The Lac La Ronge Indian Band is the largest Cree First Nation band government in La Ronge, Saskatchewan, and one of the 10 largest in Canada, with a 2016 population of 10,408. Its location is in north-central Saskatchewan.
The Cree are one of the largest groups of First Nations in North America.
In Canada, the First Nations are the predominant indigenous peoples in Canada south of the Arctic Circle. Those in the Arctic area are distinct and known as Inuit. The Métis, another distinct ethnicity, developed after European contact and relations primarily between First Nations people and Europeans. There are 634 recognized First Nations governments or bands spread across Canada, roughly half of which are in the provinces of Ontario and British Columbia.
In Canada, an Indian band or band, sometimes referred to as a First Nation band or simply a First Nation, is the basic unit of government for those peoples subject to the Indian Act. Bands are typically small groups of people: the largest in the country, the Six Nations of the Grand River First Nation had 22,294 members in September 2005, and many have a membership below 100 people. Each First Nation is typically represented by a band council chaired by an elected chief, and sometimes also a hereditary chief. As of 2013, there were 614 bands in Canada. Membership in a band is controlled in one of two ways: for most bands, membership is obtained by becoming listed on the Indian Register maintained by the government. As of 2013, there were 253 First Nations which had their own membership criteria, so that not all Status Indians are members of a band.
Their reserve lands extend from rich farmlands in central Saskatchewan, all the way north through the boreal forest to the Churchill River and beyond. Their central administration office is located in La Ronge, 241 km north of Prince Albert, on the edge of the Pre-Cambrian Shield.
In Canada, an Indian reserve is specified by the Indian Act as a "tract of land, the legal title to which is vested in Her Majesty, that has been set apart by Her Majesty for the use and benefit of a band."
La Ronge & Stanley Mission Band of Woods Cree Indians became a signatory to the Treaty 6 on February 11, 1889, signed by Chief James Roberts. In 1900 Peter Ballantyne was allowed to separate from the La Ronge and Stanley Mission Band to form the Peter Ballantyne Band of Cree Indians, the predecessor to the Peter Ballantyne Cree Nation. In 1910, the La Ronge & Stanley Mission Band split into two entities: Amos Charles Band of Cree Indians (located in Stanley Mission) and the James Roberts Band of Cree Indians (located in La Ronge). In 1950, the two Bands amalgamated and became the Lac La Ronge Indian Band, the current legal name. [1]
Treaty 6 is the sixth of seven numbered treaties that were signed by the Canadian Crown and various First Nations between 1871 and 1877. Specifically, Treaty 6 is an agreement between the Crown and the Plains and Woods Cree, Assiniboine, and other band governments at Fort Carlton and Fort Pitt. Key figures, representing the Crown, involved in the negotiations were Alexander Morris, Lieutenant Governor of the North-West Territories; James McKay, The Minister of Agriculture for Manitoba; and W.J. Christie, the Chief Factor of the Hudson's Bay Company. Chief Mistawasis and Chief Ahtahkakoop represented the Carlton Cree.
Peter Ballantyne Cree Nation is an Asinīskāwiyiniwak First Nation band government in northern Saskatchewan consisting of nine communities: Amisk Lake, Deschambeault Lake, Kinoosao, Pelican Narrows, Prince Albert, Sandy Bay, Southend and Sturgeon Landing and a newer Reserve west of Prince Albert called Kiskaciwan. The administrative centre of the Peter Ballantyne Cree Nation is Pelican Narrows. They are a Woodland Cree First Nation.
Lac La Ronge Indian Band's land-base consists of 18 Indian reserves, some containing one of six communities: [2]
The communities of Stanley Mission and Grandmother's Bay are self-administered. This arrangement ensures that these communities have more control over their services and programs. [3]
The First Nation elects their Council under the Custom Electoral System, consisting of a chief and 12 councillors. The current Council consists of Chief Tammy Cook-Searson and Councillors Leon Charles, Linda Charles, McIvor Eninew, Lawrence Halkett, Irwin Hennie, Larry McKenzie, Keith Mirasty, Ann Ratt, Bernice Roberts, John Roberts, Sam Roberts, and Cheryline Venne. They were elected for a three-year term beginning April 1, 2014 and ending March 31, 2017. [4]
The Saulteaux are a First Nations band government in Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta and British Columbia, Canada. They are a branch of the Ojibwe when they pushed west forming into a mixed culture of woodlands and plains Indians customs and traditions.
La Ronge is a northern town in the boreal forest of central Saskatchewan, Canada. Its location is approximately 250 km (160 mi) north of Prince Albert where Highway 2 becomes Highway 102. La Ronge lies on the western shore of Lac la Ronge, is adjacent to Lac La Ronge Provincial Park, and is on the edge of the Canadian Shield.
First Nations in Saskatchewan constitute many Native Canadian band governments. First Nations ethnicities in the province include the Cree, Assiniboine, Saulteaux, Dene and Dakota. Historically, the Atsina and Blackfoot could also be found at various times.
Southend is a community in north eastern Saskatchewan, Canada located at the southern end of Reindeer Lake, the ninth largest lake in Canada. The community is the terminus of Highway 102 and is 221 km north east of La Ronge.
Freda Ahenakew, was a Canadian author and academic of Cree descent. Ahenakew was considered a leader in Indigenous language preservation and literary heritage preservation in Canada. She was a sister-in-law to the political activist David Ahenakew.
