Jesse Ferguson

Last updated
Jesse Ferguson
Born
Jesse Ferguson

(1957-03-20) March 20, 1957 (age 67)
NationalityAmerican
Other names"The Boogieman"
Statistics
Weight(s) Heavyweight
Height6 ft 2 in (188 cm)
Reach77 in (196 cm)
Stance Orthodox
Boxing record
Total fights44
Wins26
Wins by KO16
Losses18
Draws0

Jesse Ferguson (born March 20, 1957) is a retired American boxer who was a Heavyweight Title Challenger and Top Contender who Beat Undisputed Heavyweight World Champion Buster Douglas, Heavyweight World Champion Ray Mercer and Cruiserweight World Champion Tyrone Booze. His professional career is filled with matches with champions and contenders and his name is linked with numerous boxing stars of the 1980s and 1990s.

Contents

Early years

Ferguson grew up in rural Knightdale, North Carolina, one of 13 children of a tobacco farm workers William and Jesse Ferguson. [1]

Military service

Ferguson took up boxing at the age of 22, while serving with the U.S. Marines. [1]

Professional career

After an amateur career in the early 80s, Ferguson turned pro in 1983 at the age of 25. He had 10 straight wins (all by knockout), the most notable being a 4-round knockout of Reggie Gross. To supplement his meager boxing earnings, Jesse Ferguson was working as a construction worker and a security guard. [1]

This earned him a place in ESPN's 1985 Young Heavyweight tournament. He made a debut with a 4-round knockout of Richard Scott, and followed it up in the semi-finals with a 10-round points win where he outpunched James "Buster" Douglas, a fight that would become more significant over the years, as Douglas went on to upset Mike Tyson in 1990 and win the undisputed heavyweight championship of the world. In the final he took on Tony Anthony and knocked him out in the 10th round, earning himself a world ranking.

His success was short-lived however. He was matched up with Carl "The Truth" Williams, who was himself coming off a disputed 15-round points loss to Larry Holmes. Williams' experience won out, as he climbed off the floor twice to knock out Ferguson in 10 rounds.

Ferguson was employed as a sparring partner for Mike Tyson, Razor Ruddock, Lennox Lewis, and Michael Moorer. [1]

Tyson fight

In a theme that would continue throughout his long career, Ferguson was matched tough in his next fight. In 1986 he took on prospect Mike Tyson who was 17–0, and making his national television debut. Tyson broke Ferguson's nose in the fifth round with an uppercut, sending him to the canvas. Referee Luis Rivera disqualified Ferguson in the next round, for what he deemed "excessive holding." The local commission later changed the result to a "TKO" for Tyson.

Journeyman

From this point on Ferguson became a part-time boxer, finding it difficult to find meaningful fights but used regularly by all the top contenders as a sparring partner, who preferred training with him than risking fighting him. In 1987 he fought only once, on the undercard of the Tyson/Tucker fight, knocking out ex-contender George Chaplin, sending him into retirement. In 1988 he fought 22-0 Orlin Norris for his NABF belt. Norris was a fast-rising prospect with slick skills and some big wins under his belt already. Ferguson's ring rust showed as he was outpointed over 12 dull rounds.

It may be said that by this point Ferguson's heart was no longer fully in the game. By the time he fought Oliver McCall in 1991, he had only had one fight in three years, a 6-round kayo of Terry Armstrong in 1990. Although rusty and overweight, Ferguson appeared to get the better of McCall. However Ferguson had been relegated to 'trial horse' status and McCall was given the decision. Three years later in 1994, McCall would knockout Lennox Lewis in two rounds to become heavyweight champion of the world. In 1992 he took on Bruce Seldon where an indifferent Ferguson retired after five rounds with an eye injury. Three years later, Seldon would win the vacant WBA heavyweight title.

Ferguson dropped decisions to two ex-world champions, Michael "Dynamite" Dokes and Tony "TNT" Tubbs, but in 1993 would see a turnaround of his fortunes.

