Hamilton, Bermuda

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Hamilton
City
Front Street Hamilton Bermuda.jpg
Front Street in Hamilton
Hamilton Bermuda city crest.png
Bermuda location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Hamilton
Location of Hamilton in Bermuda
North Atlantic Ocean laea relief location map.jpg
Red pog.svg
Hamilton
Hamilton (North Atlantic)
Coordinates: 32°17′39″N64°46′55″W / 32.29417°N 64.78194°W / 32.29417; -64.78194
Country United Kingdom
Territory Bermuda
Parish Pembroke
Founded1790
Government
  MayorCharles Gosling
Area
  Total0.28 sq mi (0.7 km2)
Population
 (2016)
  Total854 [1]
  Density3,050/sq mi (1,180/km2)
Time zone UTC−04:00 (Atlantic Standard Time)
  Summer (DST) UTC−03:00 (Atlantic Daylight Time)
Climate Af
Website cityofhamilton.bm

The City of Hamilton, in Pembroke Parish, is the territorial capital of the British Overseas Territory of Bermuda. It is the territory's financial centre and a port and tourist destination. Its population of 854 (2016) [2] is one of the smallest of any capital city.

Contents

History

The history of Hamilton as a British city began in 1790 when the government of Bermuda set aside 145 acres (59 ha) for its future seat, officially incorporated in 1793 by an Act of Parliament, and named for Governor Henry Hamilton. The colony's capital relocated to Hamilton from St George's in 1815. The city has been at the political and military heart of Bermuda ever since. Government buildings include the parliament building, the Government House to the north, the former Admiralty House of the Royal Navy to the west (both in Pembroke), and the British Army garrison headquarters at Prospect Camp to its east. The Town of Hamilton became a city in 1897, ahead of the consecration in 1911 of the Cathedral of the Most Holy Trinity (Church of England), which was under construction at the time. A Catholic cathedral, St. Theresa's, was later constructed.

In 1940, the Royal Navy commissioned a former US Navy destroyer as HMS Hamilton. The 2 November 1940, issue of The Royal Gazette , a newspaper published in the City of Hamilton, reported this in an article titled "NEW" DESTROYER HAS NAME OF HAMILTON: Mayor Here Receives Letter From Her Commander, [3] and began:

News has been received here of the destroyer Hamilton, one of the 50 destroyers recently acquired by Great Britain from the United States and named in honour of Bermuda's capital. Commander L. M. Shadwell, R.N., who commands the Hamilton, has written to the Mayor of Hamilton, Mr. S. P. Eve, a letter in which he says, "I thought it possible that you might be interested to have news from time to time of the ship which has the honour to bear the name of your city."

The article went on to mention that the Mayor was to open a fund to supply the crew of the ship with newspapers and included the text of Shadwell's letter.

In February 17th, 1975, Queen Elizabeth II made an visit on city hall along with Prince Philip, in the course of world tour on the construction of the structure. [4]

Today, the city overlooking Hamilton Harbour is primarily a business district, with few structures other than office buildings and shops. The City of Hamilton has long maintained a building height and view limit, which states that no buildings may obscure the cathedral. In the 21st century, buildings have been planned and some are under construction that are as high as ten storeys in the area. Bermuda's local newspaper, The Royal Gazette, reports, "If you don't recognise the city, from 15 years ago, we don't blame you as it has changed so much".[ citation needed ]

Geography

Hamilton is located on the north side of Hamilton Harbour, and is Bermuda's main port. Although there is a parish of the same name, the city of Hamilton is in the parish of Pembroke. The city is named after Sir Henry Hamilton, governor of the territory from 1786 to 1793. Hamilton Parish antedates the city.

The administrative capital of Bermuda, Hamilton, has a limited permanent population around 854 (2016); however in 2010, 13,340 (40% of Bermuda's working population) worked here on a daily basis. The only incorporated city in Bermuda, Hamilton is smaller than the historic town of St. George's. A more representative measure of Bermuda's local residential populations tends to be by parish.

Economy

As the offshore domicile of many foreign companies, Bermuda has a highly developed international business economy; it is an exporter of financial services, primarily insurance, reinsurance, investment funds, and special-purpose vehicles. Finance and international business constitute the largest sector of Bermuda's economy, and virtually all of this business takes place within the borders of Hamilton.

