List of Legislative Council of Hong Kong members 1843–1941

Last updated

This is a list of members of the Legislative Council in the colonial period from its establishment in 1843 to 1941. It consists of both official and unofficial members. The term of the Legislative Council was interrupted during the Japanese occupation of Hong Kong.

Contents

Change in composition

YearNumber of
Official Members
exclusive of the Governor
Number of
Unofficial Members
18433
18445
18453
185052
185753
185863
186563
186854
188365
189676
192998

List of Official members

MembersAssumed officeLeft officeBackgroundRemarks
Alexander Robert Campbell Johnston.jpg Alexander Robert Johnston 18431844former AdministratorFounding members of the council [1]
John Robert Morrison.png John Robert Morrison 18431843Chinese Secretary and InterpreterFounding members of the council [1]
Captain William Caine.jpg William Caine 18431845Chief MagistrateFounding members of the council [1]
George Charles D'Aguilar.jpg George Charles D'Aguilar 18441848Army Major General [2]
John Walter Hulme.png John Walter Hulme 18441860Chief Justice
Frederick Wright-Bruce.jpg Frederick Wright-Bruce 18441845 Colonial Secretary
Blanksvg.svg Robert Montgomery Martin 18441845Colonial Treasurer
Blanksvg.svg Paul Ivy Sterling 1845Attorney General
William Staveley, Royal Staff Corps.png William Staveley 18481851Army Major General
Blanksvg.svg William Jervois 18511854Army Major General
William Thomas Bridges.png William Thomas Bridges 18541856Acting Attorney General
Blanksvg.svg Robert Garrett 18541857Army Major General
William Thomas Mercer 1860.jpg William Thomas Mercer 18571868Colonial Secretary
William Thomas Bridges.png William Thomas Bridges 18571858Acting Colonial Secretary
Charles Saint George Cleverly.jpg Charles St George Cleverly 18571865Surveyor General
Blanksvg.svg William Hepburn Rennie 18581870Auditor-General
William Henry Adams.jpg William Henry Adams 18601865Chief Justice
Sir John Jackson Smale.jpg John Jackson Smale 18661881Chief Justice
Blanksvg.svg George Phillippo 18821888Chief Justice
James Russell in 1871.png James Russell 18881892Chief Justice
Sir Fielding Clarke.jpg Fielding Clarke 18921896Chief Justice
Sir John Worrell Carrington.jpg John Worrell Carrington 18961901Chief Justice
William Meigh Goodman.jpg William Meigh Goodman 19021905Chief Justice
Francis Taylor Piggott.jpg Francis Piggott 19051912Chief Justice
Blanksvg.svg Warren Delabere Barnes 8 June 191128 October 1911Colonial Secretary
William Rees-Davies.png William Rees-Davies 19121924Chief Justice
Henry Cowper Gollan.jpg Henry Gollan 19241930Chief Justice
Sir Joseph Kemp.jpg Joseph Horsford Kemp 19301933Chief Justice
Atholl MacGregor, Chief Justice of Hong Kong.png Atholl MacGregor 19341941Chief Justice

List of Unofficial members

Key:
  Elected by/representatives of the Hong Kong General Chamber of Commerce
  Elected by/representatives of the Justice of Peace
  Chinese representatives
  Portuguese representatives