Upset, controversy and title shot

On February 6, 1993, Ferguson fought on the untelevised undercard of an HBO event at Madison Square Garden in New York. Ferguson was signed to fight Ray Mercer, a former World Boxing Organization world Heavyweight champion, in what was actually a heavyweight title eliminator but was regarded by many as a tune up for Mercer for a potential second shot at a world championship. The winner of the bout was to face the winner of the main event between reigning WBA and IBF champion Riddick Bowe and former champion Michael Dokes for the titles at a future date. Ferguson, however, defied the odds and defeated an underprepared Mercer by a unanimous decision to earn his shot against Bowe, who knocked out Dokes in the first round.

The win over Mercer proved controversial as Mercer was later investigated for allegedly trying to bribe Ferguson to let Mercer win the bout. [2]

The fight was signed for May 22, 1993, and was staged at RFK Stadium in Washington, DC. Ferguson came into the fight below 230 pounds for the first time in years and was considered to be in the best shape of his career. Because the IBF did not consider Ferguson to be a legitimate contender, they would not sanction the defense for Bowe and only the WBA and lineal championships were on the line. Ferguson thought he had a legitimate chance to knock the champion out, but Bowe disregarded his boasts. Ferguson was knocked down toward the end of the first round and barely made it back to his feet at the bell, then was dropped again as the second round began and knocked out.

Remainder of pro career

Despite the defeat, Ferguson was back in the ring shortly afterwards. He was matched against Mercer yet again, who this time came in shape at 223. Although the fight was closer, Ferguson still appeared to outpunch Mercer and get the better of him. Once again Ferguson was on the wrong end of a close decision as Mercer was awarded a split decision that was even jeered by his hometown crowd at Atlantic City. In 1994 Ferguson travelled to the U.K. to fight Frank Bruno, who was returning after his loss to Lennox Lewis. The overweight Ferguson collapsed in one round in a passionless performance. A year later Bruno would outpoint Oliver McCall and win the WBC heavyweight title.

In his only other fight in 1994 Ferguson was matched with Larry Holmes, the 44-year-old former great who was on another comeback trail. Ferguson despite being out of shape had Holmes reeling in the second, and appeared to get the best of the ex-champ. Yet again Ferguson was on the wrong side of the points decision, and even the New York Times reported it as: "A robbery. Larry Holmes came off second-best against Jesse Ferguson." By 1995 Ferguson was frequently out of shape and made little effort in his fights. He had Jeremy Williams out on his feet but quit in the 7th with a swollen eye. He dropped Alex Stewart twice but was denied the decision. He did nothing against Danell Nicholson and pulled out after 8 rounds. In all three fights he looked distinctly uninterested.

Return to form

In 1996 he was hired as chief sparring partner for champion Mike Tyson in the lead-up to his fight with Bruce Seldon. It was during this time, with a little encouragement from Team Tyson, Ferguson began to realise he was better than he gave himself credit for.

He returned late in 1996, now aged 39, and beat undefeated Bobby Harris. He followed this up with two more wins before a high-profile fight on HBO with Tongan Samson Po'uha, in 1997. He decked Po'uha several times before knocking him out in the 8th round.

This led to another big fight on HBO in 1998, where a now 40-year-old Ferguson took on young and undefeated powerful punching contender Hasim Rahman for the USBA belt. Ferguson lost by decision. Rahman would go on to defeat Lennox Lewis and become the Heavyweight Champion of the World.

Ferguson followed up the Rahman fight with a 10-round decision win over ex-cruiserweight champ Tyrone Booze. He then took on Obed Sullivan, ranked No. 4 in the world, and won an upset decision.

In 1999 Jimmy Thunder, citing an injury, dropped out of a fight with Polish contender Andrew Golota. Ferguson was tapped as Thunder's replacement and accepted the bout on short notice; he lost the fight by decision.

After this loss Ferguson's manager handed him back his contract and stopped answering his calls. Ferguson could no longer find fights. His career ended in 1999 with a record of 26-18-0 with 16 knockouts.

Ferguson spoke of comebacks in 2000 and 2002 but each time nothing came of them. He complained of being "blackballed" by the boxing establishment.