Treaty 10 was an agreement established beginning 19 August 1906, between King Edward VII and various First Nation band governments in northern Saskatchewan and a small portion of eastern Alberta. There were no Alberta-based First Nations groups signing on, but there were two First Nation bands from Manitoba, despite their location outside the designated treaty area. It is notable that despite appeals from peoples of unceded areas of Northern Manitoba and the Northwest Territories for treaty negotiations to begin, the government did not enter into the treaty process for almost 20 years. In 1879, Natives of Stanley, Lac La Ronge, and Pelican Narrows petitioned for a treaty due to the threat of starvation. In 1905, the granting of Saskatchewan with Provincial status galvanized the government to settle the issue of land rights in order to free up land for future government use.
Missinipe is a northern settlement in north-central Saskatchewan, Canada. It is located 80 km (50 mi) north of La Ronge on the western shore of Otter Lake. It has a float plane service, canoe outfitter, and fishing outfitters. It is a main access point to the Churchill River. The next settlement north is Brabant Lake, Saskatchewan, 88 km north, then Southend, 142 km north at the south end of Reindeer Lake. The community of Grandmother's Bay, an extension of the Lac La Ronge First Nation, lies approximately 5 miles to the northeast, directly across Otter Lake. There are provincial campgrounds 5 km north at Otter Rapids, 7 km north at the Devil Lake Provincial Recreation Site, and 1.5 km south. There is also a provincial campground within the community itself. The community of Missinipe is within Lac La Ronge Provincial Park, at its northern tip. The community contains a seasonally operated general store, tourist cabins and other accommodations. Tourism and facilitation of wilderness travel are its main focus. The community may be accessed by Highway 102, or by float plane.
The Sakāwithiniwak or Woodland Cree, are a Cree people, calling themselves Nîhithaw in their own dialect of the language. They are the largest indigenous group in northern Alberta and are an Algonquian people. Prior to the 18th century, their territory extended west of Hudson Bay, as far north as Churchill. Although in western Northern Saskatchewan and Manitoba, by the 18th century, they acted as middlemen in trade with western tribes. After acquiring guns through trade, they greatly expanded their territory and drove other tribes further west and north.
Nistowiak Falls, at 10 metres (33 ft), is one of the highest waterfalls in the province of Saskatchewan, Canada. The falls are on the Rapid River, which flows north from Iskwatikan Lake into Nistowiak Lake on the Churchill River. Nistowiak is a Cree word referring to the convergence of waters.
Stanley Mission is a First Nations settlement in the boreal forest northern Saskatchewan, Canada. Its location is on the banks of the Churchill River, 80 km (50 mi)s north east of the town of La Ronge, 305 km (190 mi) north of Prince Albert. Access is provided by Highway 915.
Holy Trinity Anglican Church is a historic Carpenter Gothic style Anglican church building located on the banks of the Churchill River in Stanley Mission, a community in the Lac La Ronge First Nation and Lac La Ronge Provincial Park in Saskatchewan, Canada.
Otter Lake is a lake in the province of Saskatchewan, Canada. It is located 50 miles (80 km) north of La Ronge, Saskatchewan and is accessible from Highway 102. The lake is part of the Churchill River system. The Churchill River runs through the lake. It is approximately 10 miles long and 9 miles at its widest point.
Lac la Ronge is a glacial lake in Saskatchewan, Canada. It is the fifth largest lake in the province.
The Mathias Colomb First Nation, Mathias Colomb Cree Nation (MCCN), Mathias Colomb (Cree) First Nation, Pukatawagan/Mathias Colomb Cree Nation is a remote northern Manitoba First Nations, located 210 km (130 mi) north of The Pas and 819 km (509 mi) northwest of Winnipeg, Manitoba, which had two reserves under its jurisdiction, Indian Rreserve (IR) 198 and IR No. 199. They are part of the Treaty 6 and the main community is at Pukatawagan and consists of 1,536.6 ha on the shore of Pukatawagan Lake and lies about 210 km (130 mi) north of The Pas. Their second reserve was the Highrock reserve (CSD) located on Highrock Lake, 30 km (19 mi) downstream from Pukatawagan, which was dissolved by 2006.
Lac La Ronge Provincial Park is located in the boreal forest of north central Saskatchewan within the Canadian Shield. The park boundary begins on the western shore of Lac la Ronge at La Ronge and extends north to the Churchill River. Highway 102 forms this western boundary with one exception. 13 km (8 miles} north of the town of La Ronge the park goes further west to include a section of Nemeiben Lake.
The Prince Albert Grand Council (PAGC) is a Tribal Council representing the band governments of twelve First Nations in the province of Saskatchewan. Its head offices are located in the city of Prince Albert. The Tribal Council was created in 1977 and is one of the largest in Canada.
Saddle Lake Cree Nation is an Amiskwacīwiyiniwak division of the Plains Cree, historically speaking the Plains Cree language and located in central Alberta. The Nation is a signatory to Treaty 6. This First Nation's governing structure is unusual in that it has two separate councils and chiefs governing different Indian reserves, one called the Saddle Lake Cree Nation (proper) and the other called the Whitefish Lake First Nation, often called "Whitefish (Goodfish) Lake First Nation" to distinguish it from a similarly named group in Manitoba. For the purposes of the Indian Act however the Saddle Lake and Whitefish are one band government.
James Settee, was of Swampy Cree and British descent. He was given the name James Settee when he was baptized in 1827. He was the second Native American ordained an Anglican priest; following Henry Budd. He married Sarah (Sally) Cook in 1835. He was ordained an Anglican priest and spent his career ministering to First Nations people of Canada. He was fluent in English, Cree and Ojibwe.
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