Nepal is a landlocked country where transportation is difficult due to the mountainous terrain. Modern transportation in Nepal has just started in the 20th century.
Narayani was one of the fourteen zones of Nepal until the restructuring of zones to Provinces, located in the central south of the country. The headquarter of Narayani zone was Hetauda. Narayani Zone is named after the Narayani River which is on the western border of the zone, separating it from the Gandaki and Lumbini zones. Narayani means beloved of Narayan which is Parvati his sister, and Narayan refers to Lord Vishnu in the Hindu religion.
Biratnagar is a metropolitan city in Nepal, which serves as the capital of Koshi Province. With a Metropolitan Urban Agglomeration population of 244,750 as per the 2021 census, it is the largest city and fastest growing city in the province and also the headquarters of Morang district. As per the preliminary report of 2022 Nepal census, Biratnagar Metropolitan has an estimated city population of 243,927 excluding the suburban areas which are now very well connected to the old town. It is the administrative center of the Greater Birat Development Area which incorporates the cities of Biratnagar and its suburbs and towns of-Itahari-Gothgau-Biratchowk-Dharan primarily located on the Koshi Highway in Eastern Nepal, with an estimated total urban agglomerated population of 804,300 people in 159,332 households including the town of Ithari. Biratnagar is located 399 km (248 mi) east of the capital, Kathmandu, and 6 km (3.7 mi) north of the bordering town of Jogbani in the Indian state of Bihar. It is one of the major entry point in Nepal for Businessmen as well as Tourists who come to visit Nepal for various purposes.
A metropolitan municipality is a municipality established to serve a metropolitan area.
Bara District is one of the seventy–seven districts of Nepal, located in the western part of the Madhesh Province. The district is third richest district in Nepal after Kathmandu and Morang with 3.3% share of total GDP of Nepal and highest per capita income in Madhesh province. Kalaiya serves as the district's headquarter. Bakaiya, Jamuniya, Pasaha, Dudhaura and Bangari are the main rivers of Bara. The main languages spoken in the district are Tharu, Bajjika, Bhojpuri and Nepali.
Birgunj is a metropolitan city in Parsa District in Madhes Pradesh in southern Nepal. It lies 135 km (84 mi) south of the capital Kathmandu, attached in the north to Raxaul on the border of the Indian state of Bihar. As an entry point to Nepal from Patna, Birganj is known as the "Gateway of Nepal". It is also called the "Commercial Capital of Nepal". The town has significant economic importance for Nepal as most of the trade with India is via Birganj and the Indian town of Raxaul. The Tribhuvan Highway links Birgunj to Nepal's capital, Kathmandu.
Raxaul is a sub-divisional town in the East Champaran district of the Indian state of Bihar. It is situated at the India-Nepal border with Birgunj city (Nepal). Raxaul is a major railway junction.
Simara Airport is a domestic airport located in Jitpur Simara serving Bara District, a district in Madhesh Province in Nepal. It also serves Birgunj, Nepal's fifth biggest city.
Amlekhganj (Nepali:अमलेखगंज) is a town and Village Development Committee in Bara District in the Narayani Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 2011 Nepal census it had a population of 6,709 people living in 1370 individual households. There were 3,413 males and 3,296 females at the time of census. At one time it was famed as the starting point of the Nepal Government Railway (NGR) which connected it with Raxaul in India.
Gadhimai is a former independent municipality in Bara District in of south-eastern Nepal that was merged into Jeetpur Simara Sub-Metropolitan City on 10 March 2017. It was itself established on 18 May 2014 by merging Pipara Simara, Jitpur Bhawanipur, Chhata Pipra, Phattepur, Dumbarwana Village Development Committees.
Nijgadh, is a town and municipality in Nepal, located in Bara District of the Madhesh Province. The total area of the municipality is 289.4 sq. km. The municipality was formed on 8 May 2014 by merging Nijgadh VDC with Ratnapuri VDC and Bharatganj Singaul VDC.
Simara is a rapidly growing city in Jitpursimara sub-metropolitan city in Bara District in Province No. 2 of south-eastern Nepal. The formerly Village Development Committee was merged to form a new municipality Gadhimai Municipality on 18 May 2014. Similarly, on 10 March 2017 Gadhimai Municipality, Inarwasira, Amlekhganj, as well as parts of Manharwa, Haraiya and Rampur Tokani were merged to form new Jitpursimara sub-metropolitan city. Aauraha, Panitanki, Ramban, Narbasti, Bajani, Purwatol etc are the villages in Simara. Auraha and Purwatol lie in the east, Bajani in the south, Hulas in north and Ramban & Narbasti in the west. At the time of the 2011 Nepal census it had a population of 23,835 people living in 5,253 individual households. But population have increased dramatically in last decade with real state boom and rising numbers of new business in the city so the current population might be estimated as high 40,000 according to local journals.
The Tribhuvan Highway (Nepali: त्रिभुवन राजपथ) connects the outskirts of Kathmandu, the capital of Nepal, with Birganj/Raxaul on the Nepal-India border. NH 28 and NH 28A links Raxaul with Lucknow/Barauni and other locations in India.
Garuda is a municipality in Rautahat District in the Narayani Zone of south-eastern Nepal. It is a newly created municipality by merging 7 former Village development committees namely Garuda Bairiya, Malahi, Basbiti Jingadiya, Gedahiguthi, Jayanagar, Mahamadpur and Pothiyahi.
Madhesh Province is a province of Nepal in the Terai region with an area of 9,661 km2 (3,730 sq mi) covering about 6.5% of the country's total area. It has a population of 6,126,288 as per the 2021 Nepal census, making it Nepal's most densely populated province and the smallest province by area. It borders Koshi Pradesh to the east and the north, Bagmati Province to the north, and India’s Bihar state to the south and the west. The border between Chitwan National Park and Parsa National Park acts as the provincial boundary in the west, and the Kosi River forms the provincial border in the east. The province includes eight districts, from Parsa in the west to Saptari in the east.
Nijgadh International Airport is a proposed hub-airport, located in Kolhabi, directly 68 km (42 mi) to the south of Kathmandu, near the town of Nijgadh in Madhesh Federal Province, Nepal. It is targeted to be completed by 2025 with an estimated investment of US$6.7 billion. If constructed, it would be the largest airport in South Asia and the fourth largest airport in the world in terms of land area. The airport is intended to relieve expected capacity restraints at Tribhuvan International Airport (TIA) in Kathmandu.
Department of Railways under Ministry of Physical Infrastructure and Transport is the authority to develop, maintain and plan railways in Nepal. It has its headquarter at Bishalnagar, Kathmandu. Currently it maintains three in-operation railway lines in the country: Raxaul–Sirsiya, Jainagar–Bhangaha and Bathnaha-Budhnagar. It is equivalent to Department of Road for road infrastructure. It has several lines planned.
Bara 3 is one of four parliamentary constituencies of Bara District in Nepal. This constituency came into existence on the Constituency Delimitation Commission (CDC) report submitted on 31 August 2017.
Bara 4 is one of four parliamentary constituencies of Bara District in Nepal. This constituency came into existence on the Constituency Delimitation Commission (CDC) report submitted on 31 August 2017.
Municipal election for Kalaiya took place on 13 May 2022, with all 137 positions up for election across 27 wards. The electorate elected a mayor, a deputy mayor, 27 ward chairs and 108 ward members. An indirect election will also be held to elect five female members and an additional three female members from the Dalit and minority community to the municipal executive.