Professional boxing record

26 Wins (16 knockouts, 10 decisions), 18 Losses (7 knockouts, 11 decisions)
ResultRecordOpponentTypeRoundDateLocationNotes
Loss26-18 Flag of Poland.svg Andrew Golota UD1030/01/1999 Flag of the United States.svg Atlantic City, New Jersey, U.S.
Win26-17 Flag of the United States.svg Obed Sullivan SD1008/12/1998 Flag of the United States.svg New York City, U.S.
Win25-17 Flag of the United States.svg Tyrone Booze UD1003/09/1998 Flag of the United States.svg Mashantucket, Connecticut, U.S.
Loss24-17 Flag of the United States.svg Hasim Rahman UD1231/01/1998 Flag of the United States.svg Atlantic City, New Jersey, U.S. USBA/IBF Intercontinental Heavyweight Titles.
Win24-16 Flag of Tonga.svg Samson Po'uha TKO831/05/1997 Flag of the United States.svg Atlantic City, New Jersey, U.S.Referee stopped the bout at 2:53 of the eighth round.
Win23-16 Flag of the United States.svg Thomas WilliamsTKO803/04/1997 Flag of the United States.svg Worley, Idaho, U.S.Referee stopped the bout at 2:38 of the eighth round.
Win22-16 Flag of Jamaica.svg Everton DavisUD1005/12/1996 Flag of the United States.svg Tulsa, Oklahoma, U.S.
Win21-16 Flag of the United States.svg Bobby HarrisUD1012/09/1996 Flag of the United States.svg Melville, New York, U.S.
Loss20-16 Flag of the United States.svg Danell Nicholson TKO819/10/1995 Flag of the United States.svg Las Vegas, Nevada, U.S.
Loss20-15 Flag of Jamaica.svg Alex Stewart UD1008/08/1995 Flag of the United States.svg Coachella, California, U.S.
Loss20-14 Flag of the United States.svg Jeremy Williams RTD705/03/1995 Flag of the United States.svg Palm Springs, California, U.S.Ferguson could not answer the bell in round eight.
Loss20-13 Flag of the United States.svg Larry Holmes UD1009/08/1994 Flag of the United States.svg Shakopee, Minnesota, U.S.
Loss20-12 Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Frank Bruno TKO116/03/1994 Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Birmingham, England
Loss20-11 Flag of the United States.svg Ray Mercer SD1019/11/1993 Flag of the United States.svg Atlantic City, New Jersey, U.S.
Win20-10 Flag of the United States.svg Rocky PepeliTKO922/07/1993 Flag of the United States.svg Biloxi, Mississippi, U.S.Referee stopped the bout at 1:30 of the ninth round.
Loss19-10 Flag of the United States.svg Riddick Bowe KO 222/05/1993 Flag of the United States.svg Washington, D.C., U.S. WBA Heavyweight Title. Ferguson knocked out at 0:17 of the second round.
Win19-9 Flag of the United States.svg Ray Mercer UD1006/02/1993 Flag of the United States.svg New York City, New York, U.S.
Loss18-9 Flag of the United States.svg Tony Tubbs UD1024/11/1992 Flag of the United States.svg Auburn Hills, Michigan, U.S.
Loss18-8 Flag of the United States.svg Michael Dokes UD1028/07/1992 Flag of the United States.svg Atlantic City, New Jersey, U.S.
Win18-7 Flag of the United States.svg Mike RobinsonTKO605/06/1992 Flag of the United States.svg Camp Hill, Pennsylvania, U.S.
Loss17-7 Flag of the United States.svg Bruce Seldon TKO519/01/1992 Flag of the United States.svg Atlantic City, New Jersey, U.S. IBF Intercontinental Heavyweight Title. Referee stopped the bout at 3:00 of the fifth round.
