Julia (Sesame Street)

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Julia
Sesame Street character
Julia (Sesame Street).png
First appearanceSesame Street and Autism: See Amazing in All Children (2015)
Created by ASAN (major consultants)
Portrayed by Stacey Gordon
In-universe information
SpeciesHuman Muppet
GenderFemale
FamilyElena (mother)
Daniel (father)
Samuel (older brother)

Julia is a fictional character on the PBS/HBO children's educational television series Sesame Street . She is known for being the first Sesame Street character diagnosed with autism. Julia is a friendly four-year-old girl who enjoys bonding with her supportive family and her friends on Sesame Street. She first appeared in 2015 in an online autism awareness initiative from Sesame Workshop, entitled Sesame Street and Autism: See Amazing in All Children. Julia later made her first appearance on television series on Episode 4715, which originally aired on April 2, 2017 (World Autism Awareness Day).

Contents

Julia is performed by puppeteer Stacey Gordon, who has a son with autism. Her creation stemmed from Sesame Street staff members with autistic children wanting to add an autistic character to the program. She was initially developed with strong consultation from ASAN (Autistic Self-Advocacy Network). Since her debut Julia has received favorable and positive reception in general. Controversy surrounding Julia emerged in 2019 when she was featured in a series of PSAs for the organization Autism Speaks, prompting ASAN to part ways with Sesame Street.

Role in Sesame Street

Julia is a four-year-old girl with autism, who enjoys various activities including drawing and playing with her stuffed toy rabbit, Fluffster. She is a friendly girl who enjoys bonding with her neurotypical friends on Sesame Street, who often grow in their understanding of autism in the process. She lives with her supportive, well-structured and happy family consisting of her father Daniel (an EMT), her mother Elena (an art teacher), her older brother Samuel and their pet companion dog [1] Rose.

Development

The idea to feature an autistic character came about when writers, with autistic children, were relaying how much their children related to and loved Sesame Street.[ citation needed ] As autism is on a spectrum, behaviors of people in the autistic community vary drastically from person to person. The crew had debated on what autistic traits Julia should embody. [2]

Puppeteer Stacey Gordon assumed the role of Julia, in which she uses her experiences as a mother of an autistic child, as well as her prior work as a rehabilitation specialist, to portray Julia in an authentic way. [3] [4] Julia Bascom of ASAN (Autistic Self Advocacy Network) was a major consultant when Julia was initially being developed. [5] Christine Ferraro, a screenwriter for many Julia-based segments, had an autistic older brother as well. [6]

Earlier appearances

Julia made her first regular appearance on the main television series during episode 4715, which originally aired in the United States on April 2, 2017, a date strategically chosen to coincide with World Autism Awareness Day. Prior to her debut in the television series, a cartoon rendition of Julia appeared in a series of online autism awareness/information pieces from Sesame Workshop. Julia made her first appearance ever on October 21, 2015 in an awareness initiative entitled Sesame Street and Autism: See Amazing in All Children, which was made to provide resources “designed to serve autistic children and their families”. [7] [8]

Julia later appeared in a 2016 Sesame Street digital storybook entitled We're Amazing, 1, 2, 3!, which was also released as part of the See Amazing in All Children initiative. We're Amazing, 1, 2, 3! was written by Leslie Kimmelman, who served as the senior editor of Sesame Street Magazine from 1998 to 2004, and is the parent of an autistic child. It also works to represent the DSM-5 criteria for diagnosed autism ("A. Persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction across multiple contexts; B. Restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities.") designed in a format which a children can easily understand. [9]

In We're Amazing, 1, 2, 3!, Julia is depicted as having difficulty doing multiple things at once, such as talking while swinging on a swing. Julia is shown to communicate in a slightly different manner than other characters her age; requiring questions to be repeated or rephrased, using shortened phrases to express herself, and stimming as a response to heightened emotions. Julia is shown to be easily overwhelmed by outside stimulus, such as loud/excessive sounds, as well as hot liquids. Julia is also shown to have a strong memory, and is able to recall song lyrics easier than her peers. [10]

