Kreis Rawitsch (Polish : Powiat rawicki ) was a district in Regierungsbezirk Posen, in the Prussian province of Posen, which existed from 1887 to 1920, with its capital at Rawitsch. Today, the territory of this district lies in the southern part of the Greater Poland Voivodeship in Poland.
On October 1, 1887, the district of Kröben was bifurcated to form the new districts of Rawitsch and Gostyn. The town of Rawitsch became the capital of the Rawitsch district.
On December 27, 1918, the Greater Poland uprising against German rule began in the province of Posen, and the north-eastern part of the Rawitsch district was under Polish control after just a few days. The south-western part around Rawitsch and Bojanowo remained under German control.
On February 16, 1919, an armistice ended the Polish-German fighting, and on June 28, 1919, the German government officially ceded the Rawitsch district to the newly founded Poland with the signing of the Treaty of Versailles. On November 25, 1919, Germany and Poland concluded an agreement on the evacuation and surrender of the areas to be ceded, which was ratified on January 10, 1920. The evacuation of the remaining area under German control including the district town of Rawitsch and the handover to Poland took place between January 17 and February 4, 1920.
According to the Prussian census of 1910, Kreis Rawitsch had a population of 50,523, of which 42% were Germans and 58% were Poles. [1] A large part of the German population left the district after 1919, when it became part of Poland.
The district consisted of the following communities: [2]
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The Frontier March of Posen–West Prussia was a province of Prussia from 1920/1922 to 1938, covering most of lands of historical Greater Poland that were not included in the Second Polish Republic. Posen–West Prussia was established in 1922 as a province of the Free State of Prussia within Weimar Germany, formed from merging three remaining non-contiguous territories of Posen and West Prussia, which had lost the majority of their territory to the Second Polish Republic following the Greater Poland Uprising. From 1934, Posen–West Prussia was de facto ruled by Brandenburg until it was dissolved by Nazi Germany, effective 1 October 1938 and its territory divided between the provinces of Pomerania, Brandenburg and Silesia. Schneidemühl was the provincial capital. Today, lands of the province are entirely contained within Poland.
Kreis Birnbaum was a district in Prussia (Kreis) in the west of the Grand Duchy of Posen and the succeeding Province of Posen, as part of Regierungsbezirk Posen between 1815 and 1920. Today the area belongs to the Polish voivodeships of Greater Poland and Lubusz.
The district of Bomst was a Prussian district which existed from 1793 to 1807 in the province of South Prussia and from 1815 to 1938 successively in the Grand Duchy of Posen, the Province of Posen and the Frontier March of Posen-West Prussia. The district capital was Wollstein.
Kreis Koschmin was a district in Regierungsbezirk Posen, in the Prussian Province of Posen from 1887 to 1919. Today, the territory of this district lies in the southern part of the Greater Poland Voivodeship in Poland.
Kreis Lissa was a district in Regierungsbezirk Posen, in the Prussian province of Posen from 1887 to 1920. Its territory presently lies in the southern part of the Greater Poland Voivodeship in Poland.
Kreis Neutomischel was a district in the southern administrative region of Posen, in the Prussian province of Posen from 1887 to 1919. It presently lies in the western part of Polish region of Greater Poland Voivodeship. The district was formed in 1887, when Kreis Buk was bifurcated.
Kreis Samter was a district in Regierungsbezirk Posen, in the Prussian Province of Posen from 1818 to 1918. Its territory presently lies in the north-western part of Polish region of Greater Poland Voivodeship.
Kreis Schrimm was a district in the southern administrative region of Posen, in the Prussian province of Posen. The district capital was Schrimm. Its territory presently lies in the southern part of the Greater Poland Voivodeship in Poland.
Kreis Wreschen was a county in the southern administrative district of Posen, in the Prussian province of Posen. It presently lies in the eastern part of Polish region of Greater Poland Voivodeship.
