La Louvière (French pronunciation: [laluvjɛʁ] ⓘ ; Walloon : El Lovire) is a city and municipality of Wallonia located in the province of Hainaut, Belgium.
The municipality consists of the following districts: Boussoit, Haine-Saint-Paul, Haine-Saint-Pierre, Houdeng-Aimeries, Houdeng-Gœgnies, La Louvière, Maurage, Saint-Vaast, Strépy-Bracquegnies, and Trivières.
La Louvière is the capital of the Centre region, a former coal mining area in the Sillon industriel , between the Borinage to the West and the Pays Noir to the East.
The legend of a mother wolf nursing a child at La Louvière is reminiscent of the mythical birth of Rome. The true origin of the city, however, dates from the 12th century. At that time, the forested, and presumably wolf-infested, territory of today’s La Louvière was named Menaulu, from the Old French meaning “wolf’s lair”. This land was part of the larger community of Saint-Vaast, which itself belonged to the Aulne Abbey.
By 1284, the name of the territory had been translated into Latin, then back into French to its current name of La Louvière. The lords of Saint-Vaast encouraged prospecting on their land, which led to the first extraction of coal in the year 1390. The abbey’s refusal to provide necessary infrastructure, however, delayed large-scale development until the 18th century.
In the 19th century, the construction of roads, canals, and railways finally allowed the local coal production to be exported. Investments also poured into the local industry to take advantage of the abundant source of energy. La Louvière quickly surpassed its overlord Saint-Vaast, both in population and economic wealth. Within fifty years, the territory that was not much more than a place name had become one of the most important cities in Wallonia. La Louvière was recognized as an independent city in 1869. Today, La Louvière is still the fifth largest city in Wallonia, after Charleroi, Liège, Namur, and Mons.
La Louvière has an oceanic climate typical of Belgium with moderated seasons even for its inland position at 50° latitude, as a result of Gulf Stream influence.
Climate data for La Louvière (1981–2010 normals, sunshine 1984–2013) | |||||||||||||
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Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 5.5 (41.9) | 6.5 (43.7) | 10.2 (50.4) | 14.0 (57.2) | 18.1 (64.6) | 20.7 (69.3) | 23.2 (73.8) | 22.9 (73.2) | 19.2 (66.6) | 14.8 (58.6) | 9.5 (49.1) | 6.0 (42.8) | 14.2 (57.6) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 2.9 (37.2) | 3.3 (37.9) | 6.3 (43.3) | 9.1 (48.4) | 13.1 (55.6) | 15.8 (60.4) | 18.1 (64.6) | 17.7 (63.9) | 14.6 (58.3) | 10.9 (51.6) | 6.5 (43.7) | 3.5 (38.3) | 10.1 (50.2) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 0.3 (32.5) | 0.1 (32.2) | 2.5 (36.5) | 4.3 (39.7) | 8.2 (46.8) | 11.0 (51.8) | 13.0 (55.4) | 12.6 (54.7) | 10.0 (50.0) | 7.1 (44.8) | 3.5 (38.3) | 1.2 (34.2) | 6.2 (43.2) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 76.8 (3.02) | 63.5 (2.50) | 74.6 (2.94) | 53.5 (2.11) | 72.7 (2.86) | 78.6 (3.09) | 76.3 (3.00) | 80.0 (3.15) | 65.0 (2.56) | 76.7 (3.02) | 77.4 (3.05) | 80.9 (3.19) | 876.0 (34.49) |
Average precipitation days | 13.2 | 11.4 | 13.4 | 10.4 | 11.9 | 11.4 | 10.5 | 10.7 | 10.9 | 11.4 | 13.4 | 13.4 | 142.1 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 53 | 73 | 118 | 169 | 200 | 194 | 212 | 202 | 145 | 115 | 64 | 44 | 1,588 |
Source: Royal Meteorological Institute [2] |
The Carnival of La Louvière is called Laetare, after the Latin verb meaning “to enjoy” (the introit at mass on the fourth Sunday of Lent begins Laetare Jerusalem, Rejoice Jerusalem). It lasts three days, Sunday to Tuesday, and takes place in the middle of Lent. The Gilles are out on all three days, stomping to the rhythm of their music and distributing oranges to the passers-by. Giant puppets and various other groups also take part in the parades and festivities. Typical of La Louvière’s celebrations is the so-called Brûlage des Bosses (“burning of the humps”), where a puppet dressed as a Gilles is burnt to symbolize the end of carnival and beginning of a new life.