Loss17-6 Flag of the United States.svg Oliver McCall UD1008/08/1991 Flag of the United States.svg Atlantic City, New Jersey, U.S.
Win17-5 Flag of the United States.svg Terry ArmstrongTKO631/03/1990 Flag of the United States.svg Tampa, Florida, U.S.Referee stopped the bout at 1:19 of the sixth round.
Loss16-5 Flag of the United States.svg Orlin Norris UD1215/11/1988 Flag of the United States.svg San Diego, California, U.S. NABF Heavyweight Title.
Win16-4 Flag of the United States.svg John MortonUD1010/09/1988 Flag of the United States.svg Winston-Salem, North Carolina, U.S.
Win15-4 Flag of the United States.svg George ChaplinKO801/08/1987 Flag of the United States.svg Las Vegas, Nevada, U.S.Chaplin knocked out at 1:52 of the eighth round.
Loss14-4 Flag of Sweden.svg Anders EklundPTS817/10/1986 Flag of Denmark.svg Randers, Denmark
Loss14-3 Flag of the United States.svg James SmithMD1007/06/1986 Flag of Bermuda.svg Hamilton, Bermuda
Loss14-2 Flag of the United States.svg Mike Tyson TKO616/02/1986 Flag of the United States.svg Troy, New York, U.S.Referee stopped the bout at 1:19 of the sixth round.
Win14-1 Flag of the United States.svg Oscar HolmanUD1011/01/1986 Flag of the United States.svg Atlantic City, New Jersey, U.S.
Loss13-1 Flag of the United States.svg Carl Williams TKO1031/08/1985 Flag of the United States.svg Atlantic City, New Jersey, U.S.Referee stopped the bout at 0:37 of the tenth round.
Win13-0 Flag of the United States.svg Tony AnthonyTKO1020/06/1985 Flag of the United States.svg Atlantic City, New Jersey, U.S.Referee stopped the bout at 2:55 of the tenth round.
Win12-0 Flag of the United States.svg Buster Douglas MD1009/05/1985 Flag of the United States.svg Atlantic City, New Jersey, U.S.
Win11-0 Flag of the United States.svg Richard ScottTKO427/03/1985 Flag of the United States.svg Atlantic City, New Jersey, U.S.Referee stopped the bout at 2:28 of the fourth round.
Win10-0 Flag of the United States.svg Oscar HolmanUD813/12/1984 Flag of the United States.svg Atlantic City, New Jersey, U.S.
Win9-0 Flag of the United States.svg Reggie GrossTKO320/09/1984 Flag of the United States.svg Atlantic City, New Jersey, U.S.Referee stopped the bout at 1:49 of the third round.
Win8-0 Flag of the United States.svg Kid SamsonKO524/07/1984 Flag of the United States.svg Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.
Win7-0 Flag of the United States.svg Robert HillTKO705/06/1984 Flag of the United States.svg Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.
Win6-0 Flag of the United States.svg Ernie SingletonTKO526/03/1984 Flag of the United States.svg Atlantic City, New Jersey, U.S.
Win5-0 Flag of the United States.svg Mike PerkinsUD614/02/1984 Flag of the United States.svg Atlantic City, New Jersey, U.S.
Win4-0 Flag of the United States.svg Joe BallardKO408/10/1983 Flag of the United States.svg Atlantic City, New Jersey, U.S.
Win3-0 Flag of the United States.svg James HolmesTKO329/09/1983 Flag of the United States.svg Newark, New Jersey, U.S.
Win2-0Eddie CowartKO225/05/1983 Flag of the United States.svg Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.
Win1-0 Flag of the United States.svg Tony JacksonKO112/01/1983 Flag of the United States.svg Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lennox Lewis</span> British-Canadian boxer (born 1965)