Numerous leading international insurance companies are based in Hamilton, as it is a global reinsurance centre[ clarification needed ]. Around 400 internationally owned and operated businesses are physically based in Bermuda, and many are represented by the Association of Bermuda International Companies. In total, over 1,500 exempted or international companies are registered with the Registrar of Companies in Bermuda.

The city is the registered headquarters of the spirits manufacturer Bacardi, outsourcing company Genpact, and reinsurance company Tokio Millennium Re Ltd. [5] Hamilton is known as the headquarters of international shipping companies, such as Frontline Ltd. Its low corporate tax rate makes it attractive to US companies. [6]

In addition, the corporate headquarters of the Bermuda grocery store chain The MarketPlace is located within the chain's Hamilton MarketPlace location, [7] [8] the largest grocery store in Bermuda. [9]

Cost of living

According to Numbeo, Hamilton, Bermuda holds the record for the highest cost of living index in the world with the cost of living rate in Hamilton being at 138.01 as of 2023. [10]

IndexRating
Cost of Living138.01
Rent Index89.76
Cost of Living Plus Rent114.91
Groceries Index142.98
Restaurant Price Index134.85
Local Purchasing Power70.99

Coat of arms and flag

Coat of arms of the city of Hamilton Hamilton Bermuda city crest.png
Coat of arms of the city of Hamilton
Flag of the city of Hamilton Flag of Hamilton, Bermuda.svg
Flag of the city of Hamilton

The coat of arms of the city of Hamilton incorporate a shield featuring a golden sailing ship, representing the Resolution, surrounded by three cinquefoils, two above the ship and one below, also in gold, all on a plain blue background. This shield is supported by a mermaid and heraldic sea horse (i.e., demi-horse, demi-fish), and is placed on a mount in front of which is a scroll containing the motto "Sparsa Collegit". The shield is topped by a crest featuring a closed helm topped with a torque above which an heraldic seahorse is emerging from the sea holding a flower. [11] The city's full motto is Hamilton sparsa collegit, ("Hamilton has assembled the scattered"). [12]

The city's flag is a banner of arms, featuring the same details as on the shield of the city's coat of arms, but with the flowers in white rather than gold. [11]

Parks

The city of Hamilton has many parks for its size. One of the best known parks in the city is Victoria Park. This park occupies a whole block and was named after Queen Victoria. Other parks in the city are Par La Ville Park, Barr's Park, All Buoy's Point Park, and the hidden Cedar Park.

Hamilton, Bermuda 1911b.jpg
Panorama of Hamilton, 1911. View from Fort Hamilton.
Hamilton, Bermuda Panorama.jpg
Panorama of Hamilton, 2007. Same vantage.

Climate

Although located some distance north of the geographic tropics, Hamilton has a warm trade-wind tropical rainforest climate (Af) bordering on humid subtropical climate (Cfa). It is warm enough for coconut palms and other tropical palms to grow, although they may not fruit properly due to the lack of heat or sunshine during the winter months because of latitude. Hamilton has uncharacteristically warm temperatures for its latitude (32°N) because of the moderating influence of the North Atlantic and nearby Gulf Stream. Hamilton features warm and humid summers and semi-warm "winters". As temperatures are moderated by the Atlantic Ocean, it rarely gets very hot or cold in the city. Precipitation is plentiful throughout the year and Hamilton does not have a dry season month, a month where on average less than 60 mm (2.36 in) of precipitation falls. Summer precipitation is usually from showers, thunderstorms, and tropical disturbances or even tropical cyclones. Meanwhile, winter precipitation is typically derived from westerly moving extra-tropical cyclones and their associated fronts. Erratic, extended dry spells occasionally develop because of variations in the semi-permanent sub-tropical ridge locally known as the Bermuda-Azores High.