La Louvière used to have a top level football club in Belgian First Division: RAA Louviéroise. They won the Belgian Cup in 2003. the club no longer exists as it merged into a team based in another city and its La Louvière playground is now the home of third division semi-amateur club UR La Louvière Centre.
Wallonia, officially the Walloon Region, is one of the three regions of Belgium—along with Flanders and Brussels. Covering the southern portion of the country, Wallonia is primarily French-speaking. It accounts for 55% of Belgium's territory, but only a third of its population. The Walloon Region and the French Community of Belgium, which is the political entity responsible for matters related mainly to culture and education, are independent concepts, because the French Community of Belgium encompasses both Wallonia and the bilingual Brussels-Capital Region but not the German-speaking Community of Belgium, which administers nine municipalities in Eastern Wallonia.
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The Haine is a river in southern Belgium (Hainaut) and northern France (Nord), right tributary of the river Scheldt. The Haine gave its name to the County of Hainaut, and the present province of Hainaut. Its source is in Anderlues, Belgium. As the western end of the sillon industriel, Wallonia's industrial backbone, it flows through the heavily industrialized Borinage region, notably the towns La Louvière, Mons and Saint-Ghislain. A few kilometres after crossing the border into France, the Haine flows into the Scheldt in Condé-sur-l'Escaut. Its length within Belgium is 72 km (45 mi) and the Belgian part of its drainage basin is 802 km2 (310 sq mi).
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The history of Wallonia, from prehistoric times to the present day, is that of a territory which, since 1970, has approximately coincided with the territory of Wallonia, a federated component of Belgium, which also includes the smaller German-speaking Community of Belgium. Wallonia is the name colloquially given to the Walloon Region. The French word Wallonie comes from the term Wallon, itself coming from Walh. Walh is a very old Germanic word used to refer to a speaker of Celtic or Latin.
Union Royale La Louvière Centre is a Belgian association football club based in La Louvière, in the province of Hainaut. Created in 1922 and the team currently play in Belgian Division 2, the fourth tier of Belgian football.
Strépy-Bracquegnies is a village in Wallonia, Belgium. It is a district of the municipality of La Louvière in the province of Hainaut. It is around 6 km west of the centre of La Louvière, and around 50 km south-west of Brussels.
The Bois-du-Luc was a coal mine in Houdeng-Aimeries, near La Louvière, in Belgium which today is preserved as an industrial heritage site. As well as the site of the headquarters of the Société des Charbonnages de Bois-du-Luc et d'Havre, the Bois du Luc was the site of the Saint Emmanuel Pit which belonged to the company. The Fosse Saint-Emmanuel was one of the oldest mines in Belgium, with recorded activity dating back to 1685. The company ceased mining in 1973.
The Laetare of Stavelot is a traditional carnival that occurs every Laetare Sunday in Stavelot, Liège Province, Belgium. This tradition, in Belgium's Wallonia region, is also known for its principal attraction: the "Blancs Moussis".
Sart-lez-Spa is a village of Wallonia and a district of the municipality of Jalhay, located in the province of Liège, Belgium.
Trivières is a village of Wallonia and a district of the municipality of La Louvière, located in the province of Hainaut, Belgium.
Houdeng-Aimeries is a village of Wallonia and a district of the municipality of La Louvière, located in the province of Hainaut, Belgium.
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