Laurence Zitvogel

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Laurence Zitvogel
Born (1963-12-25) 25 December 1963 (age 60)
Sureness, France
NationalityFrench
Alma materParis University
Occupation(s)Oncologist, immunologist, researcher
HonoursBaillet Latour Awarded by the Belgian Monarchy

Laurence Zitvogel (born 25 December 1963) is a French physician-scientist specializing in oncology and immunology. Zitvogel is a clinical oncologist, a researcher in the Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, and a professor at Paris-Saclay University. [1] She has studied the correlation between the immune system and the success of cancer treatments for over 30 years. [2] Her primary research experience lies in exosomes, [3] studying the biological impact of structural abnormalities on malignant neoplasms, [4] and anti-tumor therapy. [5] Through her work as a professor and researcher, Zitvogel discovered that chemotherapy could delay the growth of tumors in mouse models. [6] Her team reported the first anticancer probiotic, Enterococcus hirae. [7] As of 2020, she is researching an effective and inexpensive diagnostic test to predict dysbiosis and is investigating the promising lead on the role of gut microbiotes in anti-tumour immunotherapy. [1]

Contents

Throughout her career, she has received numerous honors and awards ranging from the Bob Pinedo Cancer Care Award to the ESMO Award for Immuno-Oncology.

Personal life

Laurence Zitvogel was born in Suresnes, France. [8] Zitvogel has worked with her spouse, Guido Kroemer, [9] since 2001. [10]

Education

Zitvogel earned her degree in medical oncology from the University of Paris in 1992. Zitvogel started her scientific career in 1993 at the University of Pittsburgh (USA) in Michael Lotze's laboratory. [11] [12] She received her Ph.D in Immunology at the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute and the Gustav Roussy Cancer Center in 1995. [13]

Career and leadership

Zitvogel supervised work in 2013 that analyzed the multifaceted modes of action of the anticancer probiotic, Enterococcus hirae . [7] Zitvogel leads the French RHU Torino-Lumière and European Oncobiome consortia for the development of tests for gut dysbiosis associated with frequent cancers. [1] She has authored over 350 publications [14] and is the editor-in-chief and founder of one of the first journals in immune-oncology, OncoImmunology . [15]

She is a professor of immunobiology at the University of Paris XI Medical School and is a scientific director at the Department of Immuno-Oncology at the Gustave Roussy Cancer Center in Villejuif, France. [16] She is also the director of U1015 Inserm Tumour Immunology and Immunotherapy Laboratory and co-director of the Center for Clinical Investigation in Biotherapies of Cancer at Inserm. [15] Zitvogel co-founded EverImmune, a clinical-stage biotechnology company developing live biotherapeutic products as adjuncts to cancer immunotherapy. [17] Zitvogel's research team found that bacteria in the gut had a major effect on the efficacy of checkpoint inhibitors in mice. [18] [6]

Research

Zitvogel's work focuses on intestinal bacterial flora. [19] [20] [21] Her primary research objectives are to identify cell adhesion molecules that serve as actionable checkpoints for tumor surveillance. [4] The research group she directs has been focused on the discovery and validation of antibody combination therapies. [22]

Zitvogel discovered that cancer therapies with long-term beneficial effects may have limited impact on local disease, but should activate a relevant adaptive immune reaction. [23] Pioneering work by Zitvogel and Kroemer revealed that chemotherapy could slow the growth of tumors growing on immunocompetent mice, but had no effect on tumors established on immunodeficient mice. [23] Zitvogel set up a patient diagnosis platform that allows the patient's tumor to be removed when performing the operation. [1] Zitvogel hypothesized that disrupting the MAdCAM-1–α4β7 interaction might cause Treg17 cells to migrate from the gut to the tumors, thereby compromising the anticancer effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). [24] Accompanying this, she saw that the relocation of enterotropic and immunosuppressive Treg17 cells to cancerous tissue (tumors and tdLNs) is repressed by the molecular interaction between the HEV addressin MAdCAM-1 and the integrin α4β7 expressed by Treg17 cells. [24] Zitvogel's research also revealed that antibiotics administered before or during treatment may worsen the efficacy of immunotherapy. [25] She examined the connections between nutrition, inflammation, and the immune system's impact on cancer. [26] Correspondingly, Zitvogel found that nutritional interventions are emerging as novel strategies for improving the outcome of treatments with PD-1/PD-L1–targeting ICIs. [27] Continuing on with Zitvogel's cancer research, she found that probiotics used as a complement to the existing therapeutic arsenal (surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, immunotherapy) could become a sixth therapeutic modality against cancer. [28] Zitovgel's ongoing research falls into three main categories: studying the modes of action of immune checkpoint inhibitors, seeking predictors of response to immunomodulators, and defining the role of the gut microbiome in cancer immunosurveillance. [15]