Subsequent online initiatives, featuring the cartoon rendition of Julia, have since been released after her introduction into the main television series. [11]

Reception

It has been argued that Julia's introduction to Sesame Street opened the doors for international television studios to produce shows with autistic characters, such as BBC's Pablo. Compared to other portrayals of autism in media, Julia's T-Score—a rating of the severity of a child's autistic traits using the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS2)—is much lower than the media average of 66. Her score, 45 is closer to the actual population average, 51. Julia's portrayal of autism goes against a history of media's gross exaggeration of autistic traits, instead showing children a much less stigmatized, more realistic, version of autism. [12] Research has shown that Julia works as a learning tool for parents as well, leading to stronger understanding and greater acceptance of autistic children. [13]

ASAN's departure from Sesame Street

In the Summer of 2019, Julia appeared in a series of PSAs, from the organization Autism Speaks, encouraging parents to have their children screened early for autism. [14] These ads were produced pro bono by the BBDO advertising agency, in partnership with the Ad Council and Sesame Workshop, alongside the aforementioned organization Autism Speaks. [15]

ASAN condemned these PSAs and announced that they had cut all of their ties with Sesame Workshop and the series in a statement released on August 5, 2019. [14] [16] ASAN argued that partnering with Autism Speaks could result in further stigmatization of autistic people and further promote negative misunderstandings of autism in general. ASAN accused Autism Speaks of having a history of misrepresenting autism in an unduly negative manner, saying that Autism Speaks has even equated autism to a "terrible disease". [16] These accusations and similar accusations have been prominently raised against Autism Speaks several times prior to this by various groups and individuals. [17] Before deciding to cut ties, ASAN had tried discussing their opposition to Autism Speaks, repeatedly and in great depth with producers of Sesame Street, in an effort to convince them to reverse their decision. While some of their contacts agreed with some of their points, the decision to move forward with the PSAs was ultimately made. [16]

Autism Speaks chief strategic initiatives and innovation officer, Lisa Goring, stated that the group's goal is "to empower families with the information they need so their child can be successful". [18]

Following their departure from Sesame Street, Julia and her family continue to remain as regular characters on the show and in other media that is associated with the franchise.

Related Research Articles

<i>Sesame Street</i> American childrens television show

Sesame Street is an American educational children's television series that combines live-action, sketch comedy, animation and puppetry. It is produced by Sesame Workshop and was created by Joan Ganz Cooney and Lloyd Morrisett. It is known for its images communicated through the use of Jim Henson's Muppets, and includes short films, with humor and cultural references. It premiered on November 10, 1969, to positive reviews, some controversy, and high viewership. It has aired on the United States national public television provider PBS since its debut, with its first run moving to premium channel HBO on January 16, 2016, then its sister streaming service HBO Max in 2020. Sesame Street is one of the longest-running shows in the world.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sesame Workshop</span> American nonprofit organization and childrens media producer

Sesame Workshop (SW), originally known as the Children's Television Workshop (CTW), is an American nonprofit organization that has been responsible for the production of several educational children's programs—including its first and best-known, Sesame Street—that have been televised internationally. Television producer Joan Ganz Cooney and foundation executive Lloyd Morrisett developed the idea to form an organization to produce Sesame Street, a television series which would help children, especially those from low-income families, prepare for school. They spent two years, from 1966 to 1968, researching, developing, and raising money for the new series. Cooney was named as the Workshop's first executive director, which was termed "one of the most important television developments of the decade."

History of <i>Sesame Street</i>

The preschool educational television program Sesame Street was first aired on public television stations on November 10, 1969, and reached its 54th season in 2023. The history of Sesame Street has reflected changing attitudes to developmental psychology, early childhood education, and cultural diversity. Featuring Jim Henson's Muppets, animation, live shorts, humor and celebrity appearances, it was the first television program of its kind to base its content and production values on laboratory and formative research, and the first to include a curriculum "detailed or stated in terms of measurable outcomes". Initial responses to the show included adulatory reviews, some controversy and high ratings. By its 40th anniversary in 2009, Sesame Street was broadcast in over 120 countries, and 20 independent international versions had been produced. It has won eleven Grammys and over 150 Emmys in its history—more than any other children's show.

