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The Security Service,also known as MI5,is the United Kingdom's domestic counter-intelligence and security agency and is part of its intelligence machinery alongside the Secret Intelligence Service (MI6),Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ),and Defence Intelligence (DI). MI5 is directed by the Joint Intelligence Committee (JIC),and the service is bound by the Security Service Act 1989. The service is directed to protect British parliamentary democracy and economic interests and to counter terrorism and espionage within the United Kingdom (UK).
Defence Intelligence (DI) is an organisation within the United Kingdom intelligence community which focuses on gathering and analysing military intelligence. It differs from the UK's intelligence agencies in that it is an integral part of a government department –the Ministry of Defence (MoD) –rather than a stand-alone organisation. The organisation employs a mixture of civilian and military staff and is funded within the UK's defence budget. The organisation was formerly known as the Defence Intelligence Staff (DIS),but changed its name in 2009.
Cyberwarfare is the use of cyber attacks against an enemy state,causing comparable harm to actual warfare and/or disrupting vital computer systems. Some intended outcomes could be espionage,sabotage,propaganda,manipulation or economic warfare.
Jonathan Douglas Evans,Baron Evans of Weardale,is a British life peer who formerly served as the Director General of the British Security Service,the United Kingdom's domestic security and counter-intelligence service. He took over the role on the retirement of his predecessor Dame Eliza Manningham-Buller on 21 April 2007. Evans was succeeded by Andrew Parker on 22 April 2013.
The National Protective Security Authority (NPSA),formerly the Centre for the Protection of National Infrastructure (CPNI),is the national technical authority in the United Kingdom for physical and personnel protective security,maintaining expertise in counter terrorism as well as state threats.
Founded in 1990,the Information Security Group (ISG) is an academic department focusing on Information and Cyber Security within the Engineering,Physical Sciences and Mathematics School (EPMS) at Royal Holloway,University of London. It has around 25 established academic posts,7 visiting Professors or Fellows and over 90 research students. The Founder Director of the ISG was Professor Fred Piper,and the current director is Professor Chris Mitchell. Previous directors include Professors Peter Komisarczuk,Keith Martin,Keith Mayes and Peter Wild.
There is a long history of close cooperation between the United States and the United Kingdom intelligence services;see Clandestine HUMINT and Covert Action for World War II and subsequent relationships. There are permanent liaison officers of each country in major intelligence agencies of the other,such as the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and the Secret Intelligence Service ("MI6"),FBI and the Security Service (MI5),and National Security Agency (NSA) and Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ). From 1943 to 2017,the Open Source Enterprise,a division of the CIA,was run out of Caversham Park in Reading,Berkshire. American officials worked closely with their British counterparts to monitor foreign TV and radio broadcasts,as well as online information.
Mark Philip Sedwill,Baron Sedwill,is a British diplomat and senior civil servant who served as Cabinet Secretary and Head of the Home Civil Service to Prime Ministers Theresa May and Boris Johnson from 2018 to 2020. He also served as the United Kingdom National Security Adviser from 2017 to 2020. He was previously the United Kingdom's Ambassador to Afghanistan from 2009 to 2010 and the NATO Senior Civilian Representative in Afghanistan in 2010. He was the Permanent Under-Secretary of State at the Home Office from February 2013 to April 2017.
Robert Peter Hannigan CMG is a cybersecurity specialist who has been Warden of Wadham College,Oxford,since 2021. He was a senior British civil servant who previously served as the director of the signals intelligence and cryptography agency the Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ) and established the UK's National Cyber Security Centre. His sudden resignation as director was announced on 23 January 2017,and he stepped down at the end of April 2017 to pursue a career in private sector cyber security,academia and as a security commentator. In 2021 he became Warden of Wadham College,Oxford.
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The National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC) is an organisation of the United Kingdom Government that provides advice and support for the public and private sector in how to avoid computer security threats. Based in London,it became operational in October 2016,and its parent organisation is GCHQ.
Ciaran Liam Martin,,was the first CEO of the National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC). In September 2020 he was appointed Professor of Practice in the Management of Public Organisations at the Blavatnik School of Government,University of Oxford.