Awards

Zitvogel's awards include:

Related Research Articles

Immunotherapy or biological therapy is the treatment of disease by activating or suppressing the immune system. Immunotherapies designed to elicit or amplify an immune response are classified as activation immunotherapies, while immunotherapies that reduce or suppress are classified as suppression immunotherapies. Immunotherapy is under preliminary research for its potential to treat various forms of cancer.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cancer immunotherapy</span> Artificial stimulation of the immune system to treat cancer

Cancer immunotherapy (immuno-oncotherapy) is the stimulation of the immune system to treat cancer, improving the immune system's natural ability to fight the disease. It is an application of the fundamental research of cancer immunology (immuno-oncology) and a growing subspecialty of oncology.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cancer immunology</span> Study of the role of the immune system in cancer

Cancer immunology (immuno-oncology) is an interdisciplinary branch of biology and a sub-discipline of immunology that is concerned with understanding the role of the immune system in the progression and development of cancer; the most well known application is cancer immunotherapy, which utilises the immune system as a treatment for cancer. Cancer immunosurveillance and immunoediting are based on protection against development of tumors in animal systems and (ii) identification of targets for immune recognition of human cancer.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes</span>

Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) are white blood cells that have left the bloodstream and migrated towards a tumor. They include T cells and B cells and are part of the larger category of ‘tumor-infiltrating immune cells’ which consist of both mononuclear and polymorphonuclear immune cells, in variable proportions. Their abundance varies with tumor type and stage and in some cases relates to disease prognosis.

Autologous immune enhancement therapy (AIET) is a treatment method in which immune cells are taken out from the patient's body which are cultured and processed to activate them until their resistance to cancer is strengthened and then the cells are put back in the body. The cells, antibodies, and organs of the immune system work to protect and defend the body against not only tumor cells but also bacteria or viruses.

Molecular oncology is an interdisciplinary medical specialty at the interface of medicinal chemistry and oncology that refers to the investigation of the chemistry of cancer and tumors at the molecular scale. Also the development and application of molecularly targeted therapies.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Immune checkpoint</span> Regulators of the immune system

Immune checkpoints are regulators of the immune system. These pathways are crucial for self-tolerance, which prevents the immune system from attacking cells indiscriminately. However, some cancers can protect themselves from attack by stimulating immune checkpoint targets.

Guido Kroemer is a cell biologist who has made contributions to the understanding of the role of mitochondria in cell death. He is a member of multiple scientific academies in Europe and is one of the most highly cited authors in cell biology.

Cryoimmunotherapy, also referred to as cryoimmunology, is an oncological treatment for various cancers that combines cryoablation of tumor with immunotherapy treatment. In-vivo cryoablation of a tumor, alone, can induce an immunostimulatory, systemic anti-tumor response, resulting in a cancer vaccine—the abscopal effect. Thus, cryoablation of tumors is a way of achieving autologous, in-vivo tumor lysate vaccine and treat metastatic disease. However, cryoablation alone may produce an insufficient immune response, depending on various factors, such as high freeze rate. Combining cryotherapy with immunotherapy enhances the immunostimulating response and has synergistic effects for cancer treatment.

