mi) with population of 207,290 in 2011 Nepal census. Musikot was the district's administrative center.
The administrative divisions of Nepal are subnational administrative units of Nepal. The first level of country subdivision of Nepal are the provinces. Each province is further subdivided into districts, each district into municipalities and rural municipalities, and each of those municipalities into wards. Before 2015, instead of provinces, Nepal was divided into developmental regions and administrative zones.
Rolpa is a municipality located in Rolpa District of Lumbini Province of Nepal. It is only municipality of Rolpa District. The municipality is surrounded by Sunchhahari and Swarnawati rural councils from the east, Tribeni & Madi rural councils from the West, Duikholi rural council from the North and Swarnawati & Runtigadhi from the South
The Digital Himalaya project was established in December 2000 by Mark Turin, Alan Macfarlane, Sara Shneiderman, and Sarah Harrison. The project's principal goal is to collect and preserve historical multimedia materials relating to the Himalaya, such as photographs, recordings, and journals, and make those resources available over the internet and offline, on external storage media. The project team have digitized older ethnographic collections and data sets that were deteriorating in their analogue formats, so as to protect them from deterioration and make them available and accessible to originating communities in the Himalayan region and a global community of scholars.
Sandhikharka Municipality is the headquarter of Arghakhanchi District which lies in Lumbini Province of Nepal. The former village development committee (VDC) was converted into a municipality on 18 May 2014 by merging the existing Sandhikharka, Wangla, Narapani, Khanchikot, Kimadada, Argha and Dibharna VDCs evdo. It is located, in a valley surrounded by hills, in the western part of the capital, Kathmandu.
Budhanilkantha is a city and municipality in Kathmandu district of Bagmati province of Nepal. It is the 3rd largest city in the Kathmandu Valley after Kathmandu and Lalitpur. As per 2021 Nepal census, the city population was 179,688 and 26,678 households.
Manpur Tapara is a town and marketplace in Rajapur Municipality in Bardiya District in the Bheri Zone of south-western Nepal. The former village development committee (VDC) was merged with Daulatpur, Naya Gaun, Badalpur, Bhimapur and Rajapur VDCs to form the new municipality on 18 May 2014. It is almost at the centre of river island called Bhawara Tappu of Karnali River.
The People's Liberation Army, Nepal was the armed wing of the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist). The PLA was founded in 2002, in the midst of the Nepal Civil War initiated by the Maoists in 1996. The chief commander of the PLA during the war was Prachanda. On 12 September 2008, Nanda Kishor Pun was appointed new chief commander of the PLA, as Prachanda had become Prime Minister of Nepal. This move was in line with a pledge issued by the CPN(M), issued prior to the 2008 Constituent Assembly election, that their members elected to the Assembly would leave their PLA positions.
Jaulipokhari is a village development committee in Rolpa District in the Rapti Zone of north-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3555 people living in 654 individual households.
Musikot is a municipality and the district headquarter of Western Rukum District in Karnali Province of Nepal that was established as Musikot Khalanga on 2 December 2014 by merging the two former Village development committees Musikot and Khalanga. From 2014 until 2018, Musikot was called Musikot Khalanga and until 2017 served as the district headquarter of Rukum District. It lies on the bank of Sani Bheri River. It borders with Eastern Rukum in the east, Sanibheri rural municipality in the west, Banfikot rural municipality in the north and Tribeni rural municipality and Rolpa district in the south.
Dekendra Raj Thapa was a Nepali journalist. He was killed by Maoist combatants during the Maoist insurgency in Nepal after getting kidnapped from his home in the Dailekh District of western Nepal. He was working for Radio Nepal, the National broadcasting service at the time.
Barsaman Pun, also known by his nom de guerre Ananta, is a Nepali communist politician and former Minister for Energy, Water Resources and Irrigation. He is also a member of the Standing Committee in Nepal Communist Party (NCP). He has previously served as Minister of Finance and Minister of Peace and Reconstruction. He was a leader of the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist-Centre) during the insurgency period and served as one of 4 deputy commanders of People's Liberation Army.
Women were a significant group who were involved in the Maoist movement during the Nepalese Civil War, which refers to a violent insurgency that took place from 1996 to 2006. The insurgency was led by the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) (Nepali: नेपाल कम्युनिष्ट पार्टी, or CPN with the aim of establishing a People's Republic and ending the rule of the Nepalese Monarchy. During this time, over 13,000 civilians and public officials were murdered, approximately 200,000 were displaced, and numerous others were tortured, extorted, and intimidated. Although the majority of Maoist insurgents were men, the Maoist Party claimed that up to 40 percent of their 19,000 combatants were women. This was regarded as an unprecedented move at the time, given that women were forbidden from fighting in the Nepalese Army until 2003.
Gaurishankar, a part of Bagmati Province, Nepal, is a rural municipality located in Dolakha District. With Suri as its current official headquarters, the rural municipality consists of nine wards covers an area of 681.39 km² and has a population of 17,062 in 2011.
Sundar Haraicha is a municipality in Morang District of Koshi Province in Nepal. It is centered around Biratchowk town which is the gateway to Biratnagar. It borders Itahari Sub- Metropolitan city to the West, Dharan Sub- Metropolitan city to the Northwest and Belbari municipality to the East and is connected by the Mahendra Highway. It is one of the fastest growing cities in the Eastern Nepal and the second largest city of Morang district after Biratnagar with 121,305 inhabitants living in 26,677 households. It consists the town centres of Biratchowk and Gothgaun which are parts of the Greater Birat Development Area which incorporates the cities of Biratnagar-Itahari-Gothgau-Biratchowk-Dharan primarily located on the Koshi Highway in Eastern Nepal, with an estimated total urban agglomerated population of 804,300 people living in 159,332 households.
Netra Bikram Chand (Nepali: नेत्र विक्रम चन्द Known by Biplav Si is a Nepalese Maoist politician and rebellion leader. He together with fellow Maoist leader Ram Bahadur Thapa, was the two main militia commanders of Prachanda in the Nepalese Civil War. He separated from CPN Maoist and became the chairperson of Communist Party of Nepal in 2014. He waged an armed struggle against the government until 2020 when a peace deal was signed.
Operation Romeo was a Nepal Police operation that aimed to suppress the Maoist movement in Nepal. Taking place in November 1995, it resulted in human rights abuses, the arrests of 132 people, the displacement of 6000 locals, and rape and torture on an unknown scale. More than twelve people died during the course of the operation, and severe violence against locals took place. No perpetrators were arrested. The operation was one of the causes of the Nepalese Civil War, which began three months later in February 1996.
Nepal 