MembersTerm of officeBackgroundRemarks
David Jardine.png David Jardine 14 June 18508 March 1857 Jardine, Matheson & Co. Senior Unofficial Member (1850–57)
Blanksvg.svg Joseph Frost Edger 14 June 185026 August 1857 Jamieson, How & Co.
Blanksvg.svg Joseph Jardine 9 March 185710 December 1860Jardine, Matheson & Co.Senior Unofficial Member (1857–60);
vice David Jardine deceased
Blanksvg.svg George Lyall 15 May 185710 December 1860 Lyall, Still & Co. Senior Unofficial Member (1860)
Blanksvg.svg John Dent 26 December 18578 November 1861 Dent & Co.
12 May 186620 June 1867Senior Unofficial Member (1866–67);
vice Francis Chomley resigned [3] [4] [5]
Blanksvg.svg Alexander Perceval 10 December 186012 March 1866Jardine, Matheson & Co.Senior Unofficial Member (1861–64);
vice Joseph Jardine resigned
Blanksvg.svg Angus Fletcher 10 December 186016 March 1862 Fletcher & Co. Vice George Lyall resigned
Blanksvg.svg Francis Chomley 9 November 186126 April 1866Dent & Co.Senior Unofficial Member (1864–66);
vice John Dent resigned
Blanksvg.svg Charles Wilson Murray 17 March 186213 September 1864 Birley & Co. Vice Angus Fletcher resigned
Blanksvg.svg James Whittall 5 April 18645 December 1867Jardine, Matheson & Co.Senior Unofficial Member (1867);
vice Alexander Perceval resigned on leave
9 July 187213 July 1875Vice William Keswick resigned
Thomas Sutherland.jpg Thomas Sutherland 25 February 186526 April 1866 P. & O. Steam Navigation Co. Vice C. W. Murray resigned on leave
Blanksvg.svg Hugh Bold Gibb 18 May 18661867? Gibb, Livingston & Co. Vice Thomas Sutherland on leave
1868?11 November 1870Senior Unofficial Member (1867–71);
resigned and replaced by Richard Rowett
29 May 187930 December 1879Resigned and replaced by Ng Choy
Blanksvg.svg Phineas Ryrie 23 July 18671868? Turner & Co. Vice John Dent resigned
1870?7 December 1891Senior Unofficial Member (1871–92);
vice J. B. Taylor;
reappointed on 1 March 1890;
died in office
Blanksvg.svg Francis Parry 23 July 186721 February 1868Birley & Co.Vice H. B. Gibb absent on leave
William Keswick.jpg William Keswick 21 February 186816 May 1872Jardine, Matheson & Co.Vice James Whittall on leave
2 September 187523 September 1887Vice James Whittall resigned
Blanksvg.svg James Banks Taylor 3 October 186830 September 1869 Smith, Archer & Co. Vice Phineas Ryrie on leave
Blanksvg.svg James Pender Duncanson 1 May 186823 May 1868Gibb, Livingston & Co.Vice Francis Parry resigned
Blanksvg.svg Henry John Ball 26 February 186911 September 1871Judge of the Summary CourtSitting as unofficial;
Absent on leave and replaced by Richard Rowett
10 December 187230 September 1873
Blanksvg.svg Richard Rowett 24 September 18691870? Holiday, Wise & Co.
25 January 1871?18 November 1871Absent on leave and replaced by Henry Lowcock
24 February 187316 November 1874Resigned and replaced by Henry Lowcock
Blanksvg.svg Henry Lowcock 25 March 187211 February 1873Gibb, Livingston & Co.
23 February 187526 February 1879Resigned and replaced by H. B. Gibb
Blanksvg.svg James Greig 25 March 187225 September 1872 Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Vice Henry John Ball on leave
Blanksvg.svg William Hastings Alexander 29 May 18727 January 1876Registrar of the Supreme CourtSitting as unofficial
Blanksvg.svg John MacNeile Price 2 March 187719 February 1878Surveyor GeneralSitting as unofficial
18 January 187928 December 1883
Wu Tingfang2.jpg Ng Choy 26 February 188024 March 1883 Barrister-at-law First Chinese member;
Senior Chinese Unofficial Member (1880–82)
Blanksvg.svg Francis Bulkeley Johnson 19 January 187829 April 1878Jardine, Matheson & Co.Vice Wiliam Keswick absent on leave
3 June 18815 March 1884
Blanksvg.svg Thomas Child Hayllar 15 October 187821 December 1878Sitting as an unofficial during J. M. Price acting as Colonial Secretary
Emanuel Raphael Belilios.jpg Emanuel Raphael Belilios 23 August 18815 September 1882 Belilios & Co. Vice J. M. Price absent on leave
25 February 18925 April 1900Senior Unofficial Member (1892–1900);
vice Phineas Ryrie deceased;
reappointed on 25 February 1898
Shi Zhao Yu .jpg Frederick Stewart 26 March 188328 December 1883Registrar-GeneralSitting as an unofficial
SirThomasJackson.jpg Thomas Jackson 28 February 18842 September 1887Hongkong and Shanghai Banking CorporationElected by the Chamber of Commerce on 2 January
Blanksvg.svg Frederick David Sassoon 28 February 188413 January 1888 David Sassoon Sons & Co.
Wong Shing.jpg Wong Shing 28 February 188424 February 1890Senior Chinese Unofficial Member (1884—89)
Blanksvg.svg Henry George Thomsett 23 April 18843 July 1884 Royal Navy Harbour Master sitting as unofficial
27 August 18868 February 1888
Blanksvg.svg Alexander Palmer MacEwen 27 August 18861886?Holiday, Wise & Co.Elected 27 April vice Thomas Jackson on leave
19 September 1887?21 July 1890Elected 17 September on retirement of Thomas Jackson
Blanksvg.svg John Bell-Irving 27 August 18861886?Jardine, Matheson & Co.Vice William Keswick on leave
14 August 1887?29 April 1890Vice William Keswick resigned
Sir Catchick Paul Chater.jpg Catchick Paul Chater 10 December 18861887?BrokerVice Frederick D. Sasssoon on leave