Combinatorial ablation and immunotherapy is an oncological treatment that combines various tumor-ablation techniques with immunotherapy treatment. Combining ablation therapy of tumors with immunotherapy enhances the immunostimulating response and has synergistic effects for curative metastatic cancer treatment. Various ablative techniques are utilized including cryoablation, radiofrequency ablation, laser ablation, photodynamic ablation, stereotactic radiation therapy, alpha-emitting radiation therapy, hyperthermia therapy, HIFU. Thus, combinatorial ablation of tumors and immunotherapy is a way of achieving an autologous, in-vivo tumor lysate vaccine and treating metastatic disease.

Lorenzo Galluzzi is an Italian and French cell biologist best known for his experimental and conceptual contributions to the fields of cell death, autophagy, tumor metabolism and tumor immunology.

Checkpoint inhibitor therapy is a form of cancer immunotherapy. The therapy targets immune checkpoints, key regulators of the immune system that when stimulated can dampen the immune response to an immunologic stimulus. Some cancers can protect themselves from attack by stimulating immune checkpoint targets. Checkpoint therapy can block inhibitory checkpoints, restoring immune system function. The first anti-cancer drug targeting an immune checkpoint was ipilimumab, a CTLA4 blocker approved in the United States in 2011.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mikael Pittet</span> Swiss research scientist

Mikaël Pittet is a Swiss research scientist.

Miram Merad is a French-Algerian professor in Cancer immunology and the Director of the Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute (PrIISM) at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (ISMMS) in New York, NY. She is the corecipient of the 2018 William B. Coley Award for Distinguished Research in Basic Immunology and a member of the United States National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Medicine.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Duane Mitchell</span> American physician and research scientist

Duane A. Mitchell is an American physician-scientist and university professor. He is currently employed at the University of Florida College of Medicine, in Gainesville, Florida as the Assistant Vice President for Research, Associate Dean for Translational Science and Clinical Research, and Director of the University of Florida (UF) Clinical and Translational Science Institute. He is the Phyllis Kottler Friedman Professor in the Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery. and co-director of the Preston A. Wells Jr. Center for Brain Tumor Therapy. Mitchell is also the founder, President, and Chairman of iOncologi, Inc., a biotechnology company in Gainesville, FL specializing in immuno-oncology.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">George Coukos</span> Tumor immunologist

George Coukos is a physician-scientist in tumor immunology, professor and director of the Ludwig Cancer Research Lausanne Branch and director of the Department of oncology UNIL-CHUV of the University of Lausanne and the Lausanne University Hospital in Lausanne, Switzerland. He is known for his work on the mechanisms by which tumors suppress anti-cancer immune responses, and the role of the tumor vasculature in that suppression. In addition to his work in ovarian cancer, the combinatorial immune therapies proposed by Professor Coukos have been successfully tested and approved for lung, liver and kidney cancers.

Philip Greenberg is a professor of medicine, oncology, and immunology at the University of Washington and head of program in immunology at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center. His research is centered around T cell biology and therapeutic cell therapies. He is a co-founder of Juno Therapeutics.

Cornelis Joseph Maria Melief is a Dutch immunologuist specialising in cancer immunology and immunotherapy, with a focus on therapeutic cancer vaccines. He is emeritus Professor, former head of the Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion at the Leiden University Medical Center, and Chief Scientific Officer at ISA Therapeutics in Netherlands. He is known for his work in the field of cancer immunology, devising new cancer therapies based on the activation of the patient's own immune system.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Marcin Kortylewski</span> Polish American cancer researcher and immunologist