Climate data for Bermuda (L.F. Wade International Airport) (1991-2020 normals, extremes 1949-2023) [lower-alpha 1]
MonthJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecYear
Record high °C (°F)25.4
(77.7)
26.1
(79.0)
26.1
(79.0)
27.2
(81.0)
30.0
(86.0)
32.2
(90.0)
33.1
(91.6)
33.9
(93.0)
33.2
(91.8)
31.7
(89.0)
28.9
(84.0)
26.7
(80.0)
33.9
(93.0)
Mean maximum °C (°F)23.4
(74.1)
23.1
(73.6)
23.5
(74.3)
24.4
(75.9)
26.5
(79.7)
29.1
(84.4)
30.7
(87.3)
31.2
(88.2)
30.6
(87.1)
28.9
(84.0)
26.3
(79.3)
24.5
(76.1)
31.3
(88.3)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)20.7
(69.3)
20.4
(68.7)
20.5
(68.9)
22.1
(71.8)
24.3
(75.7)
27.2
(81.0)
29.6
(85.3)
30.1
(86.2)
29.1
(84.4)
26.7
(80.1)
23.8
(74.8)
21.8
(71.2)
24.7
(76.5)
Daily mean °C (°F)18.3
(64.9)
17.9
(64.2)
18.1
(64.6)
19.7
(67.5)
22.0
(71.6)
25.0
(77.0)
27.2
(81.0)
27.7
(81.9)
26.7
(80.1)
24.4
(75.9)
21.6
(70.9)
19.6
(67.3)
22.4
(72.3)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)15.9
(60.6)
15.4
(59.7)
15.6
(60.1)
17.3
(63.1)
19.8
(67.6)
22.7
(72.9)
24.9
(76.8)
25.2
(77.4)
24.4
(75.9)
22.2
(72.0)
19.3
(66.7)
17.3
(63.1)
20.0
(68.0)
Mean minimum °C (°F)11.5
(52.7)
11.6
(52.9)
11.4
(52.5)
14.0
(57.2)
16.3
(61.3)
19.4
(66.9)
21.7
(71.1)
22.5
(72.5)
21.4
(70.5)
19.0
(66.2)
15.9
(60.6)
13.6
(56.5)
10.2
(50.4)
Record low °C (°F)7.2
(45.0)
6.3
(43.3)
7.2
(45.0)
8.9
(48.0)
12.1
(53.8)
15.2
(59.4)
16.1
(61.0)
20.0
(68.0)
18.9
(66.0)
14.4
(58.0)
12.4
(54.3)
9.1
(48.4)
6.3
(43.3)
Average precipitation mm (inches)127.6
(5.02)
123.6
(4.87)
118.9
(4.68)
86.8
(3.42)
94.6
(3.72)
110.2
(4.34)
116.2
(4.57)
165.2
(6.50)
145.2
(5.72)
149.1
(5.87)
111.6
(4.39)
104.8
(4.13)
1,453.8
(57.23)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1 mm)13.812.612.28.97.89.910.713.211.612.111.811.7136.3
Average relative humidity (%)73737374798180797774727276
Average dew point °C (°F)13.4
(56.1)
13.3
(55.9)
12.9
(55.2)
15.2
(59.4)
17.7
(63.9)
21.1
(70.0)
22.8
(73.0)
23.1
(73.6)
22.2
(72.0)
19.8
(67.6)
16.6
(61.9)
14.6
(58.3)
17.7
(63.9)
Mean monthly sunshine hours 143.2147.6189.7231.9255.9255.6284.6272.7221.8198.3168.0146.62,515.9
Source: Bermuda Weather Service (mean max and min 2006-2023, humidity 1995-2010, dew point 2002-2018, sun 1999-2019) [13] [14] [15] [16] [17]

Education

Schools in Hamilton:

Sports

Hamilton has a host of beaches, which provide many opportunities for water sports, including surfing, wind surfing, water skiing, jet skiing, sailing and diving.

The highlight of the sports calendar is the Bermuda Gold Cup (or Argo Group Gold Cup as it is known), [21] a sailing event which is a key stage of the World Match Racing Tour, one of only three sailing championships to be sanctioned by the International Sailing Federation (ISAF) [22] with 'Special Event' status. The Argo Cup brings the world's best match-racing sailors (including world champions and Olympic sailors) to Bermuda for five days of one-on-one 'match racing'. Points accrued during the event contribute to the World Match Racing Tour and ultimately a chance to race in the final event, the Monsoon Cup in Malaysia. The winner of that is crowned ISAF World Match Racing Champion. Unlike many water-based sports, which occur too far out to view from shore, 'match racing' is a great spectator sport. The race takes place only 15m from the shore, and spectators can see the heart of the action.

