Kon Tum

Last updated
Kon Tum
Thành phố Kon Tum
Kon Tum City
Nha rong Kon Klor Kon Tum.png
Rông House Kon Klor
Kon Tum
Vietnam location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Kon Tum
Location in Vietnam
Coordinates: 14°21′42″N108°0′30″E / 14.36167°N 108.00833°E / 14.36167; 108.00833
CountryFlag of Vietnam.svg  Vietnam
Province Kon Tum
Area
  Total432.9815 km2 (167.1751 sq mi)
Elevation
[1]
525 m (1,722 ft)
Population
 (2019)
  Total172,712
  Density358/km2 (930/sq mi)
Climate Aw

Kon Tum City is the capital city of Kon Tum Province in Vietnam. It is located inland in the Central Highlands region of Vietnam, near the borders of Laos and Cambodia.

Contents

Historically, this area has been inhabited by the indigenous Ba Na people, which led to the name Kon Tum, meaning "Village by the Lake" in the Ba Na language. Its unique location features flat and fertile land, enriched by the Dak Bla River, and a convergence of various ethnic groups over time. Among these, the Kinh people, hailing from provinces such as Quang Nam, Quang Ngai, and Binh Dinh, have settled here. In the years 1841-1850, French missionaries, en route to the Central Highlands, established the first Christian mission in this region. By 1893, the colonial French authorities established the Kon Tum administrative agency, headed by Father Vialleton, and from that point, the name Kon Tum became officially used. Subsequently, the provincial administrative unit adopted this name. Kon Tum City, once a sparsely populated and desolate area, has evolved into a hub for settlement, commerce, and governance throughout the province's rich history. Currently, Kon Tum City holds the status of City (Class-2).

Geography

Kon Tum City is situated in the southern part of Kon Tum Province, within a basin landscape at an elevation of approximately 525 meters above sea level. It is encircled by the Dak Bla River valley. The city is located 654 kilometers north of Ho Chi Minh City, 292 kilometers south of Da Nang, and 1,237 kilometers south of the capital Hanoi. Additionally, it is 50 kilometers from Pleiku and 229 kilometers from Buon Ma Thuot. Kon Tum City shares its geographical boundaries as follows:

The city covers an area of 433 square kilometers and had a population of 205,762 [2] people in the year 2021, with a population density of 475 people per square kilometer.

In 2019, Kon Tum City had a land area of 432.98 square kilometers and a population of 168,264 people. Among these, 102,051 residents lived in urban areas, constituting 61% of the population, while 66,213 people resided in rural areas, making up the remaining 39%. The population density in the city was approximately 389 people per square kilometer.

Kon Tum City is home to 20 different ethnic groups living together.

History

After the People's Army of Vietnam invaded South Vietnam on March 30, 1972 during the Easter Offensive, two divisions attempted to capture Kon Tum, but failed. In March 1975, however, Kon Tum was overrun during the Ho Chi Minh Campaign and large numbers of refugees were forced to flee east to the south central coast.

Kon Tum has several vestiges of the French colonial period, as well as several tribal villages directly in the suburbs of the Vietnamese-reconstructed town. Among the town's landmarks, there is a Roman Catholic wooden church on discrete stilts and a large French-built seminary which hosts a small museum on local hill tribes. French missionary presence in Kon Tum traces back to 1851.

Climate

Kon Tum has a tropical savanna climate (Köppen Aw) with a wet season from April to November, a dry season from November to April, and consistently very warm-to-hot temperatures with high-to-oppressive humidity year-round.