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Matthew F. Krummel(Max Krummel) is a Professor in the Pathology Department at University of California, San Francisco. He is known for Systems Immunology and studies mechanisms that regulate the immune system.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 "Laurence Zitvogel: Gut bacteria that cure cancer". Université Paris-Saclay. 11 February 2020. Retrieved 31 May 2024.
  2. ↑ Jalinière, Hugo (20 March 2016). "Laurence Zitvogel: l'ennemie intime du cancer". Sciences et Avenir (in French). Retrieved 31 May 2024.
  3. ↑ Zitvogel, L.; Regnault, A.; Lozier, A.; Wolfers, J.; Flament, C.; Tenza, D.; Ricciardi-Castagnoli, P.; Raposo, G.; Amigorena, S. (May 1998). "Eradication of established murine tumors using a novel cell-free vaccine: dendritic cell-derived exosomes". Nature Medicine. 4 (5): 594–600. doi:10.1038/nm0598-594. ISSN   1078-8956. PMID   9585234.
  4. 1 2 Zitvogel, Laurence; Tesniere, Antoine; Kroemer, Guido (October 2006). "Cancer despite immunosurveillance: immunoselection and immunosubversion". Nature Reviews. Immunology. 6 (10): 715–727. doi:10.1038/nri1936. ISSN   1474-1733. PMID   16977338.
  5. ↑ Vétizou, Marie; Daillère, Romain; Zitvogel, Laurence (November 2016). "[The role of intestinal microbiota in the response to anti-tumor therapies]". Médecine/Sciences. 32 (11): 974–982. doi:10.1051/medsci/20163211013. ISSN   1958-5381. PMID   28008838.
  6. 1 2 Fridman, Wolf H.; Teillaud, Jean-Luc; Sautès-Fridman, Catherine; Pagès, Franck; Galon, Jérôme; Zucman-Rossi, Jessica; Tartour, Eric; Zitvogel, Laurence; Kroemer, Guido (1 December 2011). "The Ultimate Goal of Curative Anti-Cancer Therapies: Inducing an Adaptive Anti-Tumor Immune Response". Frontiers in Immunology. 2: 66. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2011.00066 . ISSN   1664-3224. PMC   3341952 . PMID   22566855.
  7. 1 2 Goubet, Anne-Gaëlle; Wheeler, Richard; Fluckiger, Aurélie; Qu, Bo; Lemaître, Fabien; Iribarren, Kristina; Mondragón, Laura; Tidjani Alou, Maryam; Pizzato, Eugénie; Durand, Sylvère; Derosa, Lisa; Aprahamian, Fanny; Bossut, Noélie; Moya-Nilges, Maryse; Derrien, Diane (July 2021). "Multifaceted modes of action of the anticancer probiotic Enterococcus hirae". Cell Death and Differentiation. 28 (7): 2276–2295. doi:10.1038/s41418-021-00753-8. ISSN   1350-9047. PMC   8257780 . PMID   33976389.
  8. ↑ Jalinière, Hugo (20 March 2016). "Laurence Zitvogel: l'ennemie intime du cancer" [Laurence Zitvogel. The intimate enemy of cancer]. Science et Avenir (in French). Retrieved 26 June 2020.
  9. ↑ Kroemer, Guido (2017). "Cancer cell stress and death – cell-autonomous and immunological considerations" (PDF). Charles Rodolphe Brupbacher Foundation. Retrieved 26 June 2020.
  10. ↑ Barret, Anna-Laure (21 June 2017). "L'amour contre le cancer" [Love against cancer]. Le Journal de Dimanche (in French). Retrieved 26 June 2020.
  11. ↑ "Laurence Zitvogel, MD, PhD - Gustave Roussy Cancer Centre: Antibody Engineering & Therapeutics Series Speaker". Informa Connect. Retrieved 31 May 2024.
  12. ↑ Moreira, Sarah. "Laurence Zitvogel". The Barcelona Debates on the Human Microbiome 2024. Retrieved 31 May 2024.
  13. ↑ "Zitvogel Laurence". www.ae-info.org. The Academy of Europe. Retrieved 23 June 2020.
  14. ↑ "Shop Talk". Oncology Times. 39 (22): 69–71. 25 November 2017. doi:10.1097/01.COT.0000527395.64210.f0. ISSN   0276-2234.