Appointed as one-day member on 19 July 1919 and 23 November 1925

17 January 1888?7 December 1905
Blanksvg.svg Bendyshe Layton 4 June 188820 November 1889Gibb Livingston & Co.Elected 22 May vice A. MacEwen on leave
J.J. Keswick.jpg James Johnstone Keswick 18 April 18891889?Jardine, Matheson & Co.Vice J. Bell-Irving absent on leave
2 May 1890?1896?Vice J. Bell-Irving resigned
18 May 1899?14 March 1901Vice J. J. Bell-Irving absent on leave
Sir Sai Ho.jpg Ho Kai 1 March 18907 March 1912Senior Chinese Unofficial Member (1890–1914);
Senior Unofficial Member (1906–14);
re-appointed in 1896, 1902, 1908;
retired on 28 February 1914
2 May 191226 February 1914
Blanksvg.svg Thomas Henderson Whitehead 6 October 189014 June 1892 Chartered Bank of India, Australia and China Elected by 18 September, on resignation of A. MacEwen
7 March 189413 April 1902Re-elected 19 September 1896 on expiry of term
Blanksvg.svg James Jardine Bell-Irving 16 November 18928 March 1893Jardine, Matheson & Co.Vice J. J. Keswick on leave
23 May 18951895?Vice J. J. Keswick on leave
23 October 1896?18 April 1899Vice J. J. Keswick resigned
15 July 190130 April 1902Vice J. J. Keswick on leave
Blanksvg.svg Alexander McConachie 11 June 189414 December 1895 Gilman & Co. Elected 9 June vice T. H. Whitehead on leave
Wei Yuk.png Wei Yuk 3 December 189611 October 1917Senior Unofficial Member &
Senior Chinese Unofficial Member (1914–17);
reappointed in 1902 [6] 1908, [7] 1914; [8]
retired on expiry of term
Blanksvg.svg Roderick Mackenzie Gray 1 May 190014 March 1901 Reiss & Co. Vice Emanuel Belilios resigned
Blanksvg.svg Herbert Smith 7 May 190014 May 1900 Butterfield & Swire Elected 30 April vice T. H. Whitehead on leave
Blanksvg.svg John Thurburn 25 June 190012 July 1901 Chartered Mercantile Bank Elected 18 June vice H. Smith resigned
8 August 190110 April 1902Vice R. M. Gray resigned
Blanksvg.svg George William Forbes Playfair 11 June 190223 December 1902Acted during P. Chater's leave
Blanksvg.svg Charles Stewart Sharp 23 April 190227 February 1903Gibb, Livingston & Co.Vice John Thurburn resigned [9] [10]
Blanksvg.svg Charles Wedderburn Dickson 28 May 190217 May 1906Jardine, Matheson & Co.Vice J. J. Bell-Irving resigned
R. Shewan.png Robert Gordon Shewan 23 June 19027 December 1905 Shewan, Tomes & Co. Elected 5 June vice Whitehead on leave;
Elected 3 October, expiry of term
25 May 191727 December 1917Vice Edward Shellim on leave
1 January 191923 December 1919Vice Edward Shellim retired
Sir Henry Edward Pollock 2.jpg Henry Edward Pollock, K.C.17 September 190317 May 1904Barrister-at-LawElected 12 August vice Robert Gordon Shewan on leave
22 February 190627 February 1919Senior Unofficial Member (1917–41);
reappointed in 1912, 1918, 1924, 1928, 1932, 1936, 1940
23 December 19195 March 1925
4 December 192526 April 1928
20 December 192812 September 1940
Blanksvg.svg Gershom Stewart 20 April 19031904?Bill BrokerVice C. S. Sharp absent
24 September 1904?22 February 1906Vice C. S. Sharp resigned
William Jardine Gresson.png William Jardine Gresson 17 May 190415 December 1904?Jardine, Matheson & Co.Vice C. W. Dickson on leave
1 June 1906?14 April 1910Vice C. W. Dickson resigned
Edward Osborne.png Edward Osborne 17 May 19061907? H.K. and Kowloon Wharf and Godown Co. Vice G. Stewart absent
19 December 1907?19 December 1912Vice G. Stewart resigned
