La Mancha (Spanish pronunciation: [laˈmantʃa] ) is a natural and historical region in the Spanish provinces of Albacete, Cuenca, Ciudad Real, Guadalajara, and Toledo. It is a fertile plateau (610 m or 2000 ft) that stretches from the mountains of Toledo to the western spurs of the Cuenca hills, bordered to the south by the Sierra Morena and to the north by the Alcarria. [1] The La Mancha historical comarca constitutes the southern portion of Castilla-La Mancha autonomous community and makes up most of the present-day administrative region.
The name La Mancha is probably derived from the Arabic word المنشأ al-mansha, meaning "land without water". The name of the city of Almansa in Albacete shares that origin. [2] The name describes the region's dryland farming soils.
Another etymology ascribes the origin of La Mancha to المانيا al-manya, which is an Arabic expression for "elevated plain" or "high plateau". [3]
The word mancha in Spanish literally means spot, stain, or patch. Unless the scarce or "patchy" vegetation cover is considered, no apparent link exists between the Spanish false cognate mancha and the name of the region.
Besides phonetic similarity, there is no relationship between the toponym La Mancha and the French thalassonym La Manche, which refers to the English Channel and denotes the sleeve-shaped form of that stretch of sea.[ citation needed ] However, Canal de la Mancha is the Spanish name for the English Channel, and manga is the Spanish word for sleeve.
The largest plain in Spain, La Mancha is made up of a plateau averaging 500 to 600 metres in altitude (although it reaches 900 metres in Campo de Montiel and other parts), centering on the province of Ciudad Real. The region is watered by the Guadiana, Jabalón, Záncara, Cigüela, and Júcar rivers.
The climate is cold semi-arid (Köppen BSk), with strong fluctuations. Farming (wheat, barley, oats, sugar beets, wine grapes, olives) and cattle raising are the primary economic activities, but they are severely restricted by the harsh environmental conditions.
The inhabitants of La Mancha are called Manchegos.
La Mancha has always been an important agricultural zone. Viticulture is important in Tomelloso, Alcázar de San Juan, Socuéllamos, Valdepeñas, La Solana and Manzanares, in Ciudad Real and Villarrobledo in Albacete. Other crops include cereals (hence the famous windmills) and saffron. Sheep are raised and bred, providing the famous Manchego cheese, as are goats, including the La Mancha goat, one of the assumed progenitors of the American La Mancha goat.
La Mancha includes one National Park, Las Tablas de Daimiel, and one Natural Park, Las Lagunas de Ruidera.
Famous Spaniards like the cinema directors Pedro Almodóvar and José Luis Cuerda, painters Antonio López and his uncle Antonio López Torres, footballer Andrés Iniesta, music band Angelus Apatrida and actress Sara Montiel were born in La Mancha.
Miguel de Cervantes described La Mancha and its windmills in his two-part 1605/1615 novel Don Quixote de La Mancha . Cervantes was making fun of the region, using a pun; a "mancha" was also a stain, as on one's honor, and thus an inappropriately named homeland for a dignified knight-errant. [4] Translator John Ormsby believed that Cervantes chose it because it was the most ordinary, prosaic, anti-romantic, and therefore unlikely place from which a chivalrous, romantic hero could originate, making Quixote seem even more absurd. However, ironically, due to the fame of Cervantes' character, the name of La Mancha came to be associated worldwide with romantic chivalry.
Several film versions of Don Quixote have been filmed largely in La Mancha. However, some, including the 1957 Russian film version, and the 1972 English-language version of Man of La Mancha (based on the 1965 Broadway musical), were not. The 1957 film was shot in Crimea, while Man of La Mancha was filmed in Italy. G. W. Pabst's 1933 version of Cervantes's novel was shot in Alpes-de-Haute-Provence. The 2000 made-for-TV Don Quixote , starring John Lithgow as Don Quixote and Bob Hoskins as Sancho Panza, was shot on several locations in Spain, but not in La Mancha.
Don Quixote, the full title being The Ingenious Gentleman Don Quixote of La Mancha, is a Spanish novel by Miguel de Cervantes. It was originally published in two parts, in 1605 and 1615. Considered a founding work of Western literature, it is often said to be the first modern novel. The novel has been labelled by many well-known authors as the "best book of all time" and the "best and most central work in world literature". Don Quixote is also one of the most-translated books in the world and one of the best-selling novels of all time.
Manchego is a cheese made in the La Mancha region of Spain from the milk of sheep of the Manchega breed. It is aged between 60 days and 2 years.