Lennox Claudius Lewis is a boxing commentator and former professional boxer who competed from 1989 to 2003. He is a three-time world heavyweight champion, a two-time lineal champion, and held the undisputed championship. Holding dual British and Canadian citizenship, Lewis represented Canada as an amateur at the 1984 and 1988 Olympics; in the latter, he won a gold medal in the super-heavyweight division.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ossie Ocasio</span> Puerto Rican boxer (born 1955)

Osvaldo "Ossie" Ocasio is a Puerto Rican former boxer who held the World Cruiserweight Championship from 1982 to 1984. He was also a Top Contender and Heavyweight Challenger in 1979. He scored notable wins against Former Cruiserweight Champion Dwight Muhammad Qawi as well as beating Top Heavyweight Contender Jimmy Young and Heavyweight Contender Pierre Coetzer, as well as drawing with Future Heavyweight Champion Michael Dokes. Nicknamed "Jaws", his peculiar nickname was the result of him accidentally biting another boxer during a sparring session.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Evander Holyfield</span> American boxer (born 1962)

Evander Holyfield is an American former professional boxer who competed between 1984 and 2011. He reigned as the undisputed champion at cruiserweight in the late 1980s and at heavyweight in the early 1990s, and was the only boxer in history to win the undisputed championship in two weight classes in the "three belt era", a feat later surpassed by Terence Crawford, Naoya Inoue and Oleksandr Usyk, who became two-weight undisputed champions in the four-belt era. Nicknamed "the Real Deal", Holyfield is the only four-time world heavyweight champion, having held the unified WBA, WBC, and IBF titles from 1990 to 1992, the WBA and IBF titles again from 1993 to 1994, the WBA title a third time from 1996 to 1999; the IBF title a third time from 1997 to 1999 and the WBA title for a fourth time from 2000 to 2001.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Andrew Golota</span> Polish boxer (born 1968)

Andrzej Jan Gołota, best known as Andrew Golota, is a Polish former professional boxer who competed from 1992 to 2013. He challenged four times for a heavyweight world title, and as an amateur won a bronze medal in the heavyweight division at the 1988 Olympics. Despite his accomplishments and more than 40 professional wins, Golota is perhaps best known for twice being disqualified against Riddick Bowe for repeated low blows in fights that Golota was winning. On October 4, 1997, he became the first Pole to challenge for a heavyweight boxing crown when he fought WBC champion Lennox Lewis at Boardwalk Hall in Atlantic City. In November 2016, Golota was inducted into the Illinois Boxing Hall of Fame.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Riddick Bowe</span> American boxer (born 1967)

Riddick Lamont Bowe is an American former professional boxer and professional kickboxer who competed between 1989 and 2008 in boxing, and from 2013 to 2016 in kickboxing. He held the undisputed world heavyweight championship in 1992, and won the super heavyweight silver medal at the 1988 Summer Olympics.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lou Savarese</span> American boxer (born 1965)

Lou Savarese is an American former professional boxer and mixed martial artist who competed 1989 to 2013. He is from Greenwood Lake, New York. In January 1996, Savrese won IBF USBA Heavyweight title by knocking out former contender Buster Mathis Jr. in seven rounds. On April 26, 1997, he challenged for the Lineal Heavyweight Championship, and lost by a controversial split decision to the Lineal World Heavyweight Champion George Foreman. A year later on June 25, 1998, Savarese won the IBA World Heavyweight title against former Undisputed World Heavyweight Champion Buster Douglas by way of a first-round knockout. On June 24, 2000, he lost by a first-round technical knockout to former Undisputed World Heavyweight Champion Mike Tyson. On September 22, 2002, Savarese won the vacant WBO Inter-Continental Heavyweight title, by way of a fifth-round TKO against former two-time World Heavyweight Champion Tim Witherspoon. On June 30, 2007, Savarese fought former four-time World Heavyweight Champion Evander Holyfield. He fought with great heart but lost by unanimous decision to a sharp looking Holyfield. Savarese announced after the fight that he had given it his all but it wasn't good enough, and this would be his last bout.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bruce Seldon</span> American boxer

Bruce Samuel Seldon is an American former professional boxer and current boxing trainer, who competed from 1988 to 1996, and 2004 to 2009. He held the WBA heavyweight title from 1995 to 1996, most notably losing to Mike Tyson via knockout in his second defense.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Oliver McCall</span> American boxer (born 1965)

Oliver McCall is an American former professional boxer who competed from 1985 to 2019. A veteran of the sport for over three decades, he is best known for winning the WBC heavyweight title in 1994 by scoring an upset knockout victory over Lennox Lewis. The next year he defended the title against Larry Holmes before losing it to Frank Bruno. McCall is also known for an infamous in-ring mental breakdown during his 1997 rematch with Lewis. McCall's son, Elijah, is also a heavyweight professional boxer. McCall is known for never being knocked down in his 74-bout professional career and possessed one of the most durable chins of his time. According to Frank Bruno: He was also known to be Mike Tyson's top sparring partner.