E.A. Hewett.png Edbert Ansgar Hewett 17 May 190628 October 1915P. & O. Steam Navigation Co.Elected 26 April vice Shewan resgined;
reappointed in 1912;
died in office
Henry Keswick.png Henry Keswick 23 May 19071908?Jardine, Matheson & Co.Vice W. J. Gresson on leave
5 May 1910?20 April 1911Vice W. J. Gresson on resigned
Blanksvg.svg Murray Stewart 16 April 19081908? Stewart Bros. Elected 17 March vice Hewett on leave
29 May 1909?27 October 1910Nominated by JP vice H. E. Pollock on leave
23 May 191222 August 1912Elected 25 May vice Hewett on leave
Henry Spencer Berkeley.png Sir Henry Spencer Berkeley, K.C.14 May 190824 July 1908Barrister-at-LawVice H. Keswick on leave
Blanksvg.svg Henry Adolphus Warre Slade 13 May 19081 April 1909 Gilman & Co. Vice E. Osborne on leave
C. Montague Ede.jpg Charles Montague Ede 26 April 191119 October 1911 Union Insurance Society of Canton Vice Edward Osborne on leave
13 February 191330 October 1913Elected by JP vice H. E. Pollock on leave
31 July 192429 December 1924Vice A. O. Lang on leave
Blanksvg.svg Charles Henderson Ross 3 May 191117 April 1913Jardine, Matheson & Co.Vice H. Keswick on leave
Blanksvg.svg John Whyte Cooper Bonnar 12 September 191219 December 1912Gibb, Livingston & Co.Elected 10 September 1912 on resignation of M. Stewart
E. Shellim.png Edward Shellim 16 March 19133 October 1918 David Sassoon & Co. Vice E. Osborne resigned
David Landale.jpg David Landale 29 May 191331 October 1916Jardine, Matheson & Co.
Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation
Vice C. H. Ross resigned
21 February 191810 April 1919
Lau Chu Pak.gif Lau Chu-pak 9 October 191330 March 1922Vice Ho Kai absent;
appointed on 2 March 1914 vice Ho Kai retired;
Senior Chinese Unofficial Member (1917–22);
reappointed in 1920;
died in office
P. H. Holyoak.png Percy Hobson Holyoak 16 December 19153 November 1921Reiss & Co.
Holyoak, Massey & Co., Ltd.
Elected on 10 December 1915 vice E. A. Hewett deceased;
reappointed in 1921;
died in office
15 February 192318 March 1926Return from leave on 3 January 1923;
appointed as one-day member on 18 July 1928
Blanksvg.svg Charles Edward Anton 7 November 191627 December 1917Jardine, Matheson & Co.Appointed vice David Landale on leave
Stanley Hudson Dodwell 7 June 1917October 1917? Dodwell & Co.
Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation
Elected 29 May vice P. H. Holyoak on leave
11 October 1918?1919?Appointed vice Edward Shellim on leave
10 March 1919?October 1919?Appointed vice R. G. Shewan on leave
1 January 1920?4 March 1920Appointed vice R. G. Shewan retired
8 November 193422 November 1934Vice W. H. Bell on leave
6 April 193626 June 1941Vice W. E. Shenton resigned
Ho Fook.png Ho Fook 23 October 191714 November 1921Appointed vice Wei Yuk retired
Blanksvg.svg Herbert William Bird 28 August 191817 October 1918Architect, Palmer & TurnerElected by JP vice H. E. Pollock on leave
7 April 19211922Vice A. V. D. Parr on leave
26 May 192226 October 1922Vice A. G. Stephen on leave
31 July 192418 July 1928
Blanksvg.svg Chan Kai-ming 3 October 191813 November 1918Vice Lau Chu-pak on leave
Grenville Alabaster.png Chaloner Grenville Alabaster K.C.10 April 191931 October 1919Barrister-at-LawVice H. E. Pollock acting Attorney General
31 July 19241924?Vice H. E. Pollock on leave
21 March 1925?23 November 1925Vice H. E. Pollock on leave
Blanksvg.svg Edward Victor David Parr 17 May 19191919?Mackinnon, Mackenzie & Co.
Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation
Elected 13 May vice P. H. Holyoak on leave [11]
5 September 1919?1919?
26 March 1920?31 May 1923
Blanksvg.svg John Johnstone 5 June 19193 March 1921Jardine, Matheson & Co.Vice David Landale retired
A. R. Lowe.png Arthur Rylands Lowe 17 June 192024 June 1920 Lowe Bingham & Matthew Vice H. E. Pollock on leave
1 June 19221922?Vice H. E. Pollock on leave
30 October 1923?22 May 1924Vice H. W. Bird on leave
Alexander Gordon Stephen.png Alexander Gordon Stephen 5 April 192114 June 1923Hongkong and Shanghai Banking CorporationVice on John Johnstone retired
Archibald Orr Lang.png Archibald Orr Lang 22 April 192118 June 1921?Gibb, Livingston & Co.Elected 21 April 1921 vice H. Holyoak on leave
10 November 1921?3 January 1923?Elected 24 November 1921 vice P. H. Holyoak on leave
11 June 1923?18 July 1928Vice E. V. D. Parr resigned
Blanksvg.svg Chau Siu-ki 28 April 192130 April 1921Vice Ho Fook on leave
31 May 19231923?Vice Ng Hon-tsz deceased
5 March 1924?28 August 1924Vice Chow Shou-son on leave
Shouson Chow1952.jpg Chow Shou-son 8 December 192122 October 1931Vice Ho Fook retired;
Senior Chinese Unofficial Member (1922–31)
Ng Hon Tsz.jpg Ng Hon-tsz 8 June 192222 February 1923Vice Lau Chu-pak deceased
Robert Kotewall.png Robert Hormus Kotewall 28 March 19233 October 1935 H.K. Mercantile Co., Ltd. Senior Chinese Unofficial Member (1931–35);
Vice Robert Kotewall on leave
Blanksvg.svg Dallas Gerald Mercer Bernard 20 April 192629 March 1928Jardine, Matheson & Co.
Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation
Elected 16 April 1926 vice P. H. Holyoak on leave;
Elected 14 June & appointed 15 June 1926 vice Mr. P. H. Holyoak deceased
Blanksvg.svg Wilfred Miller Vincent Koch 26 July 192615 October 1926Medical Faculty, UniversityVice H. E. Pollock on leave
Blanksvg.svg Arthur Cecil Hynes 4 April 192723 January 1930Hongkong and Shanghai Banking CorporationVice A. O. Lang resigned
Blanksvg.svg John Owen Hughes 16 June 19272 April 1931 Harry Wicking & Co. Elected 16 May [12]
4 May 193422 November 1934
Blanksvg.svg William Edward Leonard Shenton 16 June 19271927?SolicitorVice H. E. Pollock on leave
3 April 1928?19 March 1936Vice D. G. M. Bernard resigned
Blanksvg.svg Charles Gordon Stewart Mackie 28 June 19284 October 1928Gibb, Livingston & Co.Vice H. E. Pollock on leave
19 June 19301931?Vice H. E. Pollock on leave
7 May 1931?28 March 1935Elected 4 May vice J. O. Hughes resigned
JP Braga.jpg Jose Pedro Braga 17 January 19296 January 1937Braga & Co.First Portuguese representative
Dr Tso Seen Wan.jpg Ts'o Seen-wan 24 January 19296 January 1937Senior Chinese Unofficial Member (1935—37)
Blanksvg.svg Benjamin David Fleming Beith 28 June 192831 October 1929Jardine, Matheson & Co.Vice J. O. Hughes on leave
15 March 1930?1933?Vice A. C. Hynes resigned
John Johnstone Paterson 17 April 193013 November 1941Jardine, Matheson & Co.Provisionally vice B. D. F. Beith on leave;
appointed in succession of B. D. F. Beith;
reappoiinted in 1934, 1938
Blanksvg.svg Antonio Ferreira Batalha Silva-Netto 19 June 193026 June 1930 Silva-Netto & Co. Vice J. P. Braga on leave
21 May 193622 July 1936
Blanksvg.svg William Henry Bell 14 May 19311931? Asiatic Petroleum Co. (South China) Ltd. Vice J. O. Hughes resigned
1 April 1932?1933?Vice C. G. S. on leave