The Integrated Review of Security,Defence,Development and Foreign Policy,often known as the Integrated Review,and titled as Global Britain in a Competitive Age,was a review carried out by the British government led by Boris Johnson into the foreign,defence,security and international development policies of the United Kingdom. Described by Johnson as "the largest review of its kind since the Cold War",the review was published on 16 March 2021.
Lindy Cameron is a British civil servant who is chief executive officer at the National Cyber Security Centre. She was previously Director-General responsible for the Department for International Development’s programmes in Africa,Asia and the Middle East. She was awarded an Order of the Bath in the 2020 Birthday Honours for her services to international development.
Anne Keast-Butler is the Director of GCHQ,the UK's Intelligence,Cyber and Security Agency. Appointed in May 2023,she is the seventeenth person to hold the role and succeeded Sir Jeremy Fleming.
References
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- ↑ "Anne Keast-Butler to be first female director at GCHQ". BBC News. 11 April 2023. Retrieved 11 April 2023.
- ↑ Khalaf, Roula (26 May 2023). "GCHQ's Jeremy Fleming: 'Xi doesn't want to see Putin humiliated'". Financial Times. Retrieved 27 May 2023.
- ↑ Khalaf, Roula (26 May 2023). "GCHQ's Jeremy Fleming: 'Xi doesn't want to see Putin humiliated'". Financial Times. Retrieved 27 May 2023.
- 1 2 Kirchgaessner, Stephanie; Hopkins, Nick (30 July 2019). "Secret texts cast light on UK's early role in Trump-Russia inquiry". The Guardian . ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on 30 July 2019. Retrieved 31 July 2019.
- ↑ "No. 61803". The London Gazette (Supplement). 31 December 2016. p. N3.
- ↑ "GCHQ opening new Manchester base after concert terror attack". Sky News. Retrieved 11 June 2021.
- ↑ "GCHQ marks 100 years by unveiling details of wartime spy work". the Guardian. 1 November 2019. Retrieved 11 June 2021.
- ↑ Emily Dixon (14 February 2019). "Queen unveils plaque with secret message at UK's codebreaking headquarters". CNN. Retrieved 11 June 2021.
- ↑ "Behind the Enigma by John Ferris review – inside Britain's most secret intelligence agency". the Guardian. 21 October 2020. Retrieved 11 June 2021.
- ↑ "National Cyber Force Transforms country's cyber capabilities to protect UK". GOV.UK. Retrieved 11 June 2021.
- ↑ "No. 63377". The London Gazette (Supplement). 12 June 2021. p. B4.
- ↑ "No. 64168". The London Gazette (Supplement). 12 September 2023. p. 18189.
- ↑ "GCHQ Director speaks at the launch of the National Cyber Security Centre's second Annual Review". www.gchq.gov.uk. Retrieved 11 June 2021.
- ↑ Taylor, Chloe (25 February 2019). "China's role in 5G 'much bigger' than Huawei, British spy chief says". CNBC. Retrieved 11 June 2021.
- ↑ "Director GCHQ addresses NATO Cyber Defence Pledge Conference 2019". www.gchq.gov.uk. Retrieved 11 June 2021.
- ↑ "Director GCHQ gives Mansion House Defence & Security Lecture 2019". www.gchq.gov.uk. Retrieved 11 June 2021.
- ↑ "Director's speech at CYBERUK 2018". www.gchq.gov.uk. Retrieved 11 June 2021.
- ↑ "GCHQ intelligence chief threatens 'brazen' Russia with UK's 'tools'". Sky News. Retrieved 11 June 2021.
- ↑ "GCHQ chief warns of tech 'moment of reckoning'". BBC News. 22 April 2021. Retrieved 11 June 2021.
- ↑ Sanger, David E. (10 October 2022). "British Official Stresses Threat From China Even Amid Russian Aggression". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331 . Retrieved 11 October 2022.
- ↑ "An address from GCHQ Director Sir Jeremy Fleming". Australian National University. 31 March 2022. Retrieved 1 April 2022.
- ↑ "BBC Radio 4 announces Today Christmas guest editors". BBC. 28 November 2022.