The history of the modern Bermuda Gold Cup event dates back to the very beginning of the match racing style of sailing. The first 'match race' in a one-design racing yacht, i.e. technically identical boats, was the King Edward VII Gold Cup [23] in Bermuda (now known as the Argo Gold Cup) that was first sailed in 1937. The Argo Gold Cup is still a key event in the World Match Racing Tour calendar.

The King Edward VII Cup itself was originally given at the Tri-Centenary Regatta at Jamestown, Virginia, in 1907, by King Edward VII in commemoration of the 300th Anniversary of the first permanent settlement in America. C. Sherman Hoyt won that regatta, and was the first sailor to accept the historic trophy.

Hoyt held the Gold Cup for three decades before donating it to the Royal Bermuda Yacht Club and proposing an annual one-on-one match-race series in 6-Meter yachts. In his letter he expressed the propriety of "my returning a British Royal trophy to the custody of your club, with its long record of clean sportsmanship and keenly contested races between your Bermuda yachts and ours of Long Island Sound, and elsewhere..." [24] The first winner of the Cup in its new format was Briggs Cunningham in 1937. He was also the first skipper to win the America's Cup in a 12-Meter racing yacht.

Transport

Busses

Bus Terminal, Hamilton, Bermuda Bermudabusterminal.JPG
Bus Terminal, Hamilton, Bermuda

All but one route (Route 6) in Bermuda start from the bus terminal in Hamilton. [25]

Notable people

Sport

See also

Notes

  1. Mean monthly maxima and minima (i.e. the highest and lowest temperature readings during an entire month or year) calculated based on data at said location from 2006 to 2023.

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References

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  2. "2016 Population and Housing Census Report" (PDF). Government of Bermuda, Department of Statistics. Retrieved 11 March 2020.
  3. "NEW DESTROYER HAS NAME OF HAMILTON: Mayor Here Receives Letter From Her Commander". The Royal Gazette. Bermuda. 2 November 1940.
  4. "Welcome to Hamilton, Bermuda". cityofhamilton.bm. Retrieved 25 May 2023.
  5. Johnston, David Cay; Treaster, Joseph B. (6 March 2000). "Bermuda Move Allows Insurers To Avoid Taxes". The New York Times. Retrieved 24 August 2013.
  6. David Cay Johnston (18 February 2002). "U.S. Corporations are Using Bermuda to Slash Tax Bills". The New York Times. Retrieved 24 August 2013.
  7. "Your Questions, Comments, Requests." The MarketPlace. Retrieved on 21 December 2011. "The MarketPlace Ltd. 42 Church Street Hamilton HM 12 – Bermuda"
  8. "Locations." The MarketPlace. Retrieved on 21 December 2011. HAMILTON MARKETPLACE 42 Church Street, Hamilton, HM 12"
  9. "Bermuda Shopping The Marketplace Archived 30 January 2013 at archive.today ." The New York Times . Retrieved on 21 December 2011.
  10. "Cost of Living in Hamilton". www.numbeo.com. Retrieved 16 March 2021.
  11. 1 2 "City of Hamilton (Bermuda)". crwflags.com.
  12. "Bermuda's City of Hamilton". bermuda-online.org.
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  14. "1981-2010 Monthly Stats". Bermuda Weather Service . Retrieved 13 January 2024.
  15. "2002-2018 Dew Point Statistics". Bermuda Weather Service . Retrieved 13 January 2024.
  16. "1949-1999 Climate Summary". Bermuda Weather Service . Retrieved 13 January 2024.
  17. "Climate Report - Annual Data". Bermuda Weather Service . Retrieved 13 January 2024.
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  22. "ISAF Homepage". sailing.org.
  23. Archived 19 May 2010 at the Wayback Machine
  24. "2009 Bermuda Gold Cup (King Edward VII Gold Cup) – Oct 2009 – The Calendar on Sailing Networks". Sailingnetworks.com. 11 October 2009. Retrieved 5 November 2013.
  25. Keith Archibald Forbes. "Bermuda's getting around options for visitors; Renting or driving local automobiles is not allowed but other ways are good". Bermuda Online. Retrieved 15 October 2009.
  26. IMDb retrieved 15 October 2017