Prior to serving in the legislature,Mannix worked in several different capacities,including Assistant Attorney General of Oregon,Assistant Attorney General of Guam,and a law clerk to the Oregon Court of Appeals.[1]
Mannix was elected to the Oregon House of Representatives five times beginning in 1988.[2] From 1989 through 1996,Mannix served in the Oregon House of Representatives as a Democrat.[1] In 1997,he became a Republican and was appointed to the Oregon State Senate.[1] He was elected back into the Oregon House in November 1998 and served through 2000.[1]
Ballot measure advocacy
Mannix is a driving force behind the effort to get tougher sentences for criminals. In 1994,he authored Ballot Measure 11,which established mandatory minimum sentences for violent crimes,including murder,manslaughter,serious assault,kidnapping,rape,sodomy,unlawful sexual penetration,sexual abuse,and robbery. This measure has also now been used to set automatic sentencing on accidental deaths due to addiction issues. A companion measure,Measure 10,also passed,amending the Oregon Constitution to provide that any criminal sentence established by a vote of the people cannot be reduced by the legislature except with a two-thirds vote of both houses. A third successful Mannix measure,Measure 17,amended the Oregon Constitution to establish a new section which requires that state prison inmates work full-time in useful work. This also allowed work time to include education courses,counseling,and job training.[citation needed]
In 1996,Mannix brought Ballot Measure 40 to the ballot. This contained several victims' rights and anti-crime provisions. The effects of these Measures is to set the primary locus of control in sentencing decisions with victims and prosecutors. Measure 40 passed by a margin of 59% to 41%,but was overturned by the Oregon Supreme Court in Armatta v. Kitzhaber,327 Or. 250,959 P.2d 49 (1998) on the grounds that it contained more than one amendment to the Oregon Constitution and should have been subject to separate votes on each provision.[citation needed]
Measure 40 returned to voters by legislative referral (engineered by Representative Mannix) as Measures 69–75 in November 1999. Of the seven referral measures four were passed by voters,which granted crime victims the right to be present during trial,to be consulted regarding plea bargains and to be heard at sentencing;limited the pre-trial release of violent criminals by authorizing courts to consider the safety of victims and the public;required that any term of imprisonment imposed by a court to be fully served,with the exception of the governor's clemency power;and prohibited felons from serving on grand juries and criminal trial juries.[citation needed]
In 2008,Mannix helped lead a citizen initiative effort for Measure 61 which would have created mandatory minimum prison sentences for certain theft,identity theft,forgery,drug and burglary crimes. This measure was trumped by Measure 57,a legislative referral which avoided mandatory minimum sentences in favor of increased sentences for drug trafficking,theft against the elderly,and certain repeat property and identity theft crimes.[citation needed]
Another citizen initiative effort led by Mannix in 2010,Measure 73,was approved. This measure provided a mandatory minimum prison sentence of 25 years for repeat convictions of the worst sex crimes and required a minimum sentence of 90 days in jail,with costs reimbursed to the county by the state,for persons with a third DUII conviction within 10 years.[citation needed]
In 2012,Measure 84,an effort to repeal Oregon's estate tax,was also supported by Mannix but was defeated.[citation needed]
For the Oregon 2014 general election,Mannix,and Common Sense For Oregon,[3] are supporting several initiatives including No Taxes on Family Giving [4] and the Oregon Castle Doctrine.[5]
Runs for statewide office
In 1996,Mannix ran for Oregon Attorney General as a Democrat.[6] At the last minute,Hardy Myers was recruited by Democrats to run against Mannix in the Democratic primary,as some felt Mannix was too conservative for their party. Myers defeated Mannix in the primary 62.8% to 36.8%. Myers went on to easily defeat his Republican opponent in the November general election. Mannix changed his party affiliation to Republican the following year,1997. He was appointed to the state Senate in 1997.
In 2000,Mannix ran as a Republican for State Attorney General,winning the GOP nomination and facing Myers in a bitter campaign. Myers again defeated Mannix 49.8% to 46.2%. Libertarian candidate Tom Cox received 4.0%. There is the possibility that Cox siphoned off votes from Mannix,although it's far from certain that enough of them would have supported him to deny Myers victory.
In 2002,Mannix ran for governor.[6] In the Republican primary,he defeated former Labor CommissionerJack Roberts and Portland attorney and school board chair Ron Saxton. He went on to run against Democrat Ted Kulongoski. Kulongoski won 49% of the vote versus 46% for Mannix. Libertarian candidate Tom Cox received 5% –a margin which many observe could have swung the election,had those votes gone to Mannix. The defeat also marked the fifth time in a row the Republicans failed to gain control of the governor's mansion.
In 2006,Mannix ran again for the Republican nomination for governor. He finished second in the primary with 30% of the vote,behind Saxton,who won the nomination with 43%,and ahead of state senator Jason Atkinson,who received 22%. Mannix was opposed in the primary by the Confederated Tribes of Grand Ronde,who spent $800,000 opposing the Columbia Gorge casino in the 2006 Democratic and Republican primaries.[7] Saxton,widely considered more moderate than Mannix,[8] went on to lose the general election in May to incumbent Kulongoski by an 8.1% margin.
Mannix serves as president for several organizations,including the Oregon Anti-Crime Alliance,which he founded in 2008,[10] and Common Sense For Oregon,which he founded in 2009.[10] He is a member of the board of directors for the Salem Catholic Schools Foundation,a role he has served since 1985,and has been president of the foundation since 2000.[11]
Mannix was a founder and has served as chairman of the board of directors for Blanchet Catholic School in Salem since it opened in 1995,[12] is a member of the Knights of Columbus [13] and has been a member of Rotary International since 1982.[14]
Mannix has served on the national board of directors for Life Directions[15] and the Salem Chamber of Commerce board of directors from 2007 to 2013.[16]
Mannix is also a board member,and vice president,of the Johann Strauss Society of America Foundation.[17] This organization was founded in 2013 and is dedicated to supporting the music heritage of Johann Strauss.
Funding
Mannix's main financial donor in his political career is Loren Parks,a businessman who is currently a resident of Nevada. Loren Parks has contributed over $4 million to Mannix's political efforts since 1994.[18]
Theodore Ralph Kulongoski is an American politician,judge,and lawyer who served as the 36th Governor of Oregon from 2003 to 2011. A member of the Democratic Party,he served in both houses of the Oregon Legislative Assembly and also served as the state Insurance Commissioner. He was the Attorney General of Oregon from 1993 to 1997 and a justice of the Oregon Supreme Court from 1997 to 2001. Kulongoski has served in all three branches of the Oregon state government.
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Hardy Myers was an American lawyer and Democratic politician who served three terms as the 15th attorney general of the state of Oregon,United States. Prior to taking office in 1997,he served from 1975 to 1985 in the Oregon House of Representatives,the last four of those years as its speaker,and was also a Metro councilor and chaired the Oregon Criminal Justice Council.
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