The Bromberg district was a Prussian district that existed from 1772 to 1807 and then from 1815 to 1920. It initially belonged to the Netze District and from 1815 it was part of Regierungsbezirk Bromberg in the Grand Duchy of Posen and from 1848, the Prussian Province of Posen. The city of Bromberg was detached from the district and formed its own urban district since 1875. Today, the territory of the district is part of the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship in Poland.
Kreis Czarnikau was one of many Kreise (counties) in Regierungsbezirk Bromberg, in the Prussian Province of Posen. It existed from 1816 to 1920 and had its capital at Czarnikau. Today, the area of this district belongs to Poland and is part of the Greater Poland Voivodeship.
Kreis Hohensalza ([ˌhoːənˈzalt͡sa]) was one of many Kreise (districts) in the northern administrative region of Bromberg, in the Prussian province of Posen from 1815 to 1919. Its capital was Hohensalza (Inowrocław).
The Kreis Kolmar in Posen was a district in the northern government region of Bromberg, in the Prussian Province of Posen, from 1818 to 1920. The district capital was Kolmar in Posen.
Kreis Mogilno was one of many Kreise (counties) in the northern administrative region of Bromberg, in the Prussian province of Posen, from 1815 to 1919. Its capital was Mogilno.
Kreis Strelno was a district in Regierungsbezirk Bromberg in the Prussian Province of Posen, from 1886 to 1919.
Kreis Wirsitz was one of 14 or 15 Kreise in the northern administrative district of Bromberg, in the Prussian province of Posen. The county existed with essentially the same boundaries beginning in 1815 as a German Kreise then from 1919 as a Polish Powiat until 1975. Its administrative center was the town of Wyrzysk (Wirsitz). The county contained additional municipalities such as Bialosliwie, Lobzenica (Lobsens), Miasteczko Krajeńskie (Friedheim), Mrocza (Mrotschen), Nakło nad Notecią (Nakel), Sadki and Wysoka (Wissek) plus over 100 villages. Many villages that had Germanic names were changed to completely different Polish names following World War II, such as Radzicz. In 1954 the central government abolished the commune as the smallest unit of government, dividing the county into 28 clusters. In 1973 municipalities were restored. After the administrative reform of 1975, the territory of the county was divided between the new (lower) region of Bydgoszcz and the region Piła. The territory of the defunct county was annexed by Naklo County, Kujavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship and Pila County, Greater Poland Voivodeship. Wyrzysk was incorporated into Piła County.
Kreis Wongrowitz was one of several districts in the northern administrative region of Bromberg, in the Prussian province of Posen.
The Province of Posen was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia from 1848 to 1920, occupying most of the historical Greater Poland. The province was established following the Poznań Uprising of 1848 as a successor to the Grand Duchy of Posen, which in turn was annexed by Prussia in 1815 from Duchy of Warsaw. It became part of the German Empire in 1871. After World War I, Posen was briefly part of the Free State of Prussia within Weimar Germany, but was dissolved in 1920 when the Greater Poland Uprising broke out and most of its territory was incorporated into the Second Polish Republic. The remaining German territory was re-organized into Posen-West Prussia in 1922.
The district of Thorn was a Prussian district in the Marienwerder administrative region that existed from 1818 to 1920. It belonged to the province of West Prussia, except for the period from 1829 to 1878 when it was part of the Province of Prussia. Its capital was Thorn. It was in the part of West Prussia that fell to Poland after World War I in 1920 through the Treaty of Versailles. From 1939 to 1945, the district of Thorn was re-established in Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia in occupied Poland. Today, the area of the district is in the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship in Poland.
The Fraustadt district was Prussian district which existed in various borders from 1793 to 1945. From 1793 to 1807, it was located in the Province of South Prussia, from 1815 to 1848 in the Grand Duchy of Posen, from 1848 to 1920 in the Province of Posen, from 1922 to 1938, in the Province of Posen-West Prussia, from 1938 to 1941 in the Province of Silesia, and from 1941 to 1945 in the Province of Lower Silesia.
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