  15. 1 2 3 4 ESMO. "First ESMO Award in Immuno-Oncology Goes to Laurence Zitvogel". www.esmo.org. Retrieved 31 May 2024.
  16. ↑ "First ESMO Award for Immuno-Oncology Presented to Laurence Zitvogel, MD, PhD". The ASCO Post. 10 November 2017. Retrieved 31 May 2024.
  17. ↑ "EverImmune appoints Prof. Laurence Zitvogel as president of scientific advisory board". Andrew Lloyd & Associates. Retrieved 31 May 2024.
  18. ↑ Owens, Brian (1 February 2018). "Gut bacteria link to immunotherapy sparks interest". Nature Biotechnology. 36 (2): 121–122. doi:10.1038/nbt0218-121. ISSN   1546-1696. PMID   29406499.
  19. ↑ Yonekura, Satoru (11 January 2017). theses.fr. thesses.fr (Thesis).
  20. ↑ Zitvogel, Laurence (11 February 2020). "Des bacteries intestinales qui soignent les cancer". Universite de Paris-Sarclay.
  21. ↑ "Laurence Zitvogel: Des bactéries intestinales qui soignent les cancers". Université Paris-Saclay (in French). 11 February 2020. Retrieved 23 June 2020.
  22. ↑ Zitvogel, Laurence; Kroemer, Guido (1 November 2012). "Targeting PD-1/PD-L1 interactions for cancer immunotherapy". Oncoimmunology. 1 (8): 1223–1225. doi:10.4161/onci.21335. ISSN   2162-4011. PMC   3518493 . PMID   23243584.
  23. 1 2 Fridman, Wolf H.; Teillaud, Jean-Luc; Sautès-Fridman, Catherine; Pagès, Franck; Galon, Jérôme; Zucman-Rossi, Jessica; Tartour, Eric; Zitvogel, Laurence; Kroemer, Guido (1 December 2011). "The Ultimate Goal of Curative Anti-Cancer Therapies: Inducing an Adaptive Anti-Tumor Immune Response". Frontiers in Immunology. 2: 66. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2011.00066 . ISSN   1664-3224. PMC   3341952 . PMID   22566855.
  24. 1 2 Fidelle, Marine; Rauber, Conrad; Alves Costa Silva, Carolina; Tian, Ai-Ling; Lahmar, Imran; de La Varende, Anne-Laure Mallard; Zhao, Liwei; Thelemaque, Cassandra; Lebhar, Isabelle; Messaoudene, Meriem; Pizzato, Eugenie; Birebent, Roxanne; Mbogning Fonkou, Maxime Descartes; Zoppi, Silvia; Reni, Anna (9 June 2023). "A microbiota-modulated checkpoint directs immunosuppressive intestinal T cells into cancers". Science. 380 (6649). doi:10.1126/science.abo2296. ISSN   0036-8075.
  25. 1 2 "Bob Pinedo Cancer Care Award 2022 for Laurence Zitvogel - KNAW". knaw.nl (in Dutch). Retrieved 9 May 2024.
  26. ↑ Zitvogel, Laurence; Pietrocola, Federico; Kroemer, Guido (August 2017). "Nutrition, inflammation and cancer". Nature Immunology. 18 (8): 843–850. doi:10.1038/ni.3754. ISSN   1529-2916. PMID   28722707.
  27. ↑ Zitvogel, Laurence; Kroemer, Guido (1 June 2022). "Boosting the immunotherapy response by nutritional interventions". The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 132 (11). doi:10.1172/JCI161483. ISSN   0021-9738. PMC   9151683 . PMID   35642631.
  28. ↑ "Expert interview: Pr. Laurence Zitvogel". Biocodex Microbiota Institute. Retrieved 31 May 2024.
  29. ↑ "Laurence Zitvogel, Prix Recherche Clinique et thérapeutique 2007" [Laurence Zitvogel, 2007 Clinical and Therapeutic Research Prize]. INSERM. Retrieved 26 June 2020.
  30. 1 2 "Academy of Europe: Zitvogel Laurence". www.ae-info.org. Retrieved 31 May 2024.
  31. ↑ "Brupbacher Prize – Charles Rodolphe Brupbacher Foundation". Charles Rodolphe Brupbacher Stiftung. Retrieved 31 May 2024.
  32. ↑ "Jakob-Herz Prize 2018". Faculty of Medicine. 5 February 2018. Retrieved 31 May 2024.
  33. ↑ "Steve Jackson to receive ARC Foundation Léopold Griffuel Award". CRUK Cambridge Centre. Retrieved 31 May 2024.
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