Donovan "Razor" Ruddock is a Jamaican-born Canadian former professional boxer who competed from 1982 to 2001 and in 2015. He is known for his two fights against Mike Tyson in 1991, a fight against Lennox Lewis in 1992, and a fight with Tommy Morrison in 1995. Ruddock was also known for his exceptionally heavy punching; some of the best examples of his left hand and overall power was his knockouts of former WBA heavyweight champions James Smith in 1989, Michael Dokes in 1990, and Greg Page in 1992. His favored weapon at the ring proved to be a highly versatile half-hook, half-uppercut left-handed punch he called "The Smash" which accounted for the majority of his knockout wins -- it also happened to be his major downside throughout his career. Being a left-handed puncher fighting out of the orthodox stance, he didn't throw right handed punches during most knockout flurries.

As in the 1980s, the 1990s in boxing's popularity focused on all divisions. When 1980s legends Sugar Ray Leonard, Thomas Hearns, as well as others retired, newer superstars filled the void: Pernell Whitaker, Julio César Chávez, in the early 1990s, Oscar De La Hoya, Félix Trinidad, Roy Jones Jr. and Floyd Mayweather Jr. in the mid to late 1990s.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mike Tyson vs. Evander Holyfield</span> Boxing competition

Mike Tyson vs. Evander Holyfield, billed as Finally, was a professional boxing match fought between Evander Holyfield and Mike Tyson for the WBA heavyweight championship on November 9, 1996, at the MGM Grand Garden Arena in Paradise, Nevada. The bout was Tyson's first defence of the WBA title that he had won from Bruce Seldon on September 7 of that year.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Evander Holyfield vs. Riddick Bowe</span> Boxing competition

Evander Holyfield vs. Riddick Bowe was a professional boxing match that took place on November 13, 1992 in Las Vegas, Nevada. The fight was contested for the undisputed world heavyweight championship, which consisted of the WBA, WBC, and IBF championships.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Riddick Bowe vs. Evander Holyfield II</span> 1993 boxing match

Riddick Bowe vs. Evander Holyfield II, billed as Repeat or Revenge, was a professional boxing match that took place on November 6, 1993, for the WBA and IBF heavyweight championships.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Riddick Bowe vs. Evander Holyfield III</span> 1995 boxing match

Riddick Bowe vs. Evander Holyfield III, billed as "The Final Chapter", was a professional boxing match contested on November 4, 1995. The non-title match marked the third and final fight in the Bowe–Holyfield trilogy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Evander Holyfield vs. Lennox Lewis</span> Boxing competition

Evander Holyfield vs. Lennox Lewis, billed as Undisputed, was a professional boxing match contested on March 13, 1999 for the WBA, WBC, and IBF undisputed heavyweight championship.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Riddick Bowe vs. Michael Dokes</span> 1993 boxing match

Riddick Bowe vs. Michael Dokes, billed as The Homecoming, was a professional boxing match contested on February 6, 1993 for the WBA and IBF heavyweight championships. The fight emanated from Madison Square Garden in New York, New York.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Riddick Bowe vs. Jesse Ferguson</span> 1993 boxing match

Riddick Bowe vs. Jesse Ferguson, billed as "The Heavyweight Debate", was a professional boxing match contested on May 22, 1993, for the WBA and Lineal Heavyweight championships. The fight took place in RFK Stadium in Washington, DC, was Bowe's second defense of the title he had won from Evander Holyfield in November 1992, and was the main event of a card that included a fight between Roy Jones Jr. and Bernard Hopkins for the vacant IBF middleweight championship, which Jones won.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Riddick Bowe vs. Andrew Golota</span> 1996 boxing match

Riddick Bowe vs. Andrew Golota, billed as "Big Daddy's Home", was a professional boxing match contested on July 11, 1996. The fight was held at Madison Square Garden in New York City and was televised on HBO in the United States, and on Sky Sports in the United Kingdom.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lennox Lewis vs. Oliver McCall</span> Boxing competition

Lennox Lewis vs. Oliver McCall, billed "Whose Moment of Glory", was a professional boxing match contested on 24 September 1994 for the WBC Heavyweight Championship.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lennox Lewis vs. Ray Mercer</span> Boxing competition

Lennox Lewis vs. Ray Mercer, billed as "One Big Night", was a professional boxing match contested on May 10, 1996.

References