<i>Takalani Sesame</i> South African TV series or program

Takalani Sesame is the South African co-production of the children's television program Sesame Street, co-produced by Sesame Workshop and South African partners. The series debuted in 2000 and currently airs on SABC 2.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Autism rights movement</span> Disability rights movement for autistic people

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<i>Sisimpur</i> Bangladeshi TV series or program

Sisimpur is the Bangladeshi co-production of the American children's television series Sesame Street. The show premiered in April 2005 on Bangladesh Television. The series is co-produced by Bangladesh-based Nayantara Communications and Sesame Workshop.

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References

  1. ↑ Rowe, Megan. "Spokane Autism Advocate: Sesame Street Muppet Great for Community". www.spokesman.com. The Spokesman-Review . Retrieved September 2, 2022.
  2. ↑ Suskind, R. (2017). Why the Team Behind Sesame Street Created a Character With Autism. Smithsonian Magazine.https://www.smithsonianmag.com/innovation/ team-sesame-street-created-character-autism-180967218/
  3. ↑ "About Stacey Gordon".
  4. ↑ "Newest "Sesame Street" Muppet has autism: Meet Julia". CBS News . Retrieved December 8, 2017.
  5. ↑ Martinelli, Marissa (April 12, 2017). "An Autism Advocate Explains How She Helped Sesame Street Create Its New Autistic Muppet". Slate Magazine. Retrieved February 15, 2019.
  6. ↑ "Why the Team Behind Sesame Street Created a Character With Autism," Smithsonian Magazine, December 2017.
  7. ↑ "Sesame Workshop Expands Commitment to Autistic Children & Their Families - Sesame Workshop". Sesame Workshop. Retrieved December 8, 2017.
  8. ↑ "Meet Julia | Sesame Street and Autism". Sesame Street and Autism. Retrieved December 8, 2017.
  9. ↑ Porter, Noriko. "Sesame Street to introduce a new Muppet with autism: An initiative aimed to reduce the stigma of autism.”
  10. ↑ Porter, Noriko. "Sesame Street to introduce a new Muppet with autism: An initiative aimed to reduce the stigma of autism.”
  11. ↑ Francis, Lizzy. "Sesame Street Drops New Videos To Help Autistic Kids Cope With COVID-19". Fatherly. Retrieved September 2, 2022.
  12. ↑ Ficarrotta, Sallyann. "Media Portrayals of Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Content Analysis of Julia from Sesame Street using the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS2) and Stigmatizing Frames." 9th Annual GCUA Graduate Research Symposium, 2018.
  13. ↑ Anthony, Bruno J., et al. "Increasing autism acceptance: the impact of the Sesame Street "See Amazing in All Children" initiative." Autism 24.1 (2020): 95-108
  14. 1 2 Matt, Keeley (August 10, 2019). "A Prominent Autism Group Has Cut Ties With 'Sesame Street' Over New PSAs Featuring Autistic Muppet". Newsweek. Retrieved September 1, 2022.
  15. ↑ Ben, Paynter. "Julia, Sesame Street's autistic muppet, has a new campaign to help teach parents about autism". Fast Company. Retrieved September 1, 2022.
  16. 1 2 3 "ASAN Has Ended Partnership With Sesame Street". ASAN. August 5, 2019. Retrieved September 1, 2022.
  17. ↑ Cirruzzo, Chelsea (August 9, 2019). "Pointing to harmful messaging, autism organization ends partnership with Sesame Workshop". current. Retrieved September 1, 2022.
  18. ↑ Bever, Lindsey. "How a 'Sesame Street' Muppet became embroiled in a controversy over autism". The Washington Post . Retrieved September 1, 2022.
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