Castilla–La Mancha is an autonomous community of Spain. Comprising the provinces of Albacete, Ciudad Real, Cuenca, Guadalajara and Toledo, it was created in 1982. The government headquarters are in Toledo, which is the capital de facto.
Albacete is a province of central Spain, in the southern part of the autonomous community of Castile–La Mancha. As of 2012, Albacete had a population of 402,837 people. Its capital city, also called Albacete, is 262 kilometres (163 mi) by road southeast of Madrid.
The province of Ciudad Real is a province in the southwestern part of the autonomous community of Castile-La Mancha, Spain. It is bordered by the provinces of Cuenca, Albacete, Jaén, Córdoba, Badajoz, and Toledo. It is partly located in the old natural region of La Mancha. Its capital is Ciudad Real. It is the third largest province by area in all of Spain, after Cáceres and Badajoz. The historic comarca Campo de Calatrava is located in the center of the province.
Ciudad Real is a municipality of Spain located in the autonomous community of Castile–La Mancha, capital of the province of Ciudad Real. It is the 5th most populated municipality in the region.
Albacete is a city and municipality in the Spanish autonomous community of Castilla–La Mancha, and capital of the province of Albacete.
Manchego cuisine refers to the typical dishes and ingredients in the cuisine of the Castilla–La Mancha region of Spain. These include pisto, gazpacho manchego, Manchego cheese, the white wine of La Mancha, and the red wine from Valdepeñas (DO).
La Roda is a Spanish municipality located in the Province of Albacete, within the autonomous community of Castilla-La Mancha. It is situated along the A-31 highway and has a population of 15,527 inhabitants. The town is known for its pastry known as miguelitos. It is part of the La Mancha region of Albacete.
Villarrobledo is a Spanish city and municipality in the province of Albacete, part of the autonomous community of Castilla-La Mancha. It's better known for having the world's largest area covered by vineyards as well as the world's greatest production of La Mancha wine, called in Spanish Denominación de Origen. Also, it is an important center of Manchego cheese production and export and has other important industries like metallurgy and transportation.
Villanueva de los Infantes is a municipality in the province of Ciudad Real, Castilla–La Mancha, Spain. It has a population of 5727 people.
Mancha may refer to:
Mancheguian regionalism is a minoritarian political current in Spain that proposes the existence of a differentiated historical region in La Mancha with its proper legal entity, against the Pancastilian thesis that considers Castile as a unique nation or region. Very minority currents inside the Mancheguian Regionalism supports to go beyond the regionalism by a total rupture with Spain.
Consuegra is a municipality located in the province of Toledo, Castile-La Mancha, Spain. In 2018, the municipality had a population of 10,098 inhabitants. It is 80 km from Ciudad Real and 60 km from Toledo. Consuegra is located in La Mancha region, famous for its extensive dry plains, vineyards and historical constructions such as windmills.
Don Quixote or Don Quixote de la Mancha is the first sound film version in Spanish of the great classic novel by Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra. It was directed and adapted by Rafael Gil and released in 1947. A huge undertaking for Spanish cinema in its day, it was the longest film version of the novel up to that time, and very likely the most faithful, reverently following the book in its dialogue and order of episodes, unlike G.W. Pabst's 1933 version and the later Russian film version, which scrambled up the order of the adventures as many film versions do. Characters such as Cardenio, Dorotea, and Don Fernando, which are usually omitted because their respective subplots have little to do with the main body of the novel, were kept in this film.
The University of Castilla–La Mancha is a public Spanish university. It offers courses in the cities of Albacete, Ciudad Real, Cuenca, Toledo, Almadén and Talavera de la Reina. This university was recognised by law on 30 June 1982, and began to operate three years later.
Campo de Montiel is a comarca in Castile-La Mancha, Spain.
El Socialista Manchego was a weekly newspaper published from Alcázar de Cervantes, Spain from 1932 to 1938. It was published by the local branches of Spanish Socialist Workers' Party and Unión General de Trabajadores. Amongst the directors of El Socialista Manchego were Teodoro Vizcaino, Manuel Andújar Vela and Francisco Fernández. El Socialista Manchego disappeared in late 1938.
Ricardo de Pedraza Losa is a vision impaired B1/T11 Spanish Paralympic track and field competitor. He represented Spain at the 2012 Summer Paralympics, finishing eleventh in the 5,000 meter event. He has held several Spanish national records in long-distance events.