12 April 1934?October 1934?Vice J. J. Paterson on leave
12 April 1935?22 July 1936Elected 5 April on resignation of C. G. S. Mackie
Chau Tsun-nin (cropped).png Chau Tsun-nin 10 December 193116 November 1939Senior Chinese Unofficial Member (1937–39);
reappointed in 1935, 1939
Sir Man Kam Lo.png Lo Man-kam 9 November 193525 December 1941?SolicitorSenior Chinese Unofficial Member (1935–41)
Blanksvg.svg Marcus Theodore Johnson 8 June 19361936?Mackinnon, Mackenzie & Co.Vice H. E. Pollock on leave
21 May 1937?20 April 1938Elected May vice A. W. Hughes resigned
Blanksvg.svg Edgar Davidson 26 August 19361936?Solicitor (Hastings & Co.)Vice S. H. Dodwell on leave
25 May 1937?22 December 1937Vice S. H. Dodwell on leave
7 June 194113 November 1941Vice S. H. Dodwell on leave
Blanksvg.svg Arthur William Hughes 28 July 193614 April 1937Union Insurance Society of Canton Ltd.Elected 26 July on resignation of W. H. Bell.
Blanksvg.svg Leo d'Almada e Castro, Jr. 3 February 193713 November 1941Barrister-at-LawVice J. P. Braga;
reappointed in 1941
Blanksvg.svg Li Shu-fan 3 February 193716 January 1941Medical PractitionerVice Tso Seen-wan
A. L. Shields.png Andrew Lusk Shields 29 April 193813 November 1941 Shewan Tomes & Co. Vice M. T. Johnson on leave;
elected 7 October on resignstion of M. T. Johnson
Blanksvg.svg John Keith Bousfield 27 May 193914 September 1939Asiatic Petroleum Co. (South China) Ltd.Elected on 25 May vice A. L. Shields on leave
Li Tse-fong.png Li Tse-fong 20 July 193928 December 1939Vice Li Shu-fan on leave
20 February 194113 November 1941Vice Li Shu-fan retired
Blanksvg.svg Thomas Ernest Pearce 11 March 193913 November 1941 J. D. Hutchison & Co. Vice J. J. Paterson on leave
Blanksvg.svg William Ngartse Thomas Tam 17 March 193913 November 1941In succession of Chau Tsun-nin

See also

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References

  1. 1 2 3 "The First in Legislative Council History" (PDF). Government of Hong Kong. 2012. Retrieved 26 July 2014.
  2. Choa, Gerald Hugh (2000). The Life and Times of Sir Kai Ho Kai. Chinese University of Hong Kong. pp. 134–135. ISBN   9789622018730.
  3. The Hong Kong Government Gazette. No. 125. 9 November 1861.{{cite news}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  4. The Hong Kong Government Gazette. No. 147. 10 August 1866.{{cite news}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  5. The Hong Kong Government Gazette. No. 109. 15 July 1867.{{cite news}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  6. The Hong Kong Government Gazette. No. 640. 22 October 1902.{{cite news}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  7. The Hong Kong Government Gazette. No. 918. 11 December 1908.{{cite news}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  8. The Hong Kong Government Gazette. No. 395. 16 October 1914.{{cite news}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  9. The Hong Kong Government Gazette. 29 April 1902.{{cite journal}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  10. The Hong Kong Government Gazette (434). 17 July 1902.{{cite journal}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  11. The Hong Kong Government Gazette (233). 23 May 1919.{{cite journal}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  12. The Hongkong Government. No. 299. 20 May 1927.{{cite news}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)

Bibliography