Climate data for Kon Tum
MonthJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecYear
Record high °C (°F)35.5
(95.9)
38.2
(100.8)
39.8
(103.6)
39.5
(103.1)
39.5
(103.1)
35.6
(96.1)
34.2
(93.6)
34.0
(93.2)
34.5
(94.1)
35.0
(95.0)
33.7
(92.7)
35.1
(95.2)
39.8
(103.6)
Average high °C (°F)28.0
(82.4)
30.3
(86.5)
32.4
(90.3)
33.2
(91.8)
31.7
(89.1)
29.8
(85.6)
29.1
(84.4)
28.9
(84.0)
29.1
(84.4)
29.1
(84.4)
28.1
(82.6)
27.0
(80.6)
29.7
(85.5)
Daily mean °C (°F)21.1
(70.0)
22.8
(73.0)
24.8
(76.6)
25.9
(78.6)
25.7
(78.3)
25.0
(77.0)
24.5
(76.1)
24.2
(75.6)
24.0
(75.2)
23.6
(74.5)
22.6
(72.7)
21.1
(70.0)
23.8
(74.8)
Average low °C (°F)15.6
(60.1)
16.9
(62.4)
19.3
(66.7)
21.3
(70.3)
22.1
(71.8)
22.2
(72.0)
21.9
(71.4)
21.8
(71.2)
21.4
(70.5)
20.1
(68.2)
18.5
(65.3)
16.5
(61.7)
19.8
(67.6)
Record low °C (°F)4.9
(40.8)
5.9
(42.6)
8.5
(47.3)
13.3
(55.9)
15.9
(60.6)
13.9
(57.0)
16.9
(62.4)
17.8
(64.0)
16.3
(61.3)
11.9
(53.4)
8.9
(48.0)
5.9
(42.6)
4.9
(40.8)
Average precipitation mm (inches)1.0
(0.04)
7.0
(0.28)
39.6
(1.56)
97.3
(3.83)
237.2
(9.34)
257.0
(10.12)
314.1
(12.37)
336.1
(13.23)
313.1
(12.33)
180.3
(7.10)
58.0
(2.28)
8.0
(0.31)
1,854.7
(73.02)
Average rainy days0.51.14.79.418.221.224.225.622.313.86.11.5148.3
Average relative humidity (%)70.868.368.271.778.783.685.186.585.781.276.773.377.2
Mean monthly sunshine hours 269.3253.6264.8235.6203.6152.6138.6127.4125.9181.5208.1241.72,569.6
Source 1: Vietnam Institute for Building Science and Technology [3]
Source 2: The Yearbook of Indochina (1932-1933) [4]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Montagnard (Vietnam)</span> Indigenous people of the Central Highlands of Vietnam

Montagnard is an umbrella term for the various indigenous peoples of the Central Highlands of Vietnam. The French term Montagnard ( ) signifies a mountain dweller, and is a carryover from the French colonial period in Vietnam. In Vietnamese, they are known by the term người Thượng, although this term can also be applied to other minority ethnic groups in Vietnam. In modern Vietnam, both terms are archaic, and indigenous ethnic groups are referred to as đồng bào or người dân tộc thiểu số. Earlier they were referred to pejoratively as the mọi. Sometimes the term Degar is used for the group as well. Most of those living in the United States refer to themselves as Montagnards, while those living in Vietnam refer to themselves by their individual ethnic group.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Provinces of Vietnam</span>

On the first tier, Vietnam is divided into fifty-eight provinces (tỉnh) and five municipalities under the command of the central government. Municipalities are the highest-ranked cities in Vietnam. Municipalities are centrally-controlled cities and have special status equal to the provinces.

Articles related to Vietnam and Vietnamese culture include:

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Đắk Lắk province</span> Province of Vietnam

Đắk Lắk is a central mountainous province in the Central Highlands region, the Central of Vietnam. It borders Gia Lai to the north, Phú Yên and Khánh Hòa to the east, Lâm Đồng and Đắk Nông to the south, and Mondulkiri of Cambodia to the west.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kon Tum province</span> Province of Vietnam

Kon Tum is the northernmost mountainous province in the Central Highlands region, the Central of Vietnam. It borders Quảng Nam to the north, Gia Lai to the south, Quảng Ngãi to the east, Sekong, Attapeu of Laos and Ratanakiri of Cambodia in the west.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Đăk Tô district</span> District in Kon Tum, Vietnam

Đăk Tô is a rural district of Kon Tum province in Central Highlands region of Vietnam.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Quảng Ngãi province</span> Province of Vietnam

Quảng Ngãi is a northern coastal province in the South Central Coast region, the Central of Vietnam. It borders Quảng Nam to the north, Bình Định to the south, Kon Tum to the west, Gia Lai to the southwest and the East Sea to the east.

Biên Hòa is the capital city of Đồng Nai Province, Vietnam and part of the Ho Chi Minh City metropolitan area and located to the northwest of Ho Chi Minh City, to which Biên Hòa is linked by Vietnam Highway 1. Classified as a class-1 provincial city, it is the sixth largest city in Vietnam by population.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Central Highlands (Vietnam)</span> Mountainous region of Vietnam

The Central Highlands, South Central Highlands, Western Highlands or Midland Highlands is a region located in the south central part of Vietnam. It contains the provinces of Đắk Lắk, Đắk Nông, Gia Lai, Kon Tum, and Lâm Đồng.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Quảng Bình province</span> Province of Vietnam

Quảng Bình is a southern coastal province in the North Central Coast region, the Central of Vietnam. It borders Hà Tĩnh to the north, Quảng Trị to the south, Khammouane of Laos to the west and the East Sea to the east.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gia Lai province</span> Province of Vietnam

Gia Lai is a northern mountainous province in the Central Highlands region, the Central of Vietnam. It borders Kon Tum in the north, Quảng Ngãi in the northeast, Bình Định in the east, Phú Yên in the southeast, Đắk Lắk in the south and Ratanakiri of Cambodia in the west.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">South Central Coast</span> Region of Vietnam

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ho Chi Minh City metropolitan area</span> Place in Vietnam

Ho Chi Minh City metropolitan area is a metropolitan area that was in June 2008 proposed by the Ministry of Construction of Vietnam to the Government of Vietnam for approval. According to this master plan, this metropolitan area will include provinces around Ho Chi Minh City in the Southeast region and 2 provinces in the Mekong Delta region.

The Bahnar language or Ba-Na language is a Central Bahnaric language. It has nine vowel qualities and phonemic vowel length.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cao Bằng province</span> Province of Vietnam

Cao Bằng ( ) is a province of the Northeast region of Vietnam. The province has borders with Hà Giang, Tuyên Quang, Bắc Kạn, and Lạng Sơn provinces within Vietnam. It also has a common international border with Guangxi province in China. The province covers 6,724.6 square kilometres, and, as of 2019, its population was 530,341 people.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">National Assembly Building of Vietnam</span> Government building in Hanoi

The National Assembly Building of Vietnam, also known as the New Ba Đình Hall, is a public building located on Ba Đình Square across from the Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum in Hanoi, Vietnam. Construction started on October 12, 2009, and finished on October 20, 2014. The building is used by the National Assembly of Vietnam for its sessions and other official functions.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">North–South Expressway West</span> Road in Vietnam

The North–South Expressway West is a partially completed expressway in Vietnam that will form an inland parallel route to the North–South expressway. It will run from Đoan Hùng to Rạch Sỏi in the Mekong Delta, following a similar route to the historic Ho Chi Minh Highway. Between Hà Tĩnh and Da Nang, the narrowest part of Vietnam, it will be concurrent with the North–South Expressway.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Domain of the Crown</span> Historical territory in Vietnam

The Domain of the Crown was originally the Nguyễn dynasty's geopolitical concept for its protectorates and principalities where the ethnic Kinh did not make up the majority, later it became a type of administrative unit of the State of Vietnam. It was officially established on 15 April 1950. In the areas of the Domain of the Crown, the Chief of State Bảo Đại was still officially titled as the "Emperor of the Nguyễn dynasty".

The Siege of Dak Doa was a military event which took place between 11 and 17 February 1954 during the First Indochina War between elements of a French battle group - Groupement Mobile No. 100 and the Việt Minh. After a seven-day siege the Việt Minh overran and wiped out an outlying French position at Đắk Đoa near Kon Tum.

References

  1. Vietnam City Maps 1:12,500, Series L909, Edition 4-DMATC, Defense Mapping Agency, Washington, 1972.
  2. dựng, Báo Xây (2022-11-25). "Thẩm định Đề án đề nghị công nhận thành phố Kon Tum, tỉnh Kon Tum là đô thị loại II". Báo Xây dựng (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 2023-10-15.
  3. "Vietnam Institute for Building Science and Technology" (PDF).
  4. The Yearbook of Indochina (1932-1933)