John Ludden (geologist)

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John Ludden

Alma mater University of Lancaster (BSc)
University of Manchester (PhD)
Scientific career
Institutions University of Montreal
CNRS
British Geological Survey
Heriot-Watt University
Thesis The petrology of Piton de la Fournaise Volcano, Reunion Island, western Indian Ocean (1976)
Doctoral advisor W.J. Wadsworth and B.F.G. Upton

John Nicholas Ludden CBE FRSE is a British geologist, with expertise in igneous petrology and geochemistry. He was the 19th director of the British Geological Survey from 2006 to 2019, and has been president of the European Geosciences Union and the International Union of Geological Sciences. [1]

Contents

Education

Ludden was educated at the Skinners' School in Royal Tunbridge Wells. From 1970 to 1973 he studied for a BSc in Environmental Sciences at the University of Lancaster, before undertaking a PhD in igneous petrology at the University of Manchester. He completed his doctoral thesis on the petrology of Piton de la Fournaise volcano, Reunion Island, under the supervision of W.J. Wadsworth and Brian Upton. [2]

Career

After completing his PhD, Ludden went to Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in the US as a post-doctoral research fellow. In 1978, he was appointed to a faculty position as associate professor at the Université de Montréal in Canada. In 1984, Ludden was promoted to professor of geochemistry, and was research leader for a part of the Canadian Lithoprobe project, with a focus on the precambrian geology of the Abitibi greenstone belt. [3]

In 1994, Ludden moved to France, as director of the CNRS centre for petrography and geochemistry (CRPG), and director of a research group in Nancy, France. He also taught at ENSG-Nancy. From 2002 to 2006 he was associate director for Earth Sciences for CNRS. [3]

In 2006, Ludden was appointed Director of the British Geological Survey, succeeding David Falvey. He stepped down from this role in 2019, and took up the post of Bicentennial Research Professor at Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, until 2022. [4]

Over the course of his research career, Ludden has published research papers on topics ranging from the evolution of the volcanoes of Reunion island [2] to the geology of the precambrian Canadian shield [5] and the weathering of ocean floor basalts. [6] In 1988, Ludden was co-chief scientist on Leg 123 of the Ocean Drilling Program, to the Argo abyssal plain of the Indian Ocean. [7]

Professional contributions

Ludden has held a number of senior positions in international geoscience associations, including:

In addition, Ludden has also joined the board of the Krafla magma testbed project. [10]

Awards

Ludden is also a Foreign member of the Russian Academy of Sciences [9]

Related Research Articles

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Basalt is an aphanitic (fine-grained) extrusive igneous rock formed from the rapid cooling of low-viscosity lava rich in magnesium and iron exposed at or very near the surface of a rocky planet or moon. More than 90% of all volcanic rock on Earth is basalt. Rapid-cooling, fine-grained basalt is chemically equivalent to slow-cooling, coarse-grained gabbro. The eruption of basalt lava is observed by geologists at about 20 volcanoes per year. Basalt is also an important rock type on other planetary bodies in the Solar System. For example, the bulk of the plains of Venus, which cover ~80% of the surface, are basaltic; the lunar maria are plains of flood-basaltic lava flows; and basalt is a common rock on the surface of Mars.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Volcanologist</span> Scientist who studies volcanoes

A volcanologist, or volcano scientist, is a geologist who focuses on understanding the formation and eruptive activity of volcanoes. Volcanologists frequently visit volcanoes, sometimes active ones, to observe and monitor volcanic eruptions, collect eruptive products including tephra, rock and lava samples. One major focus of inquiry in recent times is the prediction of eruptions to alleviate the impact on surrounding populations and monitor natural hazards associated with volcanic activity. Geologists who research volcanic materials that make up the solid Earth are referred to as igneous petrologists.

Anthony James "Tony" Naldrett, FRSC was an English and Canadian geologist. He was an authority on the geology and origin of nickel-copper-platinum group element deposits, the tectonic setting in which they occur, the petrology of associated rocks, and controls on their composition. He was an expert on the reaction between sulfide and silicate melts, fractional crystallization of sulfide melts, and the role of hydrothermal fluids.

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to geology:

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Volcanism of Eastern Canada</span>

The volcanism of Eastern Canada includes the hundreds of volcanic areas and extensive lava formations in Eastern Canada. The region's different volcano and lava types originate from different tectonic settings and types of volcanic eruptions, ranging from passive lava eruptions to violent explosive eruptions. Eastern Canada has very large volumes of magmatic rock called large igneous provinces. They are represented by deep-level plumbing systems consisting of giant dike swarms, sill provinces and layered intrusions. The most capable large igneous provinces in Eastern Canada are Archean age greenstone belts containing a rare volcanic rock called komatiite.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Basaltic andesite</span> Volcanic rock that is intermediate in composition between basalt and andesite

Basaltic andesite is a volcanic rock that is intermediate in composition between basalt and andesite. It is composed predominantly of augite and plagioclase. Basaltic andesite can be found in volcanoes around the world, including in Central America and the Andes of South America.

Carl Michael Lesher is an American geologist. He is an authority on the geology and origin of nickel-copper-platinum group element deposits, especially those associated with komatiites, their physical volcanology and localization, the geochemistry and petrology of associated rocks, and controls on their composition.

Suzanne Yvette O'Reilly is an Australian professor of geology noted for her pioneering contributions to mapping the deep Earth with an interdisciplinary approach. In 2007, the Royal Society of New South Wales awarded her the Clarke Medal for outstanding contributions to Australian geology. She has over 350 peer-reviewed publications with over 40,000 citations, and has supervised more than 40 PhD students to graduation.

Mihir Kumar Bose (1933–2009) was an Indian geologist and a professor at the Presidency College, Kolkata. He was known for his studies on igneous petrology and was an elected fellow of the Geological Survey of India, Indian National Science Academy, and the Indian Academy of Sciences. The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, the apex agency of the Government of India for scientific research, awarded him the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology, one of the highest Indian science awards for his contributions to Earth, Atmosphere, Ocean and Planetary Sciences in 1976.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mark S. Ghiorso</span> American geochemist

Mark S. Ghiorso is an American geochemist who resides in Seattle, Washington. He is best known for creating MELTS, a software tool for thermodynamic modeling of phase equilibria in magmatic systems.

Marie Edmonds is a professor of volcanology and geology in the Department of Earth Sciences at the University of Cambridge whose research focuses on the physics and chemistry of volcanic eruptions and magmatism and understanding volatile cycling in the solid Earth as mediated by plate tectonics. She is interested in the social and economic impacts of natural hazards; and the sustainable use of Earth's mineral and energy resources. Professor Edmonds is the Vice President and Ron Oxburgh Fellow in Earth Sciences at Queens' College, Cambridge; and the Deputy Head of Department and Director of Research at the Earth Sciences Department, University of Cambridge.

Donald Bruce Dingwell is a Canadian geoscientist who is the director of the Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Ordinarius for Mineralogy and Petrology of the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. He is also currently vice-president of the Academia Europaea. From September 2011 to December 2013 he was the third and last secretary general of the European Research Council (ERC) where he embarked on a global participation campaign for the ERC. He is also a past-President of the European Geosciences Union and the current past-president of the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior (IAVCEI), founded in 1919.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Robert J. Stern</span> American geoscientist based in Texas (born 1951)

Robert James (Bob) Stern is an American geoscientist based in Texas.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Archean felsic volcanic rocks</span> Felsic volcanic rocks formed in the Archean Eon

Archean felsic volcanic rocks are felsic volcanic rocks that were formed in the Archean Eon. The term "felsic" means that the rocks have silica content of 62–78%. Given that the Earth formed at ~4.5 billion year ago, Archean felsic volcanic rocks provide clues on the Earth's first volcanic activities on the Earth's surface started 500 million years after the Earth's formation.

Stanley Robert Hart is an American geologist, geochemist, leading international expert on mantle isotope geochemistry, and pioneer of chemical geodynamics.

The Superior Craton is a stable crustal block covering Quebec, Ontario, and southeast Manitoba in Canada, and northern Minnesota in the United States. It is the biggest craton among those formed during the Archean period. A craton is a large part of the Earth's crust that has been stable and subjected to very little geological changes over a long time. The size of Superior Craton is about 1,572,000 km2. The craton underwent a series of events from 4.3 to 2.57 Ga. These events included the growth, drifting and deformation of both oceanic and continental crusts.

Carol Denison Frost is an American isotope geologist, petrologist and professor. Her primary research focuses on the evolution of the continental crust and granite petrogenesis. She has spent over thirty-five years investigating the geologic history of the Wyoming Province and the formation and geochemical classification of granite. Other contributions include isotopic fingerprinting of natural waters, including water associated with energy production. She served as Director of the Earth Sciences Division, National Science Foundation, from December 2014 to January 2018.

Catherine Chauvel is a geochemist at the Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris known for her research on the impact of volcanic activity on the chemistry of the mantle, continental crust, and island arc geochemistry.

Christoph Breitkreuz is a German geologist, academic, and author. He is an Emeritus Professor of Geology at the Technical University Bergakademie Freiberg. His major contributions and research work are in the area of sedimentology, volcanology, geotectonics, and magmatic petrology. He has co-authored two undergraduate textbooks, titled Grundlagen der Geologie and Entwicklung des Systems Erde. and co-edited a science textbook, titled Physical geology of shallow magmatic systems.

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References

  1. 1 2 "Academy of Europe: Ludden John". www.ae-info.org.
  2. 1 2 Ludden, John N. (August 1, 1978). "Magmatic evolution of the basaltic shield volcanoes of Reunion Island". Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research. 4 (1): 171–198. Bibcode:1978JVGR....4..171L. doi:10.1016/0377-0273(78)90035-5 via ScienceDirect.
  3. 1 2 3 4 "John Ludden". European Geosciences Union (EGU).
  4. "Head of BGS to join Heriot-Watt". www.hw.ac.uk. June 28, 2019.
  5. Ludden, John; Hynes, Andrew (April 2, 2000). "The Lithoprobe Abitibi-Grenville transect: two billion years of crust formation and recycling in the Precambrian Shield of Canada". Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 37 (2–3): 459–476. doi:10.1139/e99-120 via CrossRef.
  6. Ludden, John N.; Thompson, Geoffrey (January 1, 1979). "An evaluation of the behavior of the rare earth elements during the weathering of sea-floor basalt". Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 43 (1): 85–92. Bibcode:1979E&PSL..43...85L. doi:10.1016/0012-821X(79)90157-2 via ScienceDirect.
  7. "123 Initial Reports Table of Contents". www-odp.tamu.edu.
  8. 1 2 "International Association of Geochemistry - Governance". www.iagc-society.org.
  9. 1 2 "Professor appointed President of global geoscience organisation". www.hw.ac.uk. October 30, 2020.
  10. "Introduction by Prof. John Ludden". Archived from the original on 2019-10-19.
  11. "Birthday Honours lists 2016". GOV.UK.
  12. "Professor John Ludden". Royal Society of Edinburgh. Retrieved